• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.460-465
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• 1992

The structure of th 5S rRNA isolated from Xanthomonas citri was determined by enzymatic and chemical degradation methods. It consists of 119 nucleotides and contains no modified nucleosides. As does the 5S rRNA of X. maltophilia, it contains an additional uridine residue on the 5'-terminus. The secondary structure of the 5S rRNA from X. citri was almost identical to the generalized models proposed by many other workers [De Wachter et al., Biochimie, 64, 311 (1982); Specht et al., Nucleic Acids Res., 18, 2215 (1990); Cho et al., Proceedings of the First Symposium on Biomolecules, p. 9 (1991)]. The secondary structure of 5S rRNA from X. citri consists of five helices, five loops and two bulges. This 5S rRNA has a uridine residue at position 66 as a bulge.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.424-427
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• 1997

To study the NMR chemical shift arising from the 5f-electron orbital angular momentum and the 5f-electron spin dipolar-nuclear spin angular momentum interactions, the evaluation of the hyperfine integrals has been extended to any pairs of SCF type 5f orbitals adopting a general method which is applicable to a general vector R, pointing in any direction in space. From the electronic wavefunctions for 5f orbitals expressed in common coordinate system, the radial part of the hyperfine interaction integrals are derived by translating the exponential part, r2 exp(-2βr), in terms of R, rN and the modified Bessel functions. The radial integals for 5f orbitals are tabulated in analytical forms. When two of the hyperfine integrals along the (100), (010), (001), (110), and (111) axes are calculated using the derived radial integrals, the calculated values for the 5f system change sign for R-values larger than R　0.35 nm. But the calculated values for the 4f systems change sign for R-values larger than R　0.20 nm.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 2015

This study demonstrates an effective one-pot regioselective synthesis of 3,7-diarylpyrazolo [1,5-${\alpha}$]pyrimidines. Moreover, the derivatives obtained were effective CB1R antagonists. These pyrazolo [1,5-${\alpha}$]pyrimidines with diaryl groups at the 3,7-positions are potential pharmacophores for CB1R candidates.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.4940-4950
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• 2011

cis-(3R,5R)-Atorvastatin Ca (1) used for hyperlipidemia have four stereomers. However, It is very difficult to prepare stereoselective stereomers. In this paper, the reduction of 3,5-diketo atorvastatin ester (3) was performed using $Me_4NHB(OAc)_3$ in acetic acid as a reductant and showed excellent stereoselectivity in the double reduction of 3,5-diketo atorvastatin ester (3). As a result, reduction of compound 3 by $Me_4NHB(OAc)_3$ was purely obtained with cis-(3R,5R)-atorvastatin ester (4) of 1.5% and trans-(3R,5S)-atorvastatin ester (5) of 98.5%. Also, cis-(3R,5R)-atorvastatin Ca (1) and trans-(3R,5S)-atorvastatin Ca (7) were used to determine efficacy in the treatment of liver damage and hyperlipidemia induced by a high-fat diet in rats and to study the performance of the January 2010 experient was conducted. As a result, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), and triglyceride (TG) levels of compound 1 and 7 groups were $93.0{\pm}0.5$, $43.5{\pm}0.8$, $40.4{\pm}1.4$, $45.6{\pm}0.9\;mg/d{\ell}$ and $110.0{\pm}0.7$, $33.3{\pm}0.6$, $65.8{\pm}1.9$, $54.8{\pm}1.2\;mg/d{\ell}$, respectively. Atherogenic index (AI) and cardiac risk factor (CRF) in compound 1 and 7 were $1.14{\pm}0.05$, $2.14{\pm}0.05$ and $2.31{\pm}0.06$, $3.31{\pm}0.06$, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were $51.9{\pm}4.6$, $16.0{\pm}2.1\;IU/{\ell}$ and $75.8{\pm}4.4$, $35.1{\pm}9.7\;IU/{\ell}$. Taken together, while compound 1 treat against high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia by attenuating hepatic lipid depots and reducing oxidative stress, compound 7 group had a low curative effect on hyperlipidemia induced by a high-fat diet in rats. These findings suggest that new method about synthesis of stereoselective stereomers and indicate that it may consider using in a clinical trial.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.777-786
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• 2003

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementary Blended essential oil(CRINA$^{\circledR}$) on the performance, nutrient availability, fatty acid composition of leg muscle, small intestinal microflora and blood parameters in broiler chickens. One thousand unsexed day-old broiler chickens were assigned to five treatments : control(T1), 5ppm avilamycin(starter diet) & 5ppm flavomycin(grower diet) T2, 5ppm avilamycin(starter diet) & 50ppm CRINA$^{\circledR}$(grower diet) T3, 50ppm CRINA$^{\circledR}$(starter & grower diet) T4, 50ppm CRINA$^{\circledR}$+ 500ppm lactic acid$^{\circledR}$ (starter & grower diet) T5. Each treatment had four replications of 50 birds each. Growth performance was significantly improved by dietary supplements(T2-T5). There were no significant differences among treatment T2, T3, T4 and T5. Feed intake was not significantly different among treatments. Dietary supplementation of CRINA$^{\circledR}$(T3, T4, T5) resulted in significant(p〈0.05) improvement in feed/gain(F/G) during finishing period (4-5weeks). The birds fed CRINA$^{\circledR}$ supplemented diet(T4) showed significantly(p〈0.05) higher availability of crude fat, methionine and methionine + cystine than those fed antibiotics supplemented diet(T2). Mortality was not significantly affected by treatments. The colony forming unit(CFU) of E.coli in small intestinal content was significantly lower in antibiotics & CRINA$^{\circledR}$(T3) compared to CRINA$^{\circledR}$ treatment(T4)(P〈0.05). CFU of Cl. perfringens was low in CRINA$^{\circledR}$(T4) but not different significantly with other treatments. Serum triglyceride level of birds fed CRINA$^{\circledR}$ + lactic acid diet(T5) was significantly lower(p〈0.05) than those fed antibiotics supplemented diet(T2). Cholesterol level of the birds fed antibiotics(T2) or CRINA$^{\circledR}$ + lactic acid supplemented diet(T5) was significantly higher(p〈0.05) than other treatments. HDL level of birds fed control diet was significantly lower(p〈0.05) than that of others. The levels of serum IgG were not significantly different among treatments. Major fatty acids composition of leg muscle fat was significantly influenced by treatments. Control group showed significantly higher palmitic acid(C$_{16:0}$) and steraric acid(C$_{18:0}$) content than other treatments(p〈0.05). Content of oleic acid(C$_{18:1}$), however, was significantly lower in the control than others treatments. Content of linolenic acid(C$_{18:3}$) was significantly higher in CRINA$^{\circledR}$+ lactic acid(T5) than antibiotics & CRINA$^{\circledR}$(T3) treatments. Total saturated fatty acids content was higher and total unsaturated fatty acids were lower in the leg muscle fat of the control than that of other treatments. It is concluded that CRINA$^{\circledR}$ supplementation improved growth rate and F/G ratio in broilers. The combination of CRINA$^{\circledR}$ with either antibiotics or lactic acid did not show any additive or synergistic effects in broiler chickens .

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.31-33
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• 1990

We synthesized the novel complexes of (1,1-dimethyl-3,4-diphenyl-1-silacyclopenta-2,4-di ene-2,5-yldibenzene)bis(tricarbonylchromium) and tricarbonyl (R,R'-3,4,5-triphenyl-1-silacyclopenta-2,4-diene-2 -ylbenzene)chromium(R,R' = Me, R = Me/R' = Cl, R = Ph/R' = Cl) from the reaction of the corresponding R,R'-2,3,4,5-Tetraphenyl-1-silacyclopenta-2,4-dien e (abr. R,R'-TPSCp) with chromiumhexacarbonyl. These results reveal that chromium prefer to coordinate to the phenyl substituents of 1-silacyclospentadiene rather than the butadiene moiety of the ring.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.1923-1927
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• 2012

Background: Studies investigating the association between 2R/3R polymorphisms in the thymidylate synthase 5'-untranslated enhanced region (TYMS 5'-UTR) and gastric cancer risk have generated conflicting results. Thus, a meta-analysis was performed to summarize the data on any association. Methods: Pubmed, Embase, and CNKI databases were searched for all available studies. The strength of association between TYMS 5'-UTR 2R/3R polymorphism and gastric cancer risk was estimated by odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Six individual case-control studies with a total of 1, 472 cases and 1, 895 controls were included into this meta-analysis. Analyses of total six relevant studies showed that there was no obvious association between the TYMS 5'-UTR 2R/3R polymorphism and gastric cancer risk. Subgroup analyses based on ethnicity showed 2R of TYMS 5'-UTR 2R/3R contributes to gastric cancer risk in the Asian population ($OR_{Homozygote\;model}$ = 1.71, 95%CI 1.19-2.46, P = 0.004; $OR_{Recessive\;genetic\;model}$ = 1.70, 95%CI 1.18-2.43, P = 0.004). However, the association in Caucasian populations was uncertain due to the limited studies. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis suggests that 2R of TYMS 5'-UTR 2R/3R contributes to gastric cancer risk in the Asian population, while this association in Caucasians populations needs further study.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.165-171
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• 2004

Weight loss and nutrients dynamics during decomposition of oak roots (diameter classes: R₁〈0.2㎝, 0.5㎝〈R₂〈1㎝, 1㎝〈R₃〈2㎝, 2㎝.〈R₄〈4㎝) (Quercus acutissima) were studied for 33-months in Kongiu, Korea. After 33-months, decomposition rate of R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ was 49.6%, 47.5%, 66.4% and 66.1%, respectively. The decomposition constant(k) for R₁, R₂, R₃, and R₄ was 0.249/yr, 0.234/yr, 0.397/yr and 0.393/yr, respectively. Larger diameter class of the root lost more weight than smaller diameter class. N concentration in decomposing oak roots increased in all diameter classes. After 33-months, remaining N in R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ was 66.5%, 80.7%, 84.4% and 44.4%, respectively. K concentration in decomposing oak roots decreased in early part of decomposition and then increased in later stage of decomposition. After 33-months, remaining P in R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ was 64.7%, 62.4%, 93.1% and 30.7%, respectively. K concentration in decomposing oak roots decreased rapidly in early stage of decomposition. Remaining K in R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ was 11.6%, 10.6%, 5.9% and 7.7%, respectively. Ca concentration in decomposing oak roots showed different among diameter classes. After 33-months, remaining Ca in R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ was 66.2%, 51.0%, 39.1% and 48.3%, respectively. Initial concentration of Mg in oak root was higher in smaller diameter class. After 33-months, remaining Mg in R₁, R₂, R₃ and R₄ was 15.3%, 29.9%, 24.5% and 69.4%, respectively.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.402-408
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• 1994

For the examination of the role of monocerin(1) on the biological activity, (8S, 9S, 11R)-(-)-monocerin(20) and (9S, 11R)-(+)-fusarentin 4, 5-dimethyl ether(19) were synthesized by a condensation of the benzylic anion of ethyl 2, 3, 4-trimethoxy-6-methylbenzoate(16) with modifyed (R)-ethyl 3-hydroxyhexanoate (9). In a key step, bioreduction with active dried baker's yeast in organic solvent system was employed to get a chiral aldehyde 12. Their phytotoxic activities were tested on rice seedlings and lettuce seeds.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.155-160
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• 2009

The reliability could be one of the essential properties for multilayer ceramic capacitor (MLCC) using in various electronic devices and the concentration and mobility of oxygen vacancy would play important role in the reliability. To investigate the migration behavior of oxygen vacancies, thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) is adopted. In dielectric material of X5R MLCC, the TSD-Current peak observed around 150$^{\circ}C$ and 200$^{\circ}C$ which represented the migration of oxygen vacancy. Substituting Yttrium for Dysprosium in X5R MLCC showed higher migration activation energy and lower TSD current density.