• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.5 no.4 s.20
• /
• pp.107-114
• /
• 2004

This paper represents the application of the 3D CAD Model data for 4D simulation and quantity estimation. These support the effective and practical use of 4D CAD model. By using and manipulating the 3D CAD model information, scheduling and quantity estimation could be developed more quickly and effectively. So the 3D CAD model information is made use of not only drawing a blueprint but also playing an important part of data integration platform. The scheduling module sets up the schedule generation logic that consists of period, priority of element arrangement, and time lag of floor placement. It sorts the working items as a priority of working process. And the quantity estimation module queries the material quantity of the structural elements according to the scheduling conditions. These two modules are developed using the 3D CAD model information and assist the function of 4D CAD model.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• 2001.06a
• /
• pp.197-200
• /
• 2001

본 논문에서는 가상 캐릭터 제작을 위해 표정변화가 가능한 얼굴의 3D텍스처를 구성하는 방법을 2가지로 제안한다. 하나는 3D 스캐너에서 입력한 얼굴 3D 텍스처에 얼굴의 3D 표준 모델을 정합하여 표정변화가 가능하게 하는 방법이다. 이 경우는 얼굴의 3D 텍스처와 함께 정확한 3D 형상 모델을 얻을수는 있으나, 스캐닝 비용이 고가이고, 장비의 이동이 불편하다. 또 하나의 방법은 전후좌우 4매의 2D영상을 통합하여 얼굴의 3D 텍스처를 구성하는 방법이다. 이 방법은 4매의 2D 영상에 3D 형상모델을 정합한 후, 4개의 모델의 높이, 넓이, 깊이를 통합하여, 대체적인 3D 형상모델을 얻고, 4매의 영상을 통합하여 개인 얼굴의 3D 텍스처를 얻게 된다. 이 경우는 2D 얼굴영상을 이용하기 때문에 저가로 널리 이용할 수 있는 방법이다.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.33-44
• /
• 2022

The simulation function by the 4D system is a representative BIM function in the construction stage. For the 4D simulation, schedule information for each activity must be created and then linked with the 3D model. Since the 3D model created in the design stage does not consider schedule information, there are practical difficulties in the process of creating schedule information for application to the construction stage and linking the 3D model. In this study, after extracting the schedule information of the construction stage using the HDBSCAN algorithm from the 3D model in the design stage, authors propose a methodology for automatically generating schedule information by identifying precedence and sequencing relationships by applying the topological alignment algorithm. Since the generated schedule information is created based on the 3D model, it can be used as information that is automatically linked by the common parameters between the schedule and the 3D model in the 4D system, and the practical utility of the 4D system can be increased. The proposed methodology was applied to the four bridge projects to confirm the schedule information generation, and applied to the 4D system to confirm the simplification of the link process between schedule and 3D model.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.41 no.2
• /
• pp.181-189
• /
• 2021

In order to increase the practical usability of the virtual reality(VR)-based BIM object in the construction site, the difference between the virtual image and the real image should be resolved, and when it is applied to the construction schedule management function, it is necessary to reduce the image gap between the virtual completion and the actual completion. In this study, in order to solve this problem, a prototype of 4D model is developed in which augmented reality (AR) and 3D printing technologies are linked, and the practical usability of a 4D model linked with two technologies is verified. When a schedule simulation is implemented by combining a three-dimensional output and an AR object, it is possible to provide more intuitive information as a tangible image-based schedule information when compared to a simple VR-based 4D model. In this study, a methodology and system development of an AR implementation system in which subsequent activities are simulated in 4D model using markers on 3D printing outputs are attempted.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.6 no.8
• /
• pp.1310-1318
• /
• 2002

In this study, we developed a 3D facial modeler and animator that will not use the existing method by 3D scanner or camera. Without expensive image-input equipments, we can easily create 3D models only using front and side images. The system is available to animate 3D facial models as we connect to animation server on the WWW which is independent from specific platforms and softwares. It was implemented using Java 3D API. The facial modeler detects MPEG-4 FDP(Facial Definition Parameter) feature points from 2D input images, creates 3D facial model modifying generic facial model with the points. The animator animates and renders the 3D facial model according to MPEG-4 FAP(Facial Animation Parameter). This system can be used for generating an avatar on WWW.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.861-868
• /
• 2022

A key use of applying building information modeling (BIM) to the construction stage of a project is to help identify construction obstacles and to visualize construction status according to the progress of the construction schedule. When employing 4D simulation for this purpose, start and finish dates for each activity and a 3D model of the activity must be prepared. In this work, in order to simplify the configuration of a 4D model, minimum attribute information of the BIM model produced in the design stage was used to construct a system that generated activity information in the construction stage using a clustering algorithm. Its usefulness as actual schedule management information was then analyzed.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2022

The Skinned Multi-Person Linear Model (SMPL) is the most widely used parametric 3D Human Model optimized and learned from CAESAR, a 3D human scanned database created with measurements from 3,800 people living in United States in the 1990s. We point out the lack of racial diversity of body types in SMPL and propose K-SMPL that better represents Korean 3D body shapes. To this end, we develop a fitting algorithm to estimate 2,773 Korean 3D body shapes from Korean body measurement data. By conducting principle component analysis to the estimated Korean body shapes, we construct K-SMPL model that can generate various Korean body shape in 3D. K-SMPL model allows to improve the fitting accuracy over SMPL with respect to the Korean body measurement data. K-SMPL model can be widely used for avatar generation and human shape fitting for Korean.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is enhancing CFD model by applying detailed and accurate CFD input data produced from 3D City model and integrating CFD model with 3D city model with OpenGL, 3D city aerodynamic simulation, and visualization tool. CFD_NIMR_SNU model developed by NIMR and SNU and 3D City model produced by NGII were used as input data. Wind flow and pollution diffusion simulator and viewer were developed in this study. Atmospheric environment simulation and visualization tool will save time and cost for urban climate planning and management by enhancing visual communication.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.73-81
• /
• 2017

The generalized Hough transform (GHough) is a useful technique for detecting and locating 2-D model. However, GHough requires a 4-D parameter array and a large amount of time to detect objects of unknown scale and orientation because it enumerates all possible parameter values into a 4-D parameter space. Several n-to-1 mapping algorithms were proposed to reduce the parameter space from 4-D to 2-D. However, these algorithms are very likely to fail due to the random votes cast into the 2-D parameter space. This paper proposes to use internal gradient information in addition to the model boundary points to reduce the number of random votes cast into 2-D parameter space. Experimental result shows that our proposed method can reduce both the number of random votes cast into the parameter space and the execution time effectively.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.237-244
• /
• 2022

We measured the clutter loss (CL) and building entry loss (BEL) of signals in a low-rise high-density suburban environment. Three propagation models for BEL, CL, and a combination of BEL and CL were measured in the selected environment. We then derived the figures when the BEL was combined with the CL. At the two frequencies, the measured value of combination of BEL and CL is 27.55 dB and 26.12dB, respectively, and the differences between the measured value and the sum were -4.19 dB and 5.82 dB. Considering that the measurement was performed inside a building, such a difference seems to be small. Therefore, when BEL and CL were measured separately and summed, and then combined and summed, differences of -4.19 dB and 5.82 dB were apparent. This this result can be referenced when similar case of a propagation model was analyzed.