• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.34-48
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• 1985

The purpose of this study was to find out healtk education activities of the 435 school nurses in the secondary schools in Seoul. A questionaire was sent by mail on March 11, 1985 and received a total of 252 responds till April 4, 1985. Among them, 230 were included in final analysis. Those of 22 school nurses who have worked not more than one year were excluded. The results of the findings obtained of this study are summarized as follows: 1. An average number of health education activities carried out by the school nurses turned out to be 31.7 times/nurse/year. 2. The practice rates of health education activities by contents of health education were revealed as follows: on parasite disease 89.6%, hepatitis 89.1%, physical examination 87.3%, influenza 84.3%, etc. Health education on drinking and smoking, drug abuse were the lowest rate as 37.8% and 40.9%. 3. The practice rates of health education by the school nurses according to the health education methods were shown as follows: instruction by the teacher 90.9%, bulletin boards in the classroom 73.0%, message to home notices 72.676, etc. 4. Difficulties in carrying out health education programs by the school nurse were analysed accord-ing to Likert's five point scale. The scores on item to the no availability of teaching tools and tips were 3.90, no availability of audiovisual aids 3.801 lack of understanding from the school principals 3. 30, insufficient time of the school nurse 3.26, no guidance or unproper form of health education material 3.20, lack of knowledge of educational method 3.18. As a conclusion of this study, the development of the supporting system to health education activities and programs for improvement of school health education is strongly needed from policy making level.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2009

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine aggression of middle school girls with type of school and gender role identity. Method : The subjects of this study were 526 second-year middle school girls (265 girls in the coeducational middle schools, 261 girls in the girls' middle schools) in Busan. This study was conducted from 14th to 29th of December, 2008 using Korean Sex Role Inventory(KSRI) and Aggression Inventory. Results : 1. There was statistically significant difference in gender role identity types according school types ($x^2$=8.813, p=.032). 2. The whole aggression grade point average was 1.58${\pm}$.40 points(highest score: 4), and reactive-overt aggression was highest in the aggression types(2.06${\pm}$.63). 3. There was not statistically significant difference in aggression of middle school girls according to type of school (t=.188, p=.664). 4. There was statistically significant difference in degrees of aggression according to gender role identity types. The degrees of aggression in masculinity type was highest [grade point average was 1.70${\pm}$.44 points(highest score: 4)]. 5. There was not interactive effect in aggression between type of school and type of gender role identity. Conclusions : The findings of this study contribute to providing basic data for development of education programs or activities for middle school girls to relieve aggression according to gender role identity types.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was to find out hospice nurses and other health professionals' perception on the system of hospice and palliative nurse specialist. Methods: Using questionnaire, 63 nurses and 22 other health professionals answered about the benefit required qualification, workforce standard, and the extent of autonomy needed for hospice and palliative nurse specialist. Data was collected from August, 2002 to November, 2002. and analyzed by using SPSS 10 program. Results: 1) 96.4% of the subjects perceived that hospice nurse specialist will improve the quality of care and patient satisfaction. 2) The most frequent response for the type of education required for hospice nurse specialist was one year post RN program. 3) The most frequent response for the required clinical experience of hospice nurse specialists was minimum of four to five years. 4) The most important qualification for the hospice nurse specialists was an "good relationship with others", and "clinical experience". 5) One to two hospice nurse specialist per hospice facility was viewed as a sufficient number. 6. Autonomy was viewed as the most important characteristic which should be granted to hospice nurse specialist. Conclusion: The results of this study can be used as a basic information in establishing hospice nurse specialist program.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.4289-4294
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• 2014

Background: One of the most important reasons for the high mortality rates of cancer is the low level of awareness, which can lead to a late diagnosis and treatments starting too late. Therefore, it is necessary for individuals, especially at younger age, to gain awareness and integrate taking the necessary precautions into their lifestyle in order to prevent cancer and ensure early diagnosis. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of awareness of factors for major cancers among students studying in two different campuses of a university in the Western Black Sea Region. Materials and Methods: This descriptive/cross-sectional study was performed between January-March 2014. Students studying in the 2013-2014 academic year in a university in the Western Black Sea Region in two separate campuses were the subjects. Results: The mean age was $21.01{\pm}3.63$. While female students (51.2%) were the majority in the health sciences campus (74.8%), male students (48.8%) were the majority in the social sciences campus (76.5%). Some 9.6% of the students from the health sciences campus and 12.4% of the students from the social sciences campus thought that cancer was communicable, while most of the students from both campuses knew that smoking caused cancer. It can also be seen that the rate of answering questions regarding cancer correctly was higher among students studying in the health sciences campus. Conclusions: It was determined that students who do not study at the health sciences campus have insufficient information on cancer, cancer symptoms, and the possibility of breast cancer in males and approximately half of them regarded obesity as a risk factor for cancer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.95-106
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• 2001

Since many adolescents start and continue Smoking to cope with stress from school and home environments, peer pressure, and to compensate for lowered self-esteem The smoking prevention program should consist of the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding smoking and how to cope with these stresses. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a smoking prevention program on smoking related knowledge, attitudes, and self-esteem and stress in first year middle school students. The study was performed on a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest. 151 subjects(76 experimental group, 75 control group) were selected by a convenience sampling method. The study was carried out in two middle schools in Kwang-ju city, Korea, from the 1st of May to the 23rd of June, 2000. The experimental group attended the smoking prevention program which was held for 45 minutes a week for 4 weeks. The questionnaire was administered to measure the degree of knowledge, attitudes, self-esteem and stress of the subjects. The SAS-PC program was used to analyze the data along with peroentages, $x^2$-test. t-test, and paired t-test. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The first hypothesis, 'The experimental group who receives a smoking prevention program would have higher scores of smoking related knowledge than the control group', was supported(t=3.68, p=0.0003). 2. The second hypothesis, 'The experimental group who receives a Smoking prevention program would have more positive attitudes regarding smoking than the control group', was supported(t=3.42, p=0.0008). 3. The third hypothesis, 'The experimental group who receives a smoking prevention program would have higher scores of self-esteem than the control group', was supported(t=2.24, p=0.0270). 4. The forth hypothesis, "The experimental group who receives a smoking prevention program would have lower scores of stress than the control group', was supported(t=-2.07, p=0.0407). The smoking prevention program in this study was effective in increasing the knowledge regarding smoking, enhancing more positive attitudes regarding smoking, and also increasing the scores of self-esteem and lowering the scores of stress. The results of this study will be applicable in smoking prevention education for early adolescents in middle schools.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.89-102
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• 2003

This study attempted to analyze the trend of studies related to IHD(Ischemic Heart Disease). This article reviewed 102 researches on IHD conducted from 1980 to 2003, by examining them according to their characteristics, such as sources by publication period, research design, nursing intervention, outcome of experimental research, and theme of qualitative research. The results were as follows : 1. The number of studies related to IHD has steadily increased year by year since 1985, and that of the articles was the highest during the post-2000 period. Especially, the majority of researches has published since 1995. 2. The 69 studies were degree of all 102 studies related to IHD, and the majority of articles' authors belonged to graduate school. Thirty three studies were non-degree articles. As for study design, the number of quantitative studies were 99 and that of qualitative studies were 3. Non-experimental research design were largely survey and correlational study. 3. Non-experimental study makes up a high proportion of the quantitative study. The most of experimental studies were accomplished after 2000. The main subjects were patients, chart records and general subjects. The majority number of subjects was like this : while the number of non-experimental study was between 51 and 100, that of experimental study was below 50. The number of subject of qualitative study is like this : the number of phenomenology study was 21 and 11, and that of case study is 14. 4. Nursing interventions used in the experimental study comprised teaching program, cardiac rehabilitation program, massage, relaxation, music therapy and providing of sense information. And the most nursing intervention effects included physiological effect, increased self-efficacy, relieved pain and increased quality of life. Most studies proved to have the affirmative effects. 5. The number of qualitative studies related to IHD is like this : the number of degree articles was 2 and that of non-degree articles was 1. Its themes included resources of hope, the experience of coronary artery angiography and the experience of admission at ICU(Intensive Care Unit).

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.44-56
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• 1999

Substance abuse, which leads to juvenile delinquency and other troubles, is one of the most serious problems for the adolescents today. The frequency of the adolescent substance abuse has been growing every year, but the effective methods to cope with the problem have not been well developed yet. The purpose of this study is to investigate into the more favorable ways by review the literature on substance abuse systematically. This study is a research based on the overview of the literature so that we may identify the present conditions of the adolescent substance abuse, its types, its problems and the nursing intervention. This literature review results in the following suggestions. Substance abuse is prevalent among the adolescents enough to be considered as one of our society's major problems. So policy makers as well as government and private agencies should recognize the seriousness of substance abuse and associated problem behaviors. Moreover, it is necessary that the adolescents should remind themselves of the seriousness of substance abuse. Once the health professionals notice the adolescents' involvement in substance abuse, they need to approach them with the parental concern in order to establish rapport with them by using tactful questions that can assess their feelings, behaviors, and experiences. The exploratory study is prerequisite to the solution of that problem. The development of the wholesome recreational programs and culture for the adolescents is also essential to prevent them from being involved in substance abuse.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.567-582
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the utilization of the Transtheoretical Model(TTM) for Korean nursing studies on health behaviors and identify the strategies for improvement of further studies. Methods: From a main and seven branch journals on the Korean Society of Nursing Science, a total of 26 studies, which had been conducted based upon the TTM, were selected. The selected studies were analyzed from the September of 2006 to the February of 2007 by the criteria; name of journal, year of publication, health behavior, population, sampling, sample size, research design, instrument (translation process, reliability and validity), and statistical analysis. Results: TTM on the Korean nursing studies was mainly applied for smoking cessation or exercise with elderly or middle aged women. The research findings could not be generalized with the limitation of the use of non representative samples. The most frequently used research design was a cross-sectional survey. Some studies had a lack of reliable and valid instruments, so that the internal validity of the study findings may be threatened. Statistically related problems increased type I error and decreased power. Conclusion: Korean nursing studies based on TTM can be the beginning stage in quality and quantity.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.59-68
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• 2011

This study investigated faculty perceptions of the improvement and effort for achievement of the quality of nursing education through accreditation in baccalaureate nursing programs in 2006. Survey data from 190 professors of 33 accredited nursing schools were statistically analyzed using SPSS ver. 19.0 software with descriptive statistics, t-tests, and ANOVA. Through accreditation, about two-thirds of subjects perceived that the quality of education had 'improved' and the purposes of the accreditation were moderately successfully achieved (score 3.50). They also perceived their schools made a strong attempt (score 4.24) to assure quality. The perception scores of efforts to assure the quality of education varied significantly according to the characteristics of the subjects, the existence of a university hospital, the type of college, and the year of school founding. There were significant differences between the level of improvement in education and the extent of effort to assure the quality of education. Accreditation contributed to improved quality of nursing education except for some issues which need more consideration. To maintain high quality, the accreditation of baccalaureate nursing programs should be performed with continuity and on a regular basis.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.73-82
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• 2001

This study was conducted from Nov. 15 to Dec. 20, 1999, covering 630 fourth, fifth. and sixth graders in 5 elementary schools, in Seoul, in order to provide basic data for developing problematic drinking prevention program. The results of the study were as follows : 1. Among the students under inquiry, $55.4\%$ answered they had the experience of drinking. 2. Forth grade was the most frequent year students start drinking$(24.7\%)$. Most of them had their first drinking experience at the family party, a gala day or religious service and accompanied with parents. Beer was the most frequently drank and curiosity was the most common reason to start drinking. 3. As for the drinking experience in terms of general characteristics, the male students were significantly higher in the rate of drinking experience than that of female. 4. As for the drinking experience in terms of environmental characteristics. the students whose parents were drinkers significantly higher in the rate of drinking experience than that of non-drinkers. 5. The intention of the students in future drinking was significantly lower in the non-drinkers with $13.4\%$ than that of drinking experience students with $20.7\%$.