• 동의신경정신과학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.81-96
• /
• 2005

This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of Dichroa febrifuga(DIF) on the Alzheimer’s disease. The effects of DIF extract on $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA of THP-1 cell treated by $A{\beta}$ plus LPS and amyloid precursor proteins(APP), acetylcholinesterase(AChE), glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) mRNA of PC-12 cell treated by $A{\beta}$ plus $rIL-1{\beta}$ and AChE activity of PC-12 cell lysate treated by $A{\beta}$ plus $rIL-1{\beta}$ and behavior of memory deficit mice induced by scopolamine and mice glucose, uric acid, AChE activity of memory deficit rats induced by scopolamine were investigated, respectively. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. DIF extract suppressed APP, AChE, GFAP mRNA in PC-12 cell treated by $A{\beta}$. 2. DIF extract suppressed $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA in THP-1 cell treated by LPS. 3. DIF extract suppressed AChE activity in cell lysate of PC-12 cell treated by $A{\beta}$. 4. DIF extract increased glucose, decreased uric acid and AChE significantly in the serum of the memory deficit rats induced by scopolamine. 5. DIF extract group showed significantly inhibitory effect on the memory deficit of mice induced by scopolamine in the experiment of Morris water maze. According to the above results, it is suggested that DIF extract might be usefully applied for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and memory deficit.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.67-80
• /
• 2005

This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of Rheum palmatum(RHP) on the Alzheimer's disease. The effects of RHP extract on amyloid precursor proteins(APP), acetylcholinesterase(AChE), glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) mRNA of PC-12 cell treated by $A{\beta}\;and\;IL-1{\beta},\;IL-6,\;TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA of THP-1 cell treated by LPS and AChE activity of PC-12 cell lysate treated by $A {\beta}$and behavior of memory deficit rats induced by scopolamine and mice glucose, uric acid, AChE activity of memory deficit rats induced by scopolamine were investigated, respectively. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. RHP extract suppressed APP, AChE, GFAP mRNA in PC-12 cell treated by $A{\beta} $. 2. RHP extract suppressed $IL-1{\beta} $, IL-6 $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA in THP-1 cell treated by LPS. 3. RHP extract suppressed AChE activity in cell lysate of PC-12 cell treated by $A{\beta}$. 4. HP extract increased glucose, decreased uric acid and AChE significantly in the serum of the memory deficit rats induced by scopolamine. 5. RHP extract group showed significantly inhibitory effect on the memory deficit of mice induced by scopolamine in the experiment of Morris water maze. According to the above results, it is suggested that RHP extract might be usefully applied for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and memory deficit symptom.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.43-51
• /
• 2006

This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of Amomum villosum(AMV) on the Alzheimer's disease. The effects of AMV extract on amyloid precursor proteins(APP), acetylcholinesterase(AChE), glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) mRNA of PC-12 cell line treated by amyloid $\beta$ protein($A{\beta}$) : IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$ mRNA of THP-1 cell line treated by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) : AChE activity of PC-12 cell lysate treated by $A{\beta}$ : serum glucose, uric acid, AChE activity of memory deficit rats induced by scopolamine : behavior of memory deficit mice induced by scopolamine were investigated, respectively. AMV extract suppressed APP, AChE, GFAP mRNA in PC-12 cell treated by $A{\beta}$ : IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-$\alpha$ mRNA in THP-1 cell treated by LPS , AChE activity in cell lysate of PC-12 cell treated by $A{\beta}$. AMV extract increased glucose, decreased uric acid and AChE significantly in the serum of the memory deficit rats induced by scopolamine. AMV extract group showed significantly inhibitory effect on the memory deficit of mice induced by scopolamine in the experiment of Morris water maze. According to the above results, it is suggested that AMV extract might be usefully applied for prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.808-816
• /
• 2018

Bacterial biofilms have been demonstrated to be closely related to clinical infections and contribute to drug resistance. Berberine, which is the main component of Coptis chinensis, has been reported to have efficient antibacterial activity. This study aimed to investigate the potential effect of a combination of berberine with ciprofloxacin (CIP) to inhibit Salmonella biofilm formation and its effect on expressions of related genes (rpoE, luxS, and ompR). The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index of the combination of berberine with CIP is 0.75 showing a synergistic antibacterial effect. The biofilm's adhesion rate and growth curve showed that the multi-resistant Salmonella strain had the potential to form a biofilm relative to that of strain CVCC528, and the antibiofilm effects were in a dose-dependent manner. Biofilm microstructures were rarely observed at $1/2{\times}MIC/FIC$ concentrations (MIC, minimal inhibition concentration), and the combination had a stronger antibiofilm effect than each of the antimicrobial agents used alone at $1/4{\times}FIC$ concentration. LuxS, rpoE, and ompR mRNA expressions were significantly repressed (p< 0.01) at $1/2{\times}MIC/FIC$ concentrations, and the berberine and CIP combination repressed mRNA expressions more strongly at the $1/4{\times}FIC$ concentration. The results indicate that the combination of berberine and CIP has a synergistic effect and is effective in inhibiting Salmonella biofilm formation via repression of luxS, rpoE, and ompR mRNA expressions.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제49권1호
• /
• pp.15-24
• /
• 2007

본 연구의 목적은 생후 발달과정에서 숫 백서 생식기의 일부인 efferent ductules (ED)에서 다양한 connexin 이형질체의 발현과 양상을 알아보았다. 1주, 2주, 1개월, 3개월 그리고 6개월령의 백서의 ED로부터 total RNA을 분리하였으며, semi-quantitative RT-PCR 방법을 사용하여 총 14개 connexin 이형질체의 mRNA 발현 양상을 알아보았다. 백서의 ED에서 연구된 14개 중 6개 connexin 이형질체의 발현이 보여졌으며, connexin 26과 30의 mRNA 발현은 연령에 따라 심한 변화를 보여주었다. Connexin 31.1의 발현은 1달령의 ED에서 가장 낮게 나타났으며, connexin 37과 45는 주로 초기 발달 과정에서 높은 수준으로 발현됨을 보여주었다. 또한, connexin 43의 발현은 1주령에서 가장 낮았으며 2주령 이후에는 큰 변화없이 일정한 수준을 유지하였다. 본 연구는 백서의 ED에서 다양한 종류의 connexin 이형질체가 발현되며, 이러한 발현은 생후 연령에 따라 서로 다르게 조절됨을 보여준다.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제38권6호
• /
• pp.829-834
• /
• 2006

HIV 감염 후 AIDS로의 진행과정에서 cytokines의 변화는 필수적인 결과로서 나타나게 된다. 본 연구에서는 AIDS 동물모델을 사용하여 Pyc Cytokines발현에 미치는 영향과 조절 매개체로서 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 관련성 및 작용 기작 확인에 초점을 두었다. LP-BM5 retrovirus에 감염된 C57BL/6 생쥐를 이용하여12주간에 걸친 실험에서Pyc 투여는 Th1과 Th2 cytokines의 혈중농도를 조절하여 murine AIDS로의 진행을 억제하는 데 역할을 하는 것으로 사료된다. 특히 Th2 cytokines의 mRNA 발현을 억제함에 따라 Th1 cytokines의 혈중농도는 상대적으로 증가한 것으로 사료된다. 이러한 결과는 Pyc가 Th2 cytokines을 선택적으로 transcription level에서 조절하고 있음을 의미하고 있다. 또한 Th2 cytokines mRNA 발현 조절은 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 활성화에 의한 것으로 추정된다. 본 연구는 AIDS 동물모델에서 $NF-{\kappa}B$의 조절을 통한 cytokines의 발현 조절의 가능성을 제시함과 동시에 Pyc의 역할에 대해 자료를 제시하고 있다. 또한 향후 murine AIDS 진행 억제제로서의 Pyc의 기작에 대한 일면을 보인 것에 의의를 두고자 한다.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.689-695
• /
• 2009

Chemically synthesized small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) can specifically knock-down expression of target genes via RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. To date, the length of synthetic siRNA duplex has been strictly maintained less than 30 bp, because an early study suggested that double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) longer than 30 bp could not trigger specific gene silencing due to the induction of non-specific antiviral interferon responses. Contrary to the current belief, here we show that synthetic dsRNA as long as 38 bp can result in specific target gene silencing without non-specific antiviral responses. Using this longer duplex structure, we have generated dsRNAs, which can simultaneously knock-down expression of two target genes (termed as dual-target siRNAs or dsiRNAs). Our results thus demonstrate the structural flexibility of gene silencing siRNAs, and provide a starting point to construct multifunctional RNA structures. The dsiRNAs could be utilized to develop a novel therapeutic gene silencing strategy against diseases with multiple gene alternations such as viral infection and cancer.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.1012-1022
• /
• 2020

Objective: Caseins and fatty acids of milk are synthesized and secreted by the epithelial cells of the mammary gland. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, has been shown to promote mammary development. This study was conducted to determine the effect of ATRA on casein synthesis and fatty acid composition in MAC-T cells. Methods: MAC-T cells were allowed to differentiate for 4 d, treated with ATRA (0, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 μM), and incubated for 3 d. We analyzed the fatty acid composition, the mRNA expression of casein and fatty acid synthesis-related genes, and the phosphorylation of casein synthesis-related proteins of MAC-T cells by gas chromatography, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting, respectively. Results: In MAC-T cells, ATRA increased the mRNA levels of α_S1-casein and β-casein, janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and E74-like factor 5 of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 β (STAT5-β) pathway, ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (S6K1) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, inhibited the mRNA expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E of the mTOR pathway, and promoted the phosphorylation of STAT5-β and S6K1 proteins. Additionally, ATRA increased the de novo synthesis of fatty acids, reduced the content of long-chain fatty acids, the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids (SFA), the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to SFA, and the ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 PUFA. The mRNA levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1, fatty acid synthase, lipoprotein lipase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) were enhanced by ATRA. Conclusion: ATRA promotes the synthesis of casein by regulating JAK2/STAT5 pathway and downstream mTOR signaling pathway, and it improves the fatty acid composition of MAC-T cells by regulating SREBP1-related genes.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국가금학회 2004년도 제21차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
• /
• pp.23-25
• /
• 2004

본 실험은 감태와 crude lectin의 사료내 첨가가육계의 생산성 및 면역반응에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 실시하였다. 1일령 Ross 수평아리 총234수를 공시하여 대조구(-), 대조구(+), 감태 1.0%, crude lectin 0.05 %, 0.1 %, 및 0.3 %로 6처리 3반복, 반복당 13수씩을 총 38일간 실험사료를 급여하였고, ND-IB 혼합 사독백신은 4일령에 피하접종하였다. 사료요구율에 있어서는 crude lectin 0.3 % 첨가구가 대조구(-)에 비해 유의하게 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). ND-IB 사독 혼합백신 접종 3주 후에는 감태와 crude lectin의 첨가구의 ND와 IB 백신 역가가 대조구(+)와 비교하여 상승하는 경향이나 상승효과가 있었다(P<0.05). 폐사율에 있어서 crude lectin 첨가구들은 살모넬라를 감염시킨 대조구(+)에 비해 유의하게 감소하였다(P<0.05). 닭에서 IFN-v, IL-2, 및 IL-6의 mRNA는 살모넬라 감염에 의해 높게 발현되었고, 감태와 crude lectin은 IFN-v의 발현에 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 감태 1.0 %와 crude lectin 0.05 % 첨가구는 IL-2와 IL-6의 mRNA 농도가 대조구(+)에 비해 높은 경향이나 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제17권8호
• /
• pp.3963-3969
• /
• 2016

Purpose:To assess IGFBP-6 expression in relation with the presence of the metabolic syndrome, adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) and IGF-IR levels in colorectal adenocarcinoma cases. Materials and Methods: IGFBP-6 mRNA and protein levels were analyzed using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting in 46 patients. ELISA and flow cytometry were used for evaluation of AdipoR1, AdipoR2 and IGF-IR. Results: The results showed that IGFBP-6 mRNA expression and the IGFBP-6 content were higher in tumor tissue samples of colorectal cancer patients with tahtn without metabolic syndrome. In addition, the IGFBP-6 mRNA expression was associated with tumor invasion (tumor size) and the IGFBP-6 protein level was associated with nodal status. Positive correlations and positive nonlinear relations were found between the IGFBP-6 level and the AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 contents in colorectal cancer patients. Conclusions: The IGFBP-6 mRNA level and protein level were found to be associated with presence of metabolic syndrome. Positive correlations indicated probable cross-talk between the IGF-IR-mediated and adiponectin-mediated signaling pathways in colorectal carcinomas. IGFBP-6 may be considered as a potential biomarker associated with lymphogenous metastasis and the metabolic syndrome in colorectal cancer.