• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2014

This study was conducted to develop an eco-friendly control method for water foxtail in the field sowing barley seeds before rice harvesting. When sea water was applied pre-emergent, 1 and 2 leaves, little injury was observed on barley. Percent of water foxtail control with sea water (100%) was more than 50% at 1 leaf application timing. When sodium chloride was applied 400, 800 and $1,600kg\;ha^{-1}$, little injury was observed on barley. Percent of water foxtail control with sodium chloride was 36-44% at 30 days after sowing. When ferrous sulfate was applied at 400, 800 and $1,600kg\;ha^{-1}$, emergent injury was observed 35-50% on barley. Percent of water foxtail control with ferrous sulfate was 48-79% at 30 days after sowing. When barley was sowed at 200, 300 and $400kg\;ha^{-1}$, seeding rate standing plants have many of the more crops, water foxtail occurrence was low. And, Forage yield of 300 kg ha-1 seeding in the highest. Based on the results, it is possible to control water foxtail in the field sowing barley seeds before rice harvesting more than 50%.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.131-138
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• 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate the characteristics and forage production of bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) and bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) in Jeju. Bermudagrass cultivars evaluated were Common and Ecotype. Bahiagrass cultivars evaluated were Tifton 9 and Argentine. Two warm season grasses were established at the Subtropical Animal Experiment Station in spring 2007. Emergence of bremudagrass and bahiagrass was observed approximately 16 days and 28 days after seeding, respectively. The heading dates of bermudagrass and bahiagrass were on 26 May and in mid-July, respectively. Bermudagrass cultivars had higher dry matter (DM) than bahiagrass at first harvest. Dry matter yield of bahiagrass was higher than that of bermudagrass (p<0.05). Peak forage DM production of bermudagrass and bahiagrass cultivars was in June and July, respectively. The content of crude protein (CP) and total digestibility nutrient (TDN) of bermudagrass cultivars were higher than those of bahiagrass during the first harvest. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD) were similar across the four cultivars. In Jeju, bermudagrass and bahiagrass provide a useful option for supplemental summer forage in most livestock forage systems.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.230-239
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• 1999

Digital color doppler ultrasonographic system(DCDUS) has a lot of diagnostic functions. One of these is a detection of low velocity vessels in the organs of abdominal cavity. The purpose of study was to determine the clinical usefulness of DCDUS. Interlobar artery resistive index(RI), pulsatility index(PI) and systolic diastolic ratio(SDr) were measured for diagnosis of obstructed urinary tract. RI, PI and SDr were a measure of intrarenal blood flow impedance. This study was consisted of 2 groups. The normal group was studied in 16 normal adult dogs and the study group was studied 7 dogs with surgically induced, unilateral ureteral obstruction. In the study group, parameters were checked in normal condition and on 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10th day after ligation. The result were summarized as follows. In the normal group, RI, PI and SDr of the left kidney was $0.65{\pm}0.04$, $1.25{\pm}0.12$ and $292.45{\pm}29.40$, respectively. RI, PI and SDr of the right kidney were $0.64{\pm}0.05$, $1.28{\pm}0.20$ and $282.25{\pm}37.26$, respectively. In the study group, RI of the left kidney induced ligation was increased significantly on 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10th day. RI of the left kidney on 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10th day were $0.75{\pm}0.05$, $0.71{\pm}0.03$, $0.74{\pm}0.04$, $0.74{\pm}0.02$, $0.73{\pm}0.02$ and $0.73{\pm}0.04$, respectively. PI of the left kidney was increased significantly on 1, 3, 5 and 7th day. PI of the left kidney on 1, 3, 5 and 7th day were $1.57{\pm}0.21$, $1.54{\pm}0.24$, $1.60{\pm}0.15$ and $1.60{\pm}0.26$, respectively. SDr of the left kidney increased significantly on 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7th day. SDr of the left kidney on 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7th day were $412.18{\pm}86.69$, $352.14{\pm}47.05$, $399.77{\pm}65.54$, $369.43{\pm}48.34$ and $365.57{\pm}22.46$, respectively(p<0.05). In the study group, RI of the left kidney was more increased than that of the right kidney on 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 10th day. PI of the left kidney was more increased than that of the right kidney on 1, 3, 5, and 7th day. SDr of the left kidney was more increased than that of the right kidney on 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7th day(p<0.05). RI was effective in the diagnosis of an acute unilateral ureteral obstruction. PI and SDr were insufficient in the diagnosis of an acute unilateral ureteral obstruction.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.413-422
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• 2013

This experiment was conducted to clarify the effect of double layer mulching on reducing the labor required to weed control and Leaf sheath training of the garlic cultivation. Six mulching methods(non-mulching, transparent P.E., rice hull+transparent P.E., sawdust+transparent P.E., rice straw+transparent P.E., black P.E. film+ transparent P.E.) were used for the experiment, and transparent P.E film was removed on April 10. Weed occurrence was in the order of black P.E. film< transparent P.E

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.691-695
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• 2010

In order to find correlations between the sensory evaluation and instrumental analysis in 'Campbell Early' grape, grapes were divided into three parts. One-half parts were used for the sensory evaluation and the other half were used as samples for instrumental analysis. Relationship between sensory evaluation and instrumental analysis were studied through correlation study using 48-paired data set obtained during storage. Soluble solid content analysis showed that instrumental quality attributes increased along the passage of storage time with increasing temperature. pH and titratable acidity decreased slightly at lower storage temperatures. Correlations between instrumental quality attributes in grapes were found to be very low. Positive correlation was found between pH and soluble solid content, and negative correlation was found between pH and titratable acidity. The relation of sourness and sweetness to sourness was higher than other sensory evaluation factors, and the shape of the grapes was found to have little relation to their sweetness. Texture ($r^2$=0.890) was found to be the most important factor in preference, followed next by sweetness with sourness ($r^2$=0.860). The correlations between the sensory evaluation and instrumental quality attributes were found to be very low, with overall acceptability given to a relatively high content of soluble solid content. Correlations between pH and titratable acidity in terms of overall acceptability were found to be very low.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.574-577
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to evaluate gastric motility of conscious minipigs with ultrasonography from contraction number of the pyloric antrum and gastric emptying time (GET). Five-month-old, clinically healthy minipigs weighing 13.5-15 kg were used for this experiment. Assessment of gastric motility was performed using saline (10 ml/kg) in all five minipigs. Contraction number of the pyloric antrum for 3 minutes and gastric emptying time were calculated. Gastric emptying time was considered to be the time at which the antral area returned to the basal value. The mean value of contraction number of the pyloric antrum before feeding was 1.60${\pm}$2.30 (mean${\pm}$SD) for 3 min and the overall mean value after saline administration was 5.40${\pm}$3.62 for 3 min. The mean value of GET by area was 58.06${\pm}$5.23 min. This data can be used as basic database for evaluation of gastric motility in minipigs as normal and various experimental models.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.631-636
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• 1998

Candida lipolytica(C. lipolytica) FM5 was selected as one of the strong saprophytic yeasts isolated from mackerel (Scomber japonicus). The selected strain could produce extracellular proteolytic enzyme. The effective medium for production of proteolytic enzyme by C. lipolytica FM5 was TPPY broth containing Bacto-tryptone $0.5\%$, proteose peptone $0.5\%$, yeast extract $0.25\%$, NaCl $0.5\%$ and $CaCl_2\;0.2\%$. The pattern of proteolytic enzyme production by C. lipolytica FM5 was the almost same as that of growth curve of the strain. Namely, the enzyme production was begun from the early stage of exponential phase and it was reached the highest at the begining of the stationary phase of the yeast growth. The optimum toeperature of the produced proteolytic enzyme was $35^{\circ}C$ and its activity was not significantly changed by pH between 6.5$\~$9.0 and also it was not significantly affected by several kinds of cations such as $Ca^{2+},\;Cu^{2+},\;Fe^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ but it was affected negatively by some cations such as $Zn^{2+},\;Mn^{2+}$ and $K^+$.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.790-794
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• 2004

Bifidobacterium spp. exhibits the highest number of counts among species of microflora in breast-feeding infant intestines and has been used as probiotics. From infant groups with different diets, 42 Bifidobacterial strains were isolated by selective plate, Gram-staining, and morphology using method of Mitsuoka, among which seven isolates were identified as Bifidobacterium spp. by F6PPK test, MIDI, and PCR. B. bifidum PBH-30, selected for development of probiotics, showed high resistance against low pH and oxgall treatment, and inhibition against pathogens such as Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus. B. bifidum PBH-30 could be applicable to dairy products as probiotic strains due to its excellent growth in raw milk.

• Sijohaknonchong
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• v.23
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• pp.33-48
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• 2005

In my paper, the discussion focuses on the fact that sijo is distinguished from free verse as a separate Identity in that it has its own formal beauty, and the works that deviate from this poetic rule are guarded against. In the past ancient sijo, in terms of both music and literature, was a major genre in harmony with chang(songs) ; and in modern times, sijo been created irrelevantly with chug. But my point is that it will not futile if sijo is accompanied with chang, and, therefore, the latter should be adjusted to a modern taste and go together with the former ; and that, to attain this goal, Korean musicans should cooperate with sijo writers. With English-version sijo works, there are some that are put in accordance with the formality of Engish poetry. This paper indicates that, in this case, foreign readers can't feel the nuances the source text of sijo works could produce, so it is not proper to translate sijo works in accordance with the formality of English poetry. But there are other translations where the 3-jang(statements)-6-gu(phrases) form of the original sijo text is reproduced within the limits of English expressions, with each of the two gu(phrases) in a ing(statement) having an almost equal number of syllables, so that each phrase could be recited within the same length of time. The conclusion is that the Korean-English translations of sijo works should begin with the reproduction of its original formal beauty; but, to do this, sijo writers should create works in accordance with it original formality first. Therefore for good translations of sijo works there should be a mutual efforts between sijo scholars and English poetry scholars.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2003

The most great GPS is working on CNS(Car navigation System) and Personal terminal, but ocean has not been. First studied GPS is sailing to ship but We have been connivance that The ship is not need detail navigation. Lately, harbor facilities and transportation service in harbors are complication. We have need accurate ship navigation system. In this paper, author developed algorithms of ellipsoid conversion between WGS84 and BESSEL and develope algorithms of map projection between ellipsoid coordinate system, and plane cartesian system. Author used 3-parameter in covering ellipsoids and used TM and UTM projection in converting between ellipsoid and plane cartesian coordinate. And author analyzed errors through static surveying and dynamic surveying of GPS for proving accuracy of GPS sensor, Furthermore author analyzed deflection error of received position. Finally author developed real time ship navigation system using cheep GPS sensor.