• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.17-24
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• 2013

본고에서는 세계전파통신회의(WRC: World Radio Conference)에서 IMT로 지정된 주파수 현황과 국내 이동통신 주파수 현황 및 계획을 알아본다. 또한 현재 시점에서 데이터 트래픽 증가 추세에 비추어 2020년 Beyond4G(5G)시대를 대비한 ITU(국제전기통신연합) 해당 표준화그룹의 소요량 예측 및 통신방식별 분담 율을 분석하였다. 주파수 수요예측에 따라 WRC-15에서 IMT 추가 주파수 지정 목적으로 진행하고 있는 위성, 방송, 과학 및 고정 등 기존업무와의 공유 연구 진행현황을 주파수 대역별로 살펴본다. 또한 도시 밀집 지역에서 대용량 데이터 전송을 위한 서비스 기술이 중요해진 시점에서 Beyond4G(5G) 시대를 위해 우리나라가 주도하고 있는 6GHz 이상 대역을 IMT로 활용하기 위한 활동을 소개한다. 마지막으로 WRC가 주파수를 분배 할당하는 방식인 '주파수 대역에 서비스 방식 지정'과 달리 '서비스 방식에 의한 주파수 대역 점유(예: LTE 기술표준(PS-LTE)을 PPDR대역에서 활용) 가능성'등 LTE 기술표준의 확산 추세에 대응하기 위해 5G시대에 준비할 사항에 대한 시사점을 언급하였다.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.24-32
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• 2023

The current Private 5G use procedure goes through the step of application examination, use and usage inspection, and can be divided in to application, examination step as a procedure before frequency allocation, and use, usage inspection step as a procedure after frequency allocation. Various types of documents are required to apply for a Private 5G, and due to the document screening process and radio station inspection for using Private 5G frequencies, the procedure for Private 5G applicants to use Private 5G is complicated and takes a considerable amount of time. In this paper, we proposed Frequency Allocation Process for Private 5G using a blockchain platform, which is fast and simplified than the current procedure. Through the use of a blockchain platform and NFT (Non-Fungible Token), reliability and integrity of the data required in the frequency allocation process were secured, and security of frequency usage information was maintained and a reliable Private 5G frequency allocation process was established. Also by applying the RPA system that minimizes human intervention, fairness was secured in the process of allocating Private 5G. Finally, the frequency allocation process of Private 5G based on the Ethereum blockchain was performed though a simulation.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.26 no.8
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• pp.679-689
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• 2015

The 5G mobile communication technologies have been extensively developed with the era of mobile broadband, but spectrum policy for this service has not yet set up. In this paper, We have investigated the 5G mobile service and analyzed the 5G spectrum policy taking the developing technologies into account. Based on the results of these analyses, We propose an expansion of spectrum sharing in the 3~5 GHz bands, spectrum harmonization of 5 GHz bands, and restructuring of spectrum management administration from currently three distributed management to centralized spectrum management structure.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.353-358
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• 2018

We herein analyze the service traffic characteristics and spectrum of the 5G mobile communication and suggest the effective 5G network deployment method for 5G mobile communication services. The data rates of the 5G mobile communication are from several kbps (voice and IoT) up to 1 Gbps (hologram, among others). The 5G mobile communication services show the diverse cell coverage environments owing to the use of diverse service data rates and multiple spectrum bands. To effectively support the 5G mobile communication services, the network deployment requires the optimization of the service coverages for new service environments and multiple spectrum bands. Considering the 5G spectrum bandwidth debated at present, if the 5G services of 100 Mbps can be supported in the 200 m cell edge using the 3.5 GHz spectrum bands, the 5G services of the 1 Gbps hologram and 500-Mbps 4k UHD can be supported in the cell edges of 50 m and 100 m using the 28 GHz spectrum bands. Therefore, the 5G services can be supported effectively by the 5G network deployment using spectrum portfolio configurations to match the diverse 5G services and multiple bands.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.693-704
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• 2022

5G service uses mid-band (n78) than existing mobile communication frequencies, so it is necessary to improve 5G coverage by utilizing low-band frequencies below 2 GHz. To this end, the application of Dynamic Spectrum Sharing technology of LTE and 5G-NR system using most of the low-band frequencies is required. In this paper, signaling overhead factors for DSS application and RF issues for terminal implementation are derived, and signaling overhead ratios from the respective perspectives of 5G-NR and LTE for the 1.8GHz band (50MHz width) that can utilize wide-bandwidth among low-band frequencies are estimated. Also handset RF issues were analyzed. Based on the analysis results, if DSS technology using low band is applied, it is expected that excellent 5G service quality can be provided due to 5G coverage improvement when LTE traffic quickly migrates to 5G-NR.

• The Proceeding of the Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.79-82
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• 2015

현재 IMT 용도의 주파수 포화로 인해, 새로운 주파수 대역을 확보 예정에 있다. 새로운 주파수 대역에서 새로운 서비스를 개시하기 위해서는 그 주파수 대역을 사용하고 있는 기존 시스템과의 공유연구가 필요하다. 본고에서는 5G의 후보 주파수 대역으로 주목을 받고 있는 밀리미터 대역에서 고정통신과의 간섭 효과를 분석하여 보여준다.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.137-147
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• 2020

This paper proposes printed bow-tie antennas with 3 ~ 5 GHz broadband characteristics were proposed for testing the electromagnetic immunity of automotive electrical components in the 5G frequency band. The antenna get -10 dB bandwidth in the 2.75 ~ 6 GHz frequency band and the broadside radiation pattern with S₁₁ characteristic of -16.2 dB at resonant frequency. In testing electromagnetic immunity in the 5G mobile communication frequency band, the VSWR characteristic remained below 2.1, forming a level of 1 W as proposed by international standards. As a result, it is confirmed that the proposed antenna can be applied to antenna testing for electromagnetic immunity verification in the 5G mobile communication frequency band.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1-16
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• 2019

The paper presents five strategic opinions for promoting the fourth industry revolution through the supply of 5G additional frequency. The assessments are on the basis of 5G frequency utilization technologies and services, with reference to 3GPP 5G New Radio standards, after investigating the domestic 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G mobile communication services as well as the use of mobile radio frequency and spectrum. The presented opinions contain the frequency supply of contiguous-wide bandwidth channels, harmonized frequency supply between licensed and unlicensed spectrum, the existing 4G frequency recycle for increasing 5G coverage and capacity, balance frequency supply in the multi-band for 5G services, and the development of 5G vertical frequency for industry. The aim is that the presented five strategic opinions can offer guidance for the upcoming plan of domestic 5G additional frequency supply.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.100-113
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• 2023

This study was aimed to derive implications in terms of competition to establish a reasonable spectrum policy for fifth-generation (5G) spectrum allocation through an in-depth analysis of C-band spectrum auctions. As a result of examining auctions in five countries, namely, Belgium, Sweden, Canada, Brazil, and Hong Kong, we identified various characteristics. First, the minimum bandwidth that is essential for service competition is guaranteed. Second, in Brazil, the network construction cost of mobile network operators is regarded as a part of the spectrum price. Third, a joint allocation of spectrum is permitted in Sweden, and spectrum sharing after allocation for 5G services is allowed in Canada. Finally, the reserved spectrum is provided for new service providers in Belgium and Canada. Our findings may provide insights for establishing policies of 5G spectrum allocation and competition in the telecommunications service market in Korea.

• Information and Communications Magazine
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.3-12
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• 2015

모바일 UHD, 초다시점 영상, 증강/가상현실 등 실감형 서비스를 통한 체험하고 즐기는 실감 올림픽을 위해 기가급 데이터 전송이 가능한 모바일 인프라가 토대가 되어야 한다. 최근 이동통신은 2020년 상용화를 목표로 5G 이동통신 연구, 개발 및 표준화 경쟁이 활발히 진행 중이다. 5G 이동통신은 1000 배의 전송속도 향상을 통해 언제 어디서나 사용자에게 1 Gbps 전송속도의 서비스를 제공하는 것을 핵심 성능지표로 고려하고 있다. 1000 배의 전송속도 향상을 위한 기술적 해결 방향으로 추가 주파수 확보, 주파수 효율 개선, 네트워크 밀집도 증대가 고려되고 있으며, 세 가지 해결 방향을 동시에 만족시키는 기술로 밀리미터파 액세스 기술이 5G 이동통신의 핵심 기술로 주목받고 있다. 본고에서는 밀리미터파 5G 이동통신 기술에 대해 소개한다. 5G 이동통신 기술의 큰 축으로 밀리미터파 액세스 기술이 주목받고 있는 이유에 대해 기술하고, 밀리미터파 5G 이동통신 동향에 대해 소개한다. 5G 이동통신 시스템 측면에서 밀리미터파 5G 이동통신 기술의 도입 시나리오에 대해 예측해보고, 밀리미터파 5G 이동통신을 실현하기 위한 RF 기술, 물리계층 기술, 상위계층 기술에 대해 기술한다.