• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.99-110
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• 2012

Comparison on the genomic structure and phylogenetic relationship of the Hsp88 genes from P. tenuipes Jochoen-1, P. tenuipes, C. militaris and C. pruinosa was described. The Hsp88 genes from the three entomopathogenic strains, P. tenuipes Jocheon-1(strain), P. tenuipes(original species), and C. militaris contain the identical genomic structure, namely 5 introns and 6 exons with the length of 13, 62, 32, 1,438, 306, 288 nucleotides encoding 713 amino acid residues, whereas in case of C. pruinosa, it contains 4 introns and 5 exons with the length of 13, 62, 32, 1,744, 288 nucleotides encoding 713 amino acid residues. The genomic DNA length of the Hsp88 genes from P. tenuipes Jocheon-1 and P. tenuipes are both 2,600 nucleotides long in size. The Hsp88 genes from C. militaris and C. pruinosa are 2,582, 2,576 nucleotides long in size, respectively. Hsp88 genes of the P. tenuipes Jochoen-1, P. tenuipes, C. militaris and C. pruinosa also contain the conserved ATP-binding domain. Phylogenetic analysis of the Hsp genes of the four strains tested in this study showed that the fungal Hsp88 is divided into two separate clades, ascomycetes and deutromycete. Within the ascomycetes fungal clade, the P. tenuipes Jochoen-1 and P. tenuipes formed a subgroup, on the other hand, C. militaris and C. pruinosa formed another subgroup. Pair-wise comparison of P. tenuipes Jocheon-1 Hsp88 with those of P. tenuipes, C. militaris and C. pruinosa Hsp88s revealed significant identity in deduced amino acid sequence among these strains. The P. tenuipes Jocheon-1 Hsp88 showed 99% identity with the P. tenuipes, 97% identity with the C. militaris, and 98% identity with the C. pruinosa.

• Mycobiology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2000

The nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of the ribosomal DNA including the 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) have been determined for 11 species in order to analyze their intrageneric relationships. The total length of these sequences ranged from 530 nucleotides for Trichoderma reesei KCTC 1286 to 553 nucleotide for Trichoderma koningii IAM 12534. Generally speaking, the length of ITS1 region was about 30 nucleotides longer than that of the ITS2 region. Also, the sequences of 5.8S rDNA were more conserved in length and variation than those of ITS regions. Although the variable ITS sequences were often ambiguously aligned, the conserved sites were also found. Thus, a neighbor-joining tree was constructed using the full sequence data of the ITS regions and the 5.8S rDNA. The Trichoderma genus used to be grouped on the basis of the morphological features and especially the shape of phialides needs to be reexamined. The phylogenetic tree displayed the presence of monophylogeny in the species of Trichoderma. Therefore, it was difficult to distinguish the intrageneric relationships in the Trichoderma genus.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.317-321
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• 1972

Octopus Octopus vulgaris was dried with open air at $17{\sim}20^{\circ}C$ for 90 hours. Nucleotides and related substances were collected by extraction with cold perchloric acid, and their amounts were determined by ion exchange column chromatography. The contents of inosine, hypoxanthine and ADP in raw sample were 9.4, 5.1 and 4.1 ${\mu}mole/g{\cdot}dry\;wt.$ respectively. ATP and AMP were very low in content. But IMP was not detected in Octopus muscle. ATP, ADP and inosine tended to degrade rapidly during sun drying while AMP and hypoxanthine were increased. Especially, hypoxanthine were increased about three times during sun drying and also it was increased about two times during three months storage after sun drying.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.58-61
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• 2010

CpG is the pair of nucleotides C and G, appearing successively, in this order, along one DNA strand. It is known that due to biochemical considerations CpG is relatively rare in most DNA sequences. However, in particular subsequences, which are a few hundred to a few thousand nucleotides long, the couple CpG is more frequent. These subsequences, called CpG islands, are known to appear in biologically more significant parts of the genome. The ability to identify CpG islands along a chromosome will therefore help us spot its more significant regions of interest, such as the promoters or 'start' regions of many genes. In this respect, I developed the CpG islands search tool, CpG Islands Detector, which was implemented in JAVA to be run on any platform. The window-based graphical user interface of CpG Islands Detector may facilitate the end user to employ this tool to pinpoint CpG islands in a genomic DNA sequence. In addition, this tool can be used to highlight potential genes in genomic sequences since CpG islands are very often found in the 5' regions of vertebrate genes.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.29 no.8
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• pp.1152-1158
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• 2016

Morphological and physiological alterations occur in the digestive system of weanling piglets, compromising the performance in subsequent phases. This experiment aimed at verifying the influence of glutamine, glutamate and nucleotides on the carbon turnover in the pancreas and liver of piglets weaned at 21 days of age. Four diets were evaluated: glutamine, glutamic acid or nucleotides-free diet (CD); containing 1% glutamine (GD); containing 1% glutamic acid (GAD) and containing 1% nucleotides (ND). One hundred and twenty-three piglets were utilized with three pigs slaughtered at day zero (weaning day) and three at each one of the experimental days (1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 13, 20, 27, and 49 post-weaning), in order to collect organ samples, which were analyzed for the ${\delta}^{13}C$ isotopic composition and compared by means of time. No differences were found (p>0.05) among treatments for the turnover of the $^{13}C$ in the pancreas ($T_{50%}$ = 13.91, 14.37, 11.07, and 9.34 days; $T_{95%}$ = 46.22, 47.73, 36.79, and 31.04 days for CD, GD, GAD, and ND, respectively). In the liver, the ND presented accelerated values of carbon turnover ($T_{50%}=7.36$ and $T_{95%}=24.47days$) in relation to the values obtained for the GD ($T_{50%}=10.15$ and $T_{95%}=33.74days$). However, the values obtained for the CD ($T_{50%}=9.12$ and $T_{95%}=30.31days$) and GAD ($T_{50%}=7.83$ and $T_{95%}=26.03days$) had no differences (p>0.05) among other diets. The technique of $^{13}C$ isotopic dilution demonstrated trophic action of nucleotides in the liver.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 2021

During blood vessel damage, an essential step in the hemostatic process is platelet activation. However, it is important to properly control platelet activation, as various cardiovascular diseases, such as stroke, atherosclerosis, and myocardial infarction, are also caused by excessive platelet activation. Found primarily in the roots of plants of the genus Artemisia or Scopolia, isoscopoletin has been studied to demonstrate its potential pharmacological effects against Alzheimer's disease and anticancer, but the mechanisms and roles involved in thrombus formation and platelet aggregation are insufficient. This study investigated the effect of isoscopoletin on U46619-induced human platelet activation. As a result, isoscopoletin significantly increased the levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) dose-dependently. In addition, isoscopoletin significantly phosphorylated inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R) and vasodilator-stimulated phosphprotein (VASP), which are known substrates for cAMP-dependent kinases and cGMP-dependent kinases. Phosphorylated IP3R by isoscopoletin inhibited Ca2+ mobilization from the dense tubular system Ca2+ channels to cytosol, and phosphorylated VASP was involved in the inhibition of fibrinogen binding through αIIb/β3 inactivation in the platelet membrane. Isoscopoletin finally reduced thrombin-induced fibrin clotting production. Therefore, this study suggests that isoscopoletin has a potent antiplatelet effect and may be helpful for platelet-related thrombotic diseases.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.279-294
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• 2002

The anchovy, Engraulis japonica, were prepared with two different salt concentration of 20%, 10% which was added 2, 5, 5 and 10 % of grind garlic(LSA 1, 2, 3, 4) and garlic juice(LSB 1, 2, 3, 4), respectively. The experimental samples were taken at 30, 60, 90 and 110 days fermentation, which were analyzed VBN(volatile basic nitrogen), amino acids, nucleotides and their related compounds and amino acids. VBN increased rapidly until 110 days fermentation, its contents in samples containing of 10% salt(CB) were increased about 2.4 times as compared with those of 30 days fermentation. And then its contents of 110 days fermented samples increased at average 2.3 times more than 30 days fermented samples containing grind garlic of 2, 5, 8% and garlic juice of 2%. Nucleotide and their related compounds were detected AMP, UMP, IMP, inosine and hypoxanthine. Hypoxanthine was dominants in all samples and increased steadily during fermentation of anchovy. The contents of composition amino acids decreased gradually during it's fermentation, but those content decreased 33% in CO group, 42% in the CB group and 38%(average) in the other garlic added low salt groups.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.126-127
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• 1995

A Zymomonas mobilis DNA fragment consisting of 207 nucleotides, which corresponded to the 5'-flanking region of an adhB gene encoding alcohol dehydrogenase II, was fused to the structural gene coding for a Bacillus endo-.betha.--1, 4-glucanase. The Z. mobilis DNA framgment waw identified to promote 50-fold increase in the expression of endo-.betha.1. 4 glucanase gene in Escherichia coli.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.58-64
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• 1993

DNA addicts induced by putative chemical related to carcinogenesis were detected and determined by $^{32}$P-Postlabelling assay after exposure of 4 compounds comprising two auto dyes (amaranth, new coccine) and two flavonoid compounds (rutin, quercetin) to ICR mouse. DNA was isolated from mouse liver and digested enzymatically to deoxyribonucleoside 3'-monophosphate. The postincubation of DNA digests with nuclease Pl before $^{32}$P-labelling enhanced the technique's sensitivity. Nuclease Pl cleaves deoxyribonucleoside 3'-mono-phosphates of normal nucleotides to deoxyrihonucleosides which do not serve as substrates for polynucleotide kinase, while most of addicts were found to be totally or partially resistant to the 3'-dephosphorylating action of nuclease Pl. The adducted deoxyribonucleoside 3'-monophosphate was converted to 5'-$^{32}$P-labelled deoxynucleoside 3',5'-bisphosphate by T4 polynucleotide kinase. The nucleotides were separated by anion-exchange thin layer chromatography(TLC) on polyethyleneimine cellulose by 4-dimensional or 2-dimensional TLC then detected by autoradiography. The results show that DNA addicts were detected in liver DNA of ICR mouse after administration of amaranth and quercetin by 2-dimensional and/or 4-dimensional TLC.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.376-380
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• 2010

Mushrooms(Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus and Flammulina velutipes) are popular food sources in Korea, and have been reported as therapeutic foods, useful for preventing various diseases. In this study we researched HPLC conditions for the determination of nucleic acids in extracts of the three type of mushrooms. The method for nucleic acids analysis of mushrooms was developed using HPLC with UV detection. To determine the nucleic acids, mushroom extracts were extracted in hot water at $90^{\circ}C$ by reflux extraction for 1 hr. Then, the extracts were hydrolyzed by enzymes RP-1G and 50000G. The HPLC conditions were simple, rapid, and sensitive, and were applicable for the analysis of 4 nucleosides(cytidine, uridine, guanosine and inosine) and 3 mono-nucleotides(5'-CMP, 5'-UMP, and 5'-IMP) in the mushrooms. The nucleic acids in the mushrooms were cytidine, guanosine, inosine, uridine, 5'-CMP, 5'-IMP, and 5'-UMP. The analysis results for total nucleic acids in the mushroom extracts(Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus, and Flammulina velutipes) indicated levels of 25.28, 27.75, and 19.87 mg/g, respectively. In conclusion, this method can be used successfully for qualitative and quantitative analysis of nucleic acids in Pleurotus ostreatus, Agaricus bisporus, and Flammulina velutipes.