• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
• /
• v.40 no.3
• /
• pp.177-185
• /
• 2006

Purpose: Purpose of this study is to synthesize $^{99m}Tc$-labeled transferrin for injection imaging and to compare it with $^{67}Ga$-titrate for the detection of infectious foci. Materials and methods: Succinimidyl 6-hydrazino-nicotinate hydrochloride-chitosan-transferrin (Transferrin) was synthesized and radiolabeled with $^{99m}Tc$. Labeling efficiencies of $^{99m}Tc$-Transferrin were determined at 10 min, 30 min, 1 hr, 2 hr, 4 hr and 8 hr. Biodistribution and imaging studies with $^{99m}Tc$-Transferrin and $^{67}Ga$-citrate were performed in a rat abscess model induced with approximately $2{\times}10^8$ colony forming unit of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Results: Successful synthesis of Transferrin was confirmed by mass spectrometry. Labeling efficiency of $^{99m}Tc$-Transferrin was $96.2{\pm}0.7%,\;96.4{\pm}0.5%,\;96.6{\pm}1.0%,\;96.9{\pm}0.5%,\;97.0{\pm}0.7%\;and\;95.5{\pm}0.7%$ at 10 min, 30 min, 1 hr, 2 hr, 4 hr and 8 hr, respectively. The injected dose per tissue gram of $^{99m}Tc$-Transferrin was $0.18{\pm}0.01\;and\;0.18{\pm}0.01$ in the lesion and $0.05{\pm}0.01\;and\;0.04{\pm}0.01$ in the normal muscle, and lesion-to-normal muscle uptake ratio was $3.7{\pm}0.6\;and\;4.7{\pm}0.4$ at 30 min and 3 hr, respectively. On image, lesion-to-background ratio of $^{99m}Tc$-Transferrin was $2.18{\pm}0.03,\;2.56{\pm}0.11,\;3.08{\pm}0.18,\;3.77{\pm}0.17,\;4.70{\pm}0.45\;and\;5.59{\pm}0.40$ at 10 min, 30 min, 1 hr, 2 hr, 4 hr and 10 hr and those of $^{67}Ga$-citrate was $3.06{\pm}0.84,\;4.12{\pm}0.54\;and\;4.55{\pm}0.74 $ at 2 hr, 24 hr and 48 hr, respectively. Conclusion: Transferrin is successfully labeled with $^{99m}Tc$, and its labeling efficiency was higher than 95% and stable for 8 hours. $^{99m}Tc$-Transferrin scintigraphy showed higher image quality in shorter time compared to $^{67}Ga$-citrate image. $^{99m}Tc$-transferrin is supposed to be useful in the detection of the infectious foci.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.46 no.1
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2019

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of different concentration of ethanol extraction on the total phenol and flavonoid contents and physiological activities. The total phenol content of the extracts ranged from 35.54 to 71.52 mg GAE/g. An increase in the ethanol concentration of the solvent led to an increase in the phenol content, with the highest content being found in the 80 and 99.5% ethanol extract. The same trend was observed for flavonoid content. DPPH, nitric oxide, superoxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and TEAC, FRAP and ORAC were measured by antioxidant assay. Radical scavenging activity of aqueous ethanol extracts was better than that of water and 99.5% ethanol extracts. TEAC and FRAP were highly dependent on ethanol concentration and ORAC showed high activity in 40 ~ 80% ethanol extract. Antioxidant activity of Dolwoe leaves tea showed different results among the assay systems. In most experiments, the activities of water and 99.5% ethanol extracts was relatively low. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase inhibitory activity and microorganism inhibitory activity were highest in the 80% and 99.5% ethanol extracts. Therefore, it was considered that extraction with 80% ethanol was appropriate when considering the antioxidative and physiological activities of Dolwoe leaves tea. Based on these results, it can be used as a basic data for the development of food of Dolwoe leaves tea.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.54-61
• /
• 2000

We studied the adsorption characteristics on the treatment process of heavy metal wastewater by using cuttle fish bones powder. When adding the 0.25% cuttle fish born powder in the heavy metal solution, $Fe^{3+}$ and $Pb^{2+}$ were high removed than other heavy metals as above 95%. In the solution which was adjusted to pH 5, 7 and 9, there was not observed the difference thing on the heavy metal removal rate. At test using plating wastewater treatment, adding 1%, 1.5% and 2% of the cuttle fish born powder, the heavy metal removal rate were as follows; Zn 12.5 - 37.5%, Mn 18.0 - 62.2%, Cd 36.8 -93.0%, Cu 51.4 - 97.4%, Cr 70.8 - 99.1%, Fe 87.2 - 99.3% and Pb 92.8 - 99.9%. When adding the 0.15% cuttle fish born powder and mixing for 20 minutes, the solution was happened the adsorption equability. Applied this results to the Freundlich＇s iso-thermal equation, we found the cuttle fish born＇s probability as a good adsorbent.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
• /
• v.43 no.2
• /
• pp.97-103
• /
• 2020

This study was conducted by SPECT test at the Department of Nuclear Medicine at Daegu P Hospital from June 1 to October 31, 2019. A 3-way injection material was mounted among inpatients, and a syringe that was administered with radiopharmaceuticals using a ^99mTc labeled compound was secured. We tried to find a way to calculate the dose rate of each radiopharmaceutical and increase the dose rate. As a result of measuring the radioactivity of radio-pharmaceuticals using ^99mTc, the average dose rate of 60 syringes of all 6 radiopharmaceuticals was 93.26±7.34%, and the average dose rate of ^99mTc-DMSA was 77.72%, 15.54% lower than the total. As a way to increase the dosing rate, the average dose rate diluted twice with the remaining amount of syringe after administration using normal saline increased to 95.37±6.99%, and the average dose rate diluted three times increased to 96.32±6.86%. The corresponding sample t-test to compare the pre- and post-dose rates at 1 dilution and 2 and 3 dilutions. As a result of the dilution and 2 dilutions, the probability of significance was 0.013, which was significantly higher than the dilution(p<0.05). The probability of significance for dilution 1 and dilution 3 was 0.016, which was significantly higher than in one dilution(p<0.05). The sum of the average dose rate using the experimental 3-way line was the highest with 98.85±1.42% of ^99mTc, ^99mTc-ECD 98.82±1.26%, ^99mTc-Mebrofenin 98.82 ± 1.16%, ^99mTc-HDP 98.74 ± 1.91%, ^99mTc -MIBI was 98.69 ± 1.48%, and ^99mTc-DMSA was the lowest with 86.47 ± 4.74%. When the number of dilutions was 5 times using 0.5 cc of normal saline and when the number of dilutions was 5 times using 1 cc of normal saline, when the number of dilutions was 5 times using 0.5 cc of normal saline and 1 cc of nomal saline When the number of dilutions was 5 times and the syringe volume was 0.5 cc, there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference when the number of dilutions was 5 times using 1 cc of nomal saline and the number of dilutions was 5 times using 1 cc of normal saline, and the syringe volume was 0.5 cc (p<0.05).

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.54 no.6
• /
• pp.100-105
• /
• 2017

This work presents an ECG biometric recognition system for the purpose of biometric authentication. ECG biometric approaches are divided into two major categories, fiducial-based and non-fiducial-based methods. This paper proposes a new non-fiducial framework using discrete cosine transform and a Random Forest classifier. When using DCT, most of the signal information tends to be concentrated in a few low-frequency components. In order to apply feature vector of Random Forest, DCT feature vectors of ECG heartbeats are constructed by using the first 40 DCT coefficients. RF is based on the computation of a large number of decision trees. It is relatively fast, robust and inherently suitable for multi-class problems. Furthermore, it trade-off threshold between admission and rejection of ID inside RF classifier. As a result, proposed method offers 99.9% recognition rates when tested on MIT-BIH NSRDB.

• Resources Recycling
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.48-54
• /
• 2005

Solvent extraction and chemical reduction experiments have been performed to separate iron and nickel from a spent FeCl$_3$ etching solution and to recover nickel metal. It was possible to separate iron and nickel by extracting the spent solution with Alamine336. At the O/A ratio of 7:1, iron extraction percentage of 99% was obtained. In the stripping of the loaded organic with 0.01 M HCl solution, iron stripping percentage of 99% was obtained when the A/O ratio was 7:1. When the pH of the raffinate was controlled to be 10.5, nickel metal powder with 99% purity was obtained by using hydrazine as a reducing agent at 100$^{\circ}C$. A process was suggested to recover nickel metal from the spent FeCl$_3$ solution and to regenerate etching solution.

• Journal of Species Research
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.210-221
• /
• 2018

Eight bacterial strains assigned to the phylum Firmicutes were isolated from the soil samples in Korea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains 18JY14-16, 18JY14-35, 18JY42-5, 18JY12-20, 18JY35-8, 18JY76-9, 18JY39-1 and 18JY54-12 were most closely related to Paenibacillus lupini (MH497638; 99.4%), Paenibacillus illinoisensis (MH497643; 99.8%), Paenibacillus tundrae (MH497658; 99.7%), Paenibacillus selenitireducens (MH497639; 99.4%), Paenibacillus eucommiae (MH 497640; 99.9%), Paenibacillus vini (MH497654; 99.4%), Paenibacillus gorillae (MH497647; 99.5%), and Paenibacillus macquariensis (MH497649; 99.9%) respectively. These Paenibacillus species were Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped and radiation resistant bacteria. This is the first report of these nine bacterial species in Korea.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.53 no.2
• /
• pp.137-144
• /
• 2015

The present paper deals with the extractive separation and selective recovery of nickel and lithium from the sulfate leachate of cathode scrap generated during the manufacture of LIBs. The conditions for extraction, scrubbing and stripping of nickel from lithium were optimized with an aqueous feed containing $2.54kg{\cdot}m^{-3}$ Ni and $4.82kg{\cdot}m^{-3}$ Li using PC-88A. Over 99.6% nickel was extracted with $0.15kmol{\cdot}m^{-3}$ PC-88A in two counter-current stages at O/A=1 and pH=6.5. Effective scrubbing Li from loaded organic was systematically studied with a dilute $Na_2CO_3$ solution ($0.10kmol{\cdot}m^{-3}$). The McCabe-Thiele diagram suggests two counter-current scrubbing stages are required at O/A=2/3 to yield lithium-scrubbing efficiency of 99.6%. The proposed process showed advantages of simplicity, and high purity (99.9%) nickel sulfate recovery along with lithium to ensure the complete recycling of the waste from LIBs manufacturing process.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.54 no.4
• /
• pp.1449-1455
• /
• 2022

A radiotracer investigation was carried out in a Thermal Stratification Test Facility (TSTF) with objectives of investigating the dispersion and diffusion of radionuclide and effectiveness of the thermocline to minimize the radionuclide content in the hot water layer. Technetium-99m (^99mTc) as sodium pertechnetate was used as a radiotracer in the investigation. Qualitative analysis showed that a thermocline is formed within the TSTF and is effective in preventing the transport of radionuclide from bottom section to the top section of the facility. It was found that the radiotracer injected at the bottom of the pool took about 17.4 h to disperse from bottom to the top of the facility. The results of the investigation helped in understanding the effectiveness of hot water layer and thus to minimize the pool top radiation levels.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.125-131
• /
• 2013

This study was carried out to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics of Pimpinella brachycarpa Nakai with treatments methods. Pimpinella brachycarpa Nakai was prepared with washing, blanching, and steaming. Pimpinella brachycarpa Nakai samples were analysed proximate compositions, ${\beta}$-carotene, folic acid, minerals, polyphenol and flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity. Crude protein, lipid, ash and fiber content of raw Pimpinella brachycarpa Nakai were 24.43, 9.02, 17.74, and 33.50%, respectively. pH ranged from 6.49 in blanched Pimpinella brachycarpa Nakai to 5.99 in steamed Pimpinella brachycarpa Nakai. The Hunter L value was decreased with heat treatment and a- value showed that the green color was higher in steamed Pimpinella brachycarpa Nakai. ${\beta}$-Carotene content was increased to 18% in washed Pimpinella brachycarpa Nakai, 54% in blanched Pimpinella brachycarpa Nakai, and 10% in steamed Pimpinella brachycarpa Nakai. Folic acid content of washed, raw, steamed, and blanched Pimpinella brachycarpa Nakai were 848.87, 772.16, 271.54, and 260.74 mg/100 g, respectively. Major minerals were K, Ca, Na, and Mg, and K content had the highest value of 93.13~244.38 mg/100 g with treatment. Total polyphenol and flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity were higher in the order of blanched, steamed, washed, and raw Pimpinella brachycarpa Nakai.