• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.310-339
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• 2015

In this paper, the possibility of a terrestrial fixed 4K UHD (Ultra High Definition) and mobile HD (High Definition) convergence broadcasting service through a single channel employing the FEF (Future Extension Frame) multiplexing technique in DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting)-T2 (Second Generation Terrestrial) systems is examined. The performance of such a service is also investigated. FEF multiplexing technology can be used to adjust the FFT (fast Fourier transform) and CP (cyclic prefix) size for each layer, whereas M-PLP (Multiple-Physical Layer Pipe) multiplexing technology in DVB-T2 systems cannot. The convergence broadcasting service scenario, which can provide fixed 4K UHD and mobile HD broadcasting through a single terrestrial channel, is described, and transmission requirements of the SHVC (Scalable High Efficiency Video Coding) technique are predicted. A convergence broadcasting transmission system structure is described by employing FEF and transmission technologies in DVB-T2 systems. Optimized transmission parameters are drawn to transmit 4K UHD and HD convergence broadcasting by employing a convergence broadcasting transmission structure, and the reception performance of the optimized transmission parameters under AWGN (additive white Gaussian noise), static Brazil-D, and time-varying TU (Typical Urban)-6 channels is examined using computer simulations to find the TOV (threshold of visibility). From the results, for the 6 and 8 MHz bandwidths, reliable reception of both fixed 4K UHD and mobile HD layer data can be achieved under a static fixed and very fast fading multipath channel.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.53 no.12
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• pp.50-56
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• 2016

This paper proposes the architecture and design of intra prediction circuit for a multi-decoder supporting UHD images. The proposed circuit supports not only the latest video compression standard HEVC but also H.264. In addition to the basic function of performing intra prediction, this circuit has the capability of performing the reference sample filter operation defined in the H.264 standard, and the smoothing and strong sample filter operations defined in the HEVC standard. We reduced the circuit size by sharing the circuit blocks for common operations and internal storage, and improved the circuit performance by parallel processing. The proposed circuit was described at RTL using Verilog HDL and its functionality was verified by using NC-Verilog of Cadence. The RTL circuit was synthesized by using Design Compiler of Synopsys and 130nm standard cell library. The synthesized gate-level circuit consists of 69,694 gates and processes 100 ~ 280 frames per second for 4K-UHD HEVC images at the maximum operation frequency of 157MHz.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.249-260
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• 2013

Recently, High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) has been developed as a new video coding standard mainly focusing on the coding of ultra high definition (UHD) videos as the high resolution and high quality videos are getting more popular. Furthermore, the scalable extension of HEVC is being standardized for more efficient provision of HD and UHD services in the communications-broadcasting convergence environment. In this paper, we propose an improved scalable video coding method of H.264/AVC to achieve high coding efficiency particularly for UHD and HD videos. The basic idea is to allow large block size in H.264/AVC SVC, which results in more efficient inter-layer prediction and syntax elements coding. The experimental results show that it achieves an average 4.53% reduction in BD-rate relative to H.264/AVC SVC.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2012.07a
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• pp.447-450
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• 2012

본 논문은 최근 수요와 관심이 급증하고 있는 초고선명 4K-UHD 영상의 방송TV 서비스 도입시에 영상의 시청환경 및 신호규격 선정의 가이드라인을 제공하는 것을 목표로 HEVC 코덱(HM5.0 참조 소프트웨어)으로 부/복호화 한 4K-UHD 영상에 대한 주관적 화질평가를 결과를 제시한다. ITU-R BT.500의 권고에 따라 DSIS 방법으로 실험 하였으며, 원본 영상 대비 목표 비트율(18, 23, 36 Mbps), 컬러 포맷(YUV444, YUV420), 시청거리(0.75H, 1.5H) 변화에 따른 주관적 화질 평기를 수행하였다. 실험결과 시청거리가 가깝고 비트율이 18Mbps로 낮게 책정한 조건에서도 평균 의사 점수(MOS)는 4.65로서 피 실험자들은 화질 차이를 거의 느끼지 못하는 것으로 나다났다. 또한 동일한 비트율 조건에서 컬러 포맷을 YUV444와 YUV420에 대한 비교 실험에서 각각 MOS 값은 4.71과 4.81로 측정 되었으며, 평가자들은 채도(Chrominance)의 해상도 보다 전체적인 PSNR이 높을수록 높은 MOS 값을 주었다. 이는 동일 비트율 대비 YUV444보다 YUV420의 컬러 포맷이 더 높은 주관적 화질을 가짐을 의미한다. 본 실험을 통해 HEVC 코덱을 사용하여 현재의 방송 대역폭 조건에 UHD 영상도 충분히 고품질로 전송 가능하며, 영상의 컬러 포맷은 YUV420가 YUV444 방식보다 동일 비트율 대비 더 높은 화질을 가질 것이라고 예상 할 수 있다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.621-642
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• 2021

In this paper, the subjective video quality assessment of the content quality was to examine by the assessors about the three content quality of HD, Up-scaling UHD, 4K UHD Native that is currently broadcasted. The comparative assessment was conducted using three types of TV sets, 55, 65, 75 inches, at a distance of 2.5 meters which is the distance of watching TV in general households. Among the participants who took part in the video quality evaluating experiment and the questionnaire survey, the answering data of the final 169 persons were adopted after removing the data of 4 persons who answered inadequately in the evaluation of the video quality. The effects of gender, preference of program genre, size of TV sets were analyzed statistically using SPSS 25.0 analysis package. In addition to these, the objective video quality assessment through the measuring instrument was performed, and compared with the results of subjective video quality assessment.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.59-63
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• 2021

In order to broadcast 8K UHD, domestic broadcasting is upgrading production, operation, and transmission technologies in a new way that has various forms such as terrestrial broadcasting, IPTV, mobile, and streaming services. In order to overcome the existing SDI transmission technology that has reached its limit, new transmission technologies using ICT-based convergence such as IT, Network, IOT, and Big Data are developing. Internet Protocol(IP) transmission technology is an IT-based core protocol that transcends various broadcasting infrastructures. Therefore, it can be said that the technology for converting the broadcasting system based on IP is a natural one for preparing for 8K UHD in the future. In this paper, we propose an IP transmission system that adopts a network that can transmit 8K with hardware of 12G Serial Digital Interface (SDI), in order to prepare for the future broadcasting system according to the development of ALL IP interface technology.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2016.06a
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• pp.258-259
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• 2016

일반적으로 UHD 방송 편집 시스템에서 UHD 영상의 데이터양이 막대하기 때문에 실시간 전송을 위해 코덱과 함께 압축하여 편집 서버로 혹은 편집 서버로부터 스트림 형태로 전송한다. BT.1120 형태로 전송 송출된 SDI (Serial Digital Interface) 내장 음향 데이터는 영상과 달리 보조 데이터 영역에 다른 메타 데이터들과 함께 합성되어 전송 송출되기 때문에 추출 및 합성이 상대적으로 어렵다. 특히 재생을 위해서는 영상 코덱으로부터의 출력 영상과의 동기를 고려해야 하고 음향 데이터를 BT.1120 표준에 맞춰 보조 데이터 영역에 합성해야하기 때문에 개발에 어려움이 있다. 이에 본 논문은 UHD 영상/음향 데이터의 실시간 획득/재생 시스템에서의 SDI 내장 음향 데이터의 추출 및 합성을 위한 FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) 기반 하드웨어 플랫폼을 제안하였다. 또한, 이를 위한 음향 데이터 추출 로직과 합성 로직을 HDL(Hardware Design Language) 설계하여 FPGA 내에 탑재하고 카메라/디스플레이/편집 서버와 통합하였다. 시험 결과 4K 60fps 데이터에서 정상적으로 영상과 음향을 분리/획득 및 합성/재생하였다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.26-39
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• 2015

UHD (Ultra High Definition) has been developed and standardized over the past few years and considered as a key of the next generation broadcasting. Since major sporting events that attract many viewers have been good opportunities for applying and promoting new broadcasting technology, KBS (Korean Broadcasting System) has carried out live 4K terrestrial broadcasting of three big sports events in 2014, the KBL (Korean Basketball League) finals, the 2014 FIFA World Cup, and the 2014 Incheon Asian Games. Especially, 4K UHD live coverage of the KBL finals was the world's first live 4K terrestrial broadcasting, and people could enjoy the World Cup and the Asian Games with UHDTV at home. In this paper, the overall live production and data transmission of the sporting events is described, including on-location live production, live HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding) encoding, SFN (Single Frequency Network) transmission, as well as experimental IP transmission of uncompressed 4K video via KREONET, a national R&D network run by KISTI (Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information).

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2017.11a
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• pp.8-10
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• 2017

지상파 UHD 방송은 시청자에게 기존 HD 방송화면보다 4배 더 선명한 영상 서비스를 제공하며, 광대역 통신망과 결합한 홈포탈(Home Portal) 서비스를 통해서 다양한 부가서비스를 지상파 방송과 함께 제공할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 지상파 UHD TV 방송과 연계된 360도 가상현실(VR; Virtual Reality) 부가서비스 시스템과 이를 효과적으로 시청하기 위한 사용자환경을 제안한다. 방송의 ESG(Electronic Service Guide)를 통해 시청자는 VR 부가서비스임을 확인하고 스마트 단말기 또는 HMD(Head Mount Display) 등을 이용하여 마치 현장에 있는 듯한 체험을 즐길 수 있다. 제안한 부가서비스는 앱 형태로 스마트 단말기에 설치하여 실행하며 지상파 UHD TV의 ESG 정보로부터 프로그램 편성과 VR 지원여부를 확인한다. 이를 통해, 실시간 방송 뿐 아니라 VOD 형태로 제공되는 다양한 비디오 및 오디오 콘텐츠를 극장에서 보는 것과 같은 빅스크린 모드, 360도 VR 모드, 오디오 청취모드 등 다양한 시청환경에서 감상할 수 있다. 제안한 사용자 환경은 게임엔진을 기반으로 개발되어 가상의 시청 공간에서 장소를 이동하며 영상, 음향 등 미디어 콘텐츠를 감상할 수 있다. 전용컨트롤러를 이용하면 다양한 인터액티브 콘텐츠를 효과적으로 운용하여 감상할 수 있으며, 일반적으로 통용되는 VR 기기 제어 모드도 지원하여 HMD나 일반 스마트 단말기 어느 것을 이용해서도 용이하게 사용자 메뉴를 선택할 수 있다. 제안된 시스템의 시제품은 IBC 2017 및 평창 ICT 체험관을 통해 발표되었다.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.1197-1205
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• 2014

Recently signal transmission of ultra high-definition(4K-UHD) video system is transferred as uncompressed high speed data. However, this has a limit to compose the system because EMI between separate cables of high speed interface section and skew bring distortion of the video signal and jitter. In this paper we applied V-by-One HS interface technique to transfer uncompressed high speed data. We analyzed HSD(High Speed Differential) transmission line signal integrity. Also we applied RF transmission technique instead of UHD video pattern control interface PCB design. When we measured V-by-One HS video signal of designed 4K-UHD class signal generator, We found that the transmission performance has been signal standard.