• ETRI Journal
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.1031-1041
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• 2016

This paper presents millimeter-wave (mmWave) propagation characteristics and channel model parameters including path loss, delay, and angular properties based on 28 GHz and 38 GHz field measurement data. We conducted measurement campaigns in both outdoor and indoor at the best potential hotspots. In particular, the model parameters are compared to sub-6 GHz parameters, and system design issues are considered for mmWave 5G Giga communications. For path loss modeling, we derived parameters for both the close-in free space model and the alpha-beta-gamma model. For multipath models, we extracted delay and angular dispersion characteristics including clustering results.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2013

Objectives : The 7-zone-diagnostic system is a device for predetermining bodily locations by measuring the energy of the living body. The purpose of this study is to examine correlations between gastroscopy results and zone-5 data from the 7-zone-diagnostic system. Methods : This study was carried out with data from gastroscopy procedures. It involved 115 patients who had been diagnosed with gastritis, esophagitis, or gastric ulcers. These patients were divided into three groups according to the different patterns of zone-5 factors AA, FL2 and FL1. Group A was made up of patients for whom the red bar graph of zone-5 was higher than the normal range for factor AA. Group B was made up of patients for whom the red bar graph of zone-5 was within the normal range for factor AA. Group C was made up of patients for whom the red bar graph of zone-5 was lower than the normal range for factor AA. Group D E and F were made up of same way as group A B and C for factor FL2. Group G H and I were made up of same way as group A B and C for factor FL1. After the collection of gastroscopy results and data on zone-5 from the 7-zone-diagnostic system, the data was analyzed statistically. Results : 1. Group D had a higher ratio of medication than group E, and this result was statistically significant. 2. Group D G had a higher ratio of medication than group E G and group E H, and this result was statistically significant. 3. Group G had a higher ratio of esophagitis than group H, and this result was statistically significant. 4. A Group B H had a higher ratio of esophagitis than group B G, group C G, and group C H, and this result was statistically significant. 5. The medication group had a high score on the function index than the non-medication group, and this result was statistically significant. Conclusions : This study suggests that there is a slight correlation between gastroscopy results and zone-5 data from the 7-zone-diagnostic system. The research resulted in significant data that are helpful for diagnosing digestive system problems through the use of the 7-zone-diagnostic system.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.59-69
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• 1992

In order to predict the distribution of chemical species of copper and cadmium in water, conditional stability constant and complexation capacity between copper or cadmium and natural aquatic sediment have been determined in a shallow lake in Haman, Kyungnam. Kinetic parameters were calculated by Langmuir isotherm equation. Conditional stability constant was log $K_{cuSed}=4.78 and log K_{cdSed}=4.45$. Complexation capacity was $1.70{\times}10^{-4}$moles/g for copper and $5.54{\times}10^{-5}$moles/g for cadmium. Accuracy of experimental values of conditional stability constant was checked by comparing the calculated concentration of the metals with the measured one. Relatively good agreement between these values was obtained. Relative errors were 8.9% for copper and 6.5% for cadmium. Data of the measured conditional stability constant were put into data base of MINEQL computer program, and concentration of various chemical species of copper and cadmium in a model aquatic system was calculated. Aquatic sediment was associated with copper at the concentration of $10^{-5M}(0.059g/\ell)$10-5M(0.059g/l) and with cadmium at the concentration of $10^{-6M}(0.018g/\ell)$, and it significantly influenced on the distribution of chemical species of the metals. This result showed that prediction of chemical species of the heavy metals in an aquatic system should be taken into account the influence of the sediment.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.1203-1220
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• 2008

Let V be an arbitrary system of weights on an open connected subset G of ${\mathbb{C}}^N(N{\geq}1)$ and let B (E) be the Banach algebra of all bounded linear operators on a Banach space E. Let $HV_b$ (G, E) and $HV_0$ (G, E) be the weighted locally convex spaces of vector-valued analytic functions. In this paper, we characterize self-analytic mappings ${\phi}:G{\rightarrow}G$ and operator-valued analytic mappings ${\Psi}:G{\rightarrow}B(E)$ which generate weighted composition operators and invertible weighted composition operators on the spaces $HV_b$ (G, E) and $HV_0$ (G, E) for different systems of weights V on G. Also, we obtained compact weighted composition operators on these spaces for some nice classes of weights.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.1208-1214
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• 2019

4th industrial age! 5G-based video content has changed rapidly. How do you view and understand VR/AR/MR/holograms in the age of convergent technology media represented by digital convergence in the 21st century beyond the modern visual system of Descartes? It predicts extension to an interactive visual system. This study proposes a methodology to visualize the Lacanian visual acuity after applying it to the L-System and to understand the visual system of the 21st century.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1166-1172
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• 2010

Kinesin-I exists as a tetramer of two heavy chains (KHCs, also called KIF5s), which contain the amino (N)-terminal motor domain and carboxyl (C)-terminal domain, as well as two light chains (KLCs), which bind to the KIF5s (KIF5A, KIF5B and KIF5C) stalk region. To identify the interaction proteins for KIF5A, yeast two-hybrid screening was performed and a specific interaction with the ${\beta}$ subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins ($G{\beta}$) was found. $G{\beta}$ bound to the amino acid residues between 808 and 935 of KIF5A and to other KIF5 members in the yeast two-hybrid assay. The WD40 repeat motif of $G{\beta}$ was essential for interaction with KIF5A. In addition, these proteins showed specific interactions in the glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down assay. An antibody to KIF5s specifically co-immunoprecipitated KIF5s associated with heterotrimeric G proteins from mouse brain extracts. These results suggest that kinesin-I motor protein transports heteroterimeric G protein attachment vesicles along microtubules in the cell.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.105-113
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• 2010

To investigate the restoration procedure on soil physical properties at the surface of visiting road affected by rest-year system. This study was carried out at visiting roads of stream of Chilsun in Jirisan. Mean soil strength in 20cm of soil depth was lower in the Rest-Year System areas (1.5-1.9 times in Site 2, 1.1-7.5 times in Site 3) than in the control (Site 1). Soil strength was recovered by the Rest-Year System in the national park. Mesopore rate (pF 2.7) in 0-15 cm of soil depth was higher in the Rest-Year System areas (1.2 times) than in the control. This indicates that mesopore rate is rapidly restoring in the Rest-Year System areas. Pore space rate in 0-7.5 cm of soil depth was higher in the Rest-Year System areas (23.2% in Site 2, 23.6% in Site 3) than in the control (22.4% in Site 1). Pore space rate in 7.5-15 cm of soil depth was also higher in the Rest-Year System areas (22.9% in Site 2 and Site 3) than in the control (18.9% in Site 1). Soil pore space was remediable by the Rest-Year System. Bulk density in 0-7.5 cm of soil depth was lower in the Rest-Year System areas (1.674g/$cm^3$ in Site 2, 1.668g/$cm^3$ in Site 3) than in the control (1.723g/$cm^3$ in Site 1). Bulk density in 7.5-15 cm of soil depth was lower in the Rest-Year System areas (1.785g/$cm^3$ in Site 2 and 1.721g/$cm^3$ in Site 3) than in the control (1.721g/$cm^3$ in Site 1). Soil bulk density was decreased in the Rest-Year System areas of the national park. Amount of soil erosion was lower in the Rest-Year System areas ($0.017m^3$/km/yr in site 2, $0.023m^3$/km/yr in site 3) than in the control ($0.054m^3$/km/yr in site 1).

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.319-331
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• 1998

The purposes of this study were to develop Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point plan applicable to cook/chilled Pork Bulkogi (broiled sliced pork with sauces) in school foodservice operations and to establish reasonable shelf-life limits by assessing food quality during chilled storage period of 5 days. During the product flow, time-temperature profile was recorded and microbiological analyses including mesophilic and psychrotrophic total plate counts, coliform, and fecal coliform and qualitative analyses of Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes were done. Chemical analyses (pH, acid value, total volatile basic nitrogen), sensory evaluation, and quantitative analysis of thiamin were conducted for 5 days of chilled storage. The number of mesophiles in raw pork ($4.26{\pm}0.11\;Log\;CFU/g$), seasoning mixture ($5.97{\pm}O.04\;Log\;CFU/g$) and marinated pork ($5.56{\pm}0.21\;Log\;CFU/g$) were below the microbial standards for "requires further cooking" food items. Listeria monocytogenes was detected in seasoning mixture. After heating, the number of mesophiles ($5.17{\pm}0.04\;Log\;CFU/g$) were slightly reduced but it did not meet the microbial guidelines of $5\;Log\;CFU/g$ for "ready-to-eat" foods. No other microbes including pathogens were detected. By reheating the menu item after chilled storage, the number of mesophiles were reduced in every phase of 1st day ($4.62{\pm}0.22\;Log\;CFU/g$), 3rd day ($4.55{\pm}0.20\;Log\;CFU/g$) and 5th day ($4.25{\pm}0.16\;Log\;CFU/g$) of chilled storage, and the number of microbes was below the standard limits for "ready-to-eat" foods. At the fifth day of chilled storage, pH (p<0.05), acid value (p<0.01) and TVBN (p<0.05) showed significant increases. Sensory evaluation results did not show any significant change for 5 days of chilled storage. Thiamin content showed a decrease for 5 days of chilled storage. Consequently, the ideal shelflife recommended for Pork Bulkogi was within 3 days of chilled storage. CCPs for Pork Bulkogi were purchasing and receiving of raw meat and some seasoning ingredients, heating, chilling, chilled storage, reheating, and distribution.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.46-59
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• 2022

The 5G MEC (Multi-access Edge Computing) technology offers network and computing functionalities that allow application services to improve in terms of network delay, bandwidth, and security, by locating the application servers closer to the users at the edge nodes within the 5G network. To offer its interoperability within various networks and user equipment, standardization of the 5G MEC technology has been advanced in ETSI, 3GPP, and ITU-T, primarily for the MEC platform, transport support, and MEC federation. This article offers a brief review of the standardization activities for 5G MEC technology and the details about the system architecture and functionalities developed accordingly.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.558-564
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• 2021

With the recent introduction of 5G, electromagnetic radiation sources are spreading throughout life, so it is necessary to establish a citizen-centered electromagnetic safety management system. In particular, the beamforming method of the 5G antenna increases the power density measurement of electromagnetic waves by more than 10 times when the wireless base station is installed, so it is unreasonable to determine the safety by physical measurement. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the presence or absence of electromagnetic wave safety in daily life through a predictive method by calculation through systematic model analysis. In this paper, in order to check the possibility of a 5G wireless base station using an electromagnetic wave numerical analysis tool as a way to solve this problem, we compared the measured values of the actual base stations and the predicted values through the prediction model to compare the reliability. A method of constructing a real-time base station electromagnetic wave strength prediction evaluation system combined with software was also proposed.