• 한국결정학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.93-97
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• 1995

Re(≡NC6H5)(PPh3)2CI3 화합물이 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane (DPPE)와 반응하여 fac-Re(≡NC6H5)(DPPE)CI3이 되었다. 이 생성물의 구조를 1H-NMR, 원소분석, 그리고 X-ray 회절법으로 규명하였다. 이 생성물은 단사정계로 (Pc, a=11.083(3)Å, b=10.930(1)Å, c=14.081(2)Å, β=108.37(2)°, Z=2) 결정화되었다. 최소자승법으로 구조를 정밀화한 결과 신뢰도는 R(wR2)=0.0254(0.0607)이였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.603-610
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• 1993

The crystal structure of dehydrated $Ag_{5.6}K_{6.4}-A$, zeolite A ion-exchanged with $K^+\;and\;Ag^+$ as indicated and dehydrated at 360$^{\circ}$C, has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Also determined were the structures of the products of the reactions of this zeolite with 0.1 Torr of Cs vapor at 250$^{\circ}$C for 48 h and 72 h, and with 0.1 Torr of Rb vapor at 250$^{\circ}$C for 24 h. The structures were solved and refined in the cubic space group Pm3m at 21(l)$^{\circ}$C (a= 12.255(l) ${\AA}$ , 12.367(l) ${\AA}$, 12.350(l) ${\AA}$, and 12.263(l) ${\AA}$, respectively). Dehydrated $Ag_{5.6}K_{6.4}$-A was refined to the final error indices $R_1= 0.044\;and\;R_2=0.037$ with 202 reflections for which I>3${\sigma}$(I). The crystal structures of the reaction products were refined to $R_1=0.087\;and\;R_2= 0.089$ with 157 reflections, $R_1=0.080\;and\;R_2= 0.087$ with 161 reflections, and $R_1= 0.071\;and\;R_2=0.061$ with 88 reflections, respectively. In the structure of $Ag_{5.6}K_{6.4}-A,\;K^+$ ions block all 8-oxygen rings, and one reduced Ag atom is found per sodalite cavity. Also, ca. 4.6 $Ag^+ ions\;and\;3.4 K^+ ions$ are found at 6-ring sites in the large cavity. The crystal structures of the reaction products show that all $K^+$ and $Ag^+$ ions have been reduced, and that all K^+$ atoms have left the zeolite. Cs or Rb species are found at three different crystallographic sites: 3.0 $Cs^+\;or\;3.0Rb^+$ ions per unit cell occupy 8-ring centers, ca. 8.0 $Cs^+ ions\;or\;5.7 Rb^+$ ions, are found on threefold axes opposite 6-rings deep in the large cavity, and ca. 2.5 $Cs^+\;or\;2.3 Rb^+ ions are found on threefold axes in the sodalite unit. Also, 1 $Rb^+$ ion lies opposite a 4-ring. Silver atoms, corresponding to 75% or 40% occupancy of hexasilver clusters stabilized by coordination to $Cs^+\;or\;Rb^+$ ions, are found at the centers of the large cavities. In the crystal structures of dehydrated Ag_{5.6}K_{6.4}-A$ reacted with Cs vapor, excess Cs atoms are absorbed and these form (locally) cationic clusters such as $(Cs_4)3^+\;and\;(Cs_6)4^+$.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.3963-3969
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• 2016

Purpose:To assess IGFBP-6 expression in relation with the presence of the metabolic syndrome, adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2) and IGF-IR levels in colorectal adenocarcinoma cases. Materials and Methods: IGFBP-6 mRNA and protein levels were analyzed using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting in 46 patients. ELISA and flow cytometry were used for evaluation of AdipoR1, AdipoR2 and IGF-IR. Results: The results showed that IGFBP-6 mRNA expression and the IGFBP-6 content were higher in tumor tissue samples of colorectal cancer patients with tahtn without metabolic syndrome. In addition, the IGFBP-6 mRNA expression was associated with tumor invasion (tumor size) and the IGFBP-6 protein level was associated with nodal status. Positive correlations and positive nonlinear relations were found between the IGFBP-6 level and the AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 contents in colorectal cancer patients. Conclusions: The IGFBP-6 mRNA level and protein level were found to be associated with presence of metabolic syndrome. Positive correlations indicated probable cross-talk between the IGF-IR-mediated and adiponectin-mediated signaling pathways in colorectal carcinomas. IGFBP-6 may be considered as a potential biomarker associated with lymphogenous metastasis and the metabolic syndrome in colorectal cancer.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2005

이 연구의 목적은 만곡이 삼한 근관에서 $ProTaper^{(R)}$를 수동으로 사용하는 방법, 엔진 구동으로 사용하는 방법, 그리고, 치관부는 엔진 구동으로 치근단부는 수동으로 사용하는 세 가지 방법의 근관 성형 능력을 비교하기 위한 것이다. 근관 길이가 170mm이고 근관 입구에서 10mm 떨어진 부위에서 만곡이 시작되며 평균 40도의 단일 만곡을 가지는 투명한 레진 블락 30개를 사용하였다. 각 군당 10개의 레진 블락을 사용하였으며, 수동형 $ProTaper^{(R)}$로 전체근관을 성형한 군형 M군, 엔진 구동형 $ProTaper^{(R)}$로 전체근관을 성형한 군을 R군, 근단부는 수동형 $ProTaper^{(R)}$를, 치관부는 엔진 구동형 $ProTaper^{(R)}$를 사용하여 성형한 군을 H군으로 하였다. 각각의 블락을 성형하고 각 군별 근관 성형시간을 기록하였다. 근관 성형전과 후의 이미지를 중첩하여 근단공으로부터의 수직 이동 거리 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 그리고 6 mm 위치에서 수평선을 긋고 총 근관폭경, 근관 만곡 내외측 삭제량, 근관의 변위, 중심 이동률을 평가하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 근관 성형시간은 R군, H군, M군 순으로 짧았고, 세 군 사이에는 유의한 차이가 있었다(p < 0.05). 2. R군이 전체적으로 삭제량이 많은 경향을 보였으나, 1, 3 mm를 제외하고는 차이가 없었다(p > 0.05). 3. 만곡내측 삭제량에 있어서는 1 mm 지점에서는 R군이, 6 mm 지점에서는 H군이 컸지만 (p < 0.05), 나머지 지점에서는 차이가 없었다. 만곡외측 삭제량은 1 mm 지점에서만 R군이 컸다 (p > 0.05). 4. H군, R군은 1, 2, 3 mm 지점, M군은 1, 2 mm 지점에서 만곡외측으로의 변위를 보였고, 그 외의 지점에서는 내측변위를 보였다. 각 군 간의 변위차이는 6 mm 지점에서 H군이 컸다(p < 0.05). 5. 근관의 중심 이동률은 6 mm 지점에서 H군이 R군에 비해 유의하게 컸지만 다른 모든 위치에서는 차이가 없었다(p < 0.05). 본 실험결과를 토대로 할 때, 각 평가 항목에서 측정 위치에 따라 약간씩 차이가 있었으나, 중심 이동률은 대부분의 위치에서 유의한 차이가 없었다. 따라서 만곡 근관을 성형시에는 세 가지 방법 중 어느 것이 더 유용하다고 보기 어렵다고 판단된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.582-585
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• 1989

Two crystal structures of dehydrated $Sr^{2+}\;and\;Tl^+$ exchanged zeolite A, $Sr_xTl_{12-2x}-A$ (x = 1.6 and 5.45), have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Their structures were solved and refined in the cubic space group Pm3m at $21(1)^{\circ}C.$ Both crystals were ion exchanged in flowing streams of mixed $Sr(NO_3)_2\;and\;TlNO_3$ aqueous solution, followed by dehydration at $360^{\circ}C\; and\; 2${\times}$10^{-6}$ Torr for 2 days. Full-matrix least-squares refinements of the dehydrated $Sr_{1.6}Tl_{8.8}-A (a = 12.214(2){\AA})\; and\;Sr_{5.45}Tl{1.1}-A (a=12.291(2){\AA})$ have converged to final error indices, $R_1=0.055\; and\;R_2=0.061$ with 286 reflections, and R1 = 0.072 and R2 = 0.090 with 217 reflections, respectively, for which$\;I\;{>}\;3{\sigma}(I)$. In both structures, all Sr(II) ions are coordinated by three framework oxygens; Sr(II) to O(3) distances are $2.21(2){\AA}\;for\;Sr_{1.6}Tl_{8.8}-A \;and\;2.31(1){\AA} \;for\;Sr_{5.45}Tl_{1.1}-A,$and Tl(I) to O(3) distances are $2.657(6){\AA}\;for\;Sr_{1.6}Tl_{8.8}-A\;and\;2.845(8){\AA}\;for\;Sr_{5.45}Tl_{1.1}-A,$ respectively. In each structure, the angle subtended at Sr(II), O(3)-Sr(II)-O(3) is $118.7(4)^{\circ}\;for\; Sr_{1.6}Tl_{8.8}-A \;and\;120.0(4)^{\circ}\;for\;Sr_{5.45}Tl_{1.1}-A.\;Sr^{2+}$ ions prefer to 6-ring sites and $Tl^+$ ions to 8-ring sites when total number of ions per unit cell is more than 8.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.399-404
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the population densities, R/S ratios, and identification of heterotrophic bacteria on the rhizosphere soil of halophyte Suaeda japonica found on the western and southern mudflats of Korea. The population densities of aerobic and anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria on the rhizosphere soil of Suaeda japonica were in the range of $1.3\;{\pm}\;0.3\;{\times}\;10^6\;{\sim}\;6.3\;{\pm}\;3.3\;{\times}\;10^7\;and\;2.8\;{\pm}\;1.3\;{\times}\;10^4\;{\sim}\;1.8\;{\pm}\;0.7\;{\times}\;10^7\;cfu\;g^{-1}\;d.\;wt.$, respectively. In case of physiologically specific bacteria, population densities of amylolytic bacteria on the rhizosphere soil of Suaeda japonica were in the range of $4.4\;{\pm}\;0.6\;{\times}\;10^6\;{\sim}\;2.5\;{\pm}\;1.2\;{\times}\;10^7\;cfu\;g^{-1}\;d.\;wt.$, those of cellulolytic bacteria were from $8.5\;{\pm}\;6.0\;{\times}\;10^4\;{\sim}\;2.3\;{\pm}\;1.6\;{\times}\;10^6\;cfu\;g^{-1}\;d.\;wt.$, and those of proteolytic bacteria were from $3.8\;{\pm}\;1.8\;{\times}\;10^5\;{\sim}\;4.2\;{\pm}\;2.9\;{\times}\;10^6\;cfu\;g^{-1}\;d.\;wt.$, respectively. The R/S ratios were ranged from 2.33 to 2.39. Among eleven isolates from the roots of halophyte Suaeda japonica of Goheung bay by using 16S rDNA analysis, five clones were closely related to ${\gamma}-Proteobacteria$ group and six clones were closely related to ${\alpha}-Proteobacteria$ group. Among four isolates from Suncheon bay, two strains were related to ${\gamma}-Proteobacteria$ group and another two were related to Actinobacteria and Bacilli group, respectively.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.450-457
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• 2016

While many studies on the heat transfer effect of an impinging jet have been published, most studies focus on the downward impinging jet. This study investigates the impinging jet heat transfer phenomenon when water at a temperature of $24^{\circ}C$ impinges on the downward isothermal circular plate at 60, 70, and $80^{\circ}C$ and when the upward round jet nozzle is 4, 6, and 8 mm diameter with a flow rate 3.6, 4.6, and 5.6 L/min, respectively, and when the ratio of the nozzle clearance/nozzle diameter (H/D) is 1. The results showed that, as the nozzle diameter decreases, the heat transfer coefficient increases at a constant flow rate. The correlation equation of $Nu_r$, $Pr_r$, and $Re_{jg}$ is obtained in the impinging and constant velocity flow region $(Nu_r/Pr^{0.4}_r)Dr=4.6[Re_{jg}(r/R_c)Dr]^{0.8}$ at all flow rates, in the deceleration and falling flow regions $(Nu_r/Pr^{0.4}_r)Dr=42.7{\mid}Re_{jg}(r/R_c)Dr-345.7{\mid}^{0.3}$ at 3.6 L/min, $(Nu_r/Pr^{0.4}_r)Dr=92.4{\mid}Re_{jg}(r/R_c)Dr-16.8{\mid}^{0.2}$ at 4.6 L/min, and $(Nu_r/Pr^{0.4}_r)Dr=322.4{\mid}Re_{jg}(r/R_c)Dr-536.2{\mid}^{0.01}$ at 5.6 L/min.

• 생약학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.6-9
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• 2013

Two fraxinellone-based hydrogenated derivatives were prepared from fraxinellone, a well-known degraded limonin, via catalytic hydrogenation in the presence of $PtO_2$ in HOAc. Their structures were confirmed as (3S,3aR,3'R)-3a,7-dimethyl-3-(tetrahydrofuran-3-yl)-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydroisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one and (3S,3aR,2'R)-3-((R)-1-hydroxybutan-2-yl)-3a,7-dimethyl-3a,4,5,6-tetrahydroisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one on the basis of 2D NMR assignments. The $^{13}C$ NMR assignments of two quaternary carbons in the ${\alpha}$,${\beta}$-unsaturated carbonyl moiety of ${\gamma}$-butyrolactone core of fraxinellone should be revised.

• 논리연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.19-32
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• 2003

In this paper we investigate the relevance logic E-R of the Entailment E without the reductio (R), and its extensions Ee-R, Eec-R: Ee-R is the E-R with the expansion (e) and Eec-R the Ee-R with the chain (c). We give completeness for each E-R, Ee-R, and Eec-R by using Routley-Meyer semantics.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.898-904
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• 2019

Streptozotocin(STZ)을 45mg/kg.b.w의 용량으로 흰쥐의 미정맥에 투여 한 후 당뇨병이 유발된 당뇨 흰쥐에게 1일 1회 7일간 1,000mg/kg의 용량으로 황기에탄올 추출물을 투여 후 glucose함량과 당대사에 관여하는 효소인 glucose-6-phosphatase(G-6-Pase), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH, glucokinase(GK)활성과 glycogen 함량, triglyceride(TG), total cholesterol등의 지질대사에 관여하는 물질들을 측정한 결과 황기 에탄올 추출물 투여군이 glucose, TG, total cholesterol등의 함량과 G-6-Pase 활성의 유의적인 감소를 나타내었으며 glycogen 함량과 G-6-PDH, GK의 활성이 유의적인 증가를 나타내었다. 이와 같이 황기 에탄올 추출물이 항당뇨 개선효과를 갖는 유효성분을 함유하고 있음을 알 수 있었다.