• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.42-49
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• 2019

Objectives : Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is a life-saving therapy for patients with terminal liver disease. Many studies have focused on recipients rather than donors. The aim of this study was to assess the emotional status and personality characteristics of LDLT donors. Methods : We evaluated 218 subjects (126 male, 92 female) who visited Daegu Catholic University Medical Center from August 2012 to July 2018. A retrospective review of their preoperative psychological evaluation was done. We investigated epidemiological data and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 questionnaire. Subanalysis was done depending on whether subjects actually underwent surgery, relationship with the recipient, and their gender. Results : Mean age of subjects was $32.19{\pm}10.91years$. 187 subjects received LDLT surgery (actual donors) while 31 subjects didn't (potential donors). Donor-recipient relationship included husband-wife, parent-children, brother-sister etc. Subjects had statistical significance on validity scale L, F, K and all clinical scales compared to the control group. Potential donors had significant difference in F(b), F(p), K, S, Pa, AGGR, PSYC, DISC and NEGE scales compared to actual donors. F, D and NEGE scales were found to be predictive for actual donation. Subanalysis on donor-recipient relationship and gender also showed significant difference in certain scales. Conclusions : Under-reporting of psychological problems should be considered when evaluating living-liver donors. Information about the donor's overall psychosocial background, mental status and donation process should also be acquired.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.388-395
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• 2019

The object of the present study was to examine the effect of selenium-treated Spinacia oleracea L. on antioxidative defense system and oxidative damage in rats fed high-fat and high-cholesterol diets. Experimental rats were divided into six groups which were composed of normal diet group (N), high-fat and high-cholesterol diet group (HF), high-fat and high-cholesterol diet with 5% or 10% non-treated spinach supplemented group (SPA or SPB) and high-fat and high-cholesterol diet with 5% or 10% selenium-treated spinach-supplemented group (SSA or SSB). In the antioxidant enzyme activities of hepatic glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase, activities increased in supplementation of non-treated or selenium-treated spinach groups compared to HF group. However, there was no significant difference in the activity of hepatic catalase among all experimental groups. The microsomal superoxide radical content of the SSB group was significantly reduced compared to the HF group. The mitochondrial carbonyl values of the SSB group were significantly reduced compared to the HF group. Thiobarbituric acid reaction substance (TBARS) values in RBC and liver were also reduced in non-treated or selenium-treated spinach-supplemented groups compared to the HF group. The hepatic TBARS values of the supplementation of selenium-treated spinach groups significantly decreased compared to the supplementation of non-treated spinach groups. These results suggest that selenium-treated spinach may reduce oxidative damage by the activation of antioxidative defense system in rats fed high-fat and high-cholesterol diets.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.113-118
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• 2019

Oyster mushrooms are an economically important crop, accounting for 35% of the total mushroom production in Korea. In this study, we developed a new cultivar of Pleurotus ostreatus, known as 'Baekseon,' which is characterized by a white pileus with a white stipe. It was bred by mating monokaryons isolated from white mutant oyster mushrooms that were naturally generated from 'Gonji-7ho' and 'Wonhyeong-1ho' at the Mushroom Research Institute, GARES, Korea in 2018. The optimum temperature for mycelial growth on potato dextrose agar medium was approximately $28-31^{\circ}C$, and the optimum temperatures for primordia formation and growth of fruit bodies on sawdust media were $22^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$, respectively. The time required for the bottle-cultured mushrooms to complete spawn running, primordia formation, and growth of fruit bodies was 30 days, 4 days, and 4 days, respectively. The fruit bodies were bundle-shaped, the pilei were round type and white, and the stipes were white. The stipes were slender and longer than those of the control ('Miso'). In the productivity test, the yield per bottle was 185 g/1100 mL, which was 45% greater than that of the control ('Miso'). In the farm test, the yield per bottle for Farm A (Pyeongtaek) and Farm B (Yeoju) was 184 g/1100 mL and 178 g/850 mL, respectively. With regard to the physical properties of fruit bodies, the springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and brittleness of stipe tissue were 80%, 57%, 720 g, and 57 kg, respectively. These values were lower than those of the control ('Miso'). To test the shelf life, the fruit bodies were wrapped with antifogging film and stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 28 days and then at room temperature for 4 days; such conditions were sufficient for maintaining edibility.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.61-67
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• 2019

Objective : This study aimed to investigate the general process from the symptom onset to the psychiatric treatment in Korean panic patients and the effect of improved public awareness on it. Methods : This study has a retrospective design. The subjects were the new patients with panic disorder who visited the psychiatric outpatient clinic in twelve university-affiliated hospitals all across Korea. The medical chart was reviewed retrospectively and the data were collected including chief complaints of symptoms, recent stressors, the time to visit the psychiatric outpatient clinic, and visit of other departments and diagnostic approaches for their symptoms. Results : A total of 814 participants were included in the study. The most common department other than psychiatry the panic patients visited were cardiology (28.3%), general internal medicine (16.0%) and neurology (11.4%). The most frequently used diagnostic tests were a echocardiography (17.9%), 24-hour Holter monitoring (11.2%), and brain MRI (8.2%). Only 37.3% of participants visited psychiatric clinic directly. About 80% of participants visited psychiatric department within 1 year after their first panic symptoms and it took $13.8{\pm}13.7weeks$ on average. Comparing before and after 2012, the number of participants increased who visit directly the psychiatric clinic without visiting other departments (p=0.002) and without visiting emergency room (p<0.001). Conclusions : Our results suggest that a substantial number of patients visit departments other than psychiatry when they experience first panic symptoms. However, most patients begin psychiatric treatment within 1 year after their first symptoms and the number of patient are increasing who visit psychiatric department directly without visiting other departments.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.9-18
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine whether the mean fundamental frequency (F0) changes depending on language, task, or language proficiency for Korean-English bilinguals. A total of forty-eight Korean-English speakers (28 balanced bilinguals and 20 Korean dominant bilinguals) participated in the study. Participants were asked to read aloud two types of tasks in English and Korean. For statistical analyses, the language ${\times}$ task two-way repeated ANOVAs were conducted within the balanced bilingual group first, and then group ${\times}$ language two-way mixed ANOVAs. The results showed that the females in both bilingual groups changed their mean F0 depending on the language they used and the tasks (p<.05), whereas no significant results were found in the males in either group under any conditions. The mean fundamental frequency in the Korean reading task was significantly higher than that in the English reading task for females in both balanced and Korean dominant bilingual groups. Thus, changes in mean F0 depending on language and context may reflect gender-specific characteristics, and females seem to be more sensitive to the socio-cultural standards that are imposed on them.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.116-123
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• 2019

Angelica gigas Nakai (AGN) is a traditional medicinal herb especially in Korea. It contains pyranocoumarins, which are major active components including decursin (D) and decursinol angelate (DA). This study was carried out to determine the change in active component content and antioxidant activity depending on the root diameter of AGN. Several processing steps are involved to use AGN roots as medicine. The dried AGN roots are divided into body (B), thick root (TkR), medium root (MR) and thin root (TnR) according to their diameter before cutting into medicine. The recovery rates of each root parts per 100 kg were measured as $32.3{\pm}2.5$, $9.0{\pm}1.0$, $39.3{\pm}2.1$ and $15.0{\pm}1.0%$, respectively and the mean diameters were measured as $51.95{\pm}4.55$, $7.05{\pm}0.89$, $2.88{\pm}0.49$ and $1.57{\pm}0.32mm$. Two index components, D and DA, were analyzed. The change of both D and DA content showed a similar tendency. Both D and DA content were increased as the root diameter decreased (higher in TnR). In addition, antioxidant activity was higher in B and TnR, and lower in TkR and MR than control. This study showed that the thinner the root diameter, the higher the D and DA content in AGN roots and that TnR has excellent antioxidant activity compared to other root parts, suggesting that the thinner root part of AGN could be used as a potential material.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.472-477
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• 2018

"Hyangcheola" is a new japonica rice variety developed as a cross between "Joryeong" and "Seolhyangchal" by the rice breeding team at NICS in 2014. The heading date of "Hyangcheola" is July 28 in the middle plain area, which is 8 days earlier than that of "Hwaseong." "Hyangcheola" has a 76 cm long culm, which is 8 cm shorter than "Hwaseong" and has 86 spikelets per panicle. The viviparous germination rate of "Hyangcheola" was 27.9%. It showed resistance to stripe virus but susceptibility to bacterial blight (K1, K2, and K3 races), dwarf and black streak dwarf viruses and planthoppers. The milled rice of this variety exhibits translucent and medium short grain shape. The protein content of "Hyangcheola" was 8.2%, which was 1.5% higher than that of "Hwaseong." "Hyangcheola" is a rice with a fragrant aroma. The content of iron in 100 g of brown "Hyangcheola" rice was 15.12 mg, which is 3.69 mg higher than that of "Hwaseong," and the zinc content was 32.24 mg, which is 8.75 mg more than that of the comparative variety "Hwaseong." The average milled rice yield of "Hyangcheola" was 4.8 MT/ha at our sites under ordinary cultivation (Registration No. 6807).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.71-78
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• 2021

Green areas and the area of available horizontal surfaces are gradually decreasing due to the overcrowding of buildings. It is adversely affecting the urban climate and ecosystem. However, the recognition of the importance of green areas is gradually increasing. As a result, the importance of wall greening using vertical surfaces is growing. However, despite the fact that domestic wall greening guidelines and institutions related to orientations restrict planting. there was no study to determine whether there were actual differences in plant growth due to orientations. Therefore, this study compared and analyzed the plant growth characteristics by orientations to apply actual wall greening to cities. The experiment was conducted from May to September 2020. First of all, three octave walls were constructed to measure the temperature, the illumination, and the length of the plants once a week. The plants included Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Hedera rhombea, and Euonymus radicans cv. Aueonmarinata Rehd plants. As a result of the study, Parthenocissus tricuspidata was prolific in the north, and Hedera rhombea, and Euonymus radicans cv. Aueonmarinata Rehd plants were prolific in the south. All three types of plants were prolific in June-July, and the Parthenocissus tricuspidata was prolific in grass-growing, and in August, all the walls were 100% covered. Hedera rhombea had the lowest rate of herbaceous growth, and the vertical coverate was also lower at an average of 45%, but among the three plants, the sheath of the horizontal surface coverate was the highest. Euonymus radicans cv. Aueonmarinata Rehd was low in the speed of herbaceous growth, and finally, the walls were 100% covered except for the north and northwest directions. It was found that not all plants used for wall greening show the same growth, and the difference in growth varies more depending on plants than the effect of orientations. Therefore, it is better to identify the characteristics of plant growth and plant suitable plants for each directions.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.297-310
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• 2021

Lonicera harae is a species of shrub in the Caprifoliaceae family, mostly distributed in East asia. So far, the related research on the genus of Lonicera is insufficient compared to the Lonicera japonica belonging to the same genus, which requires attention to domestic native plants. Therefore, this study aims to provide baseline data for cultivation and utilization through the growth environment and vegetation structure of the natural habitat. Lonicera harae, which plant found throughout the Korean Peninsula. The natural habitats of Lonicera harae is the forest, valley and lowland areas of the southern region. study examined 24 quadrats in 11 regions, including Gwangju, Wanju and Namhae. As a result, environmental condition of Lonicera harae was 8 to 483 m above sea level, normally distributed over 173 m, Slope was 5 to 25 degree with 8.5 degree on average. The list of plants were classified as a total of 229 taxa comprising 80 families, 166 genus, 198 species, 3 subspecies, 24 varieties, 4 forma. As a result of the clustering analysis, the three clusters were divided into three groups; Robinia pseudoacacia, Zelkova serrata, Larix kaempferi. Species diversity was 1.399 and Dominance and Evenness were found to be 0.978 and 0.022 respectively.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.39-53
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined the dietary behavior, health status and nutrient intake by considering the level of household income of elderly people using data obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey (KNHANES VII) 2018. Methods: The study subjects were 1,355 elderly people over 65 years old (558 men, 797 women). Based on their household income, participants were classified into three groups: low-income, middle-income, and high-income. The variables consisted of general characteristics, dietary behavior, health status, health related behavior, and dietary intakes. Dietary data were estimated by the 24-hour dietary recall. Results: In men, the low-income group encompassed older, less educated, less employed, and living with family of first generation. However, in women, there were no differences in employment by the level of income, and women living alone had lower income than subjects living with family. Elderly men in the high-income group had a significantly higher level of nutrient intake (energy, protein, fat, phosphorous, riboflavin, niacin and vitamin C). Men in the low-income group consumed a significantly lower intake of fruits, seaweeds and eggs, including total food. Women in the low-income group had significantly less intake of protein, fat, calcium, phosphorous, iron, vitamin A, riboflavin, and niacin whereas women in the high-income group had significantly higher intake of sugar & sweet, eggs, and beverages, including total food. Conclusion: These results suggest that the level of household income is an important factor that influences food and nutrient intake in the Korean elderly. The socioeconomic status needs to be considered differently among elderly men and women when implementing food assistant programs and designing nutrition education programs.