• Title/Summary/Keyword: 4-point Bending Strength

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Experimental Study on Flexural Behavior of RC Beams Strengthened with Prestressed CFRP Plate (CFRP판으로 프리스트레싱 보강한 RC 보의 휨거동에 관한 실험적 연구)

  • Han, Sang-Hoon;Hong, Ki-Nam;Kim, Hyung-Jin;Woo, Sang-Kyun
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.26 no.2A
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    • pp.301-310
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    • 2006
  • Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CRFP) materials are well suited to the rehabilitation of civil engineering structures due to their corrosion resistance, high strength to weight ratio and high stiffness to weight ratio. Their application in the field of the rehabilitation of concrete structures is increased due to the vast number of bridges and buildings in need of strengthening. However, RC members, strengthened with externally bonded CFRP plates, happened to collapse before reaching the expected design failure load. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the new strengthening method to overcome the problems of previous bonded strengthening method. This problems can be solved by prestressing the CFRP plate before bonding to the concrete. In this study, a total of 21 specimens of 3.3 m length were tested by the four point bending method after strengthening them with externally bonded CFRP plates. The CFRP plates were bonded without prestress and with various prestress levels ranging from 0.4% to 0.8% of CFRP plate strain. All specimen with end anchorage failed by a plate fracture regardless of the prestress levels while the specimen without end anchorage failed by the separation of the plate from the beam due to premature debonding. The cracking loads was proportionally related to the prestress levels, but the maximum loads of specimens strengthened with prestressed CFRP plates were insignificantly affected by the prestress levels.

A Study on the Finite Element Analysis and Management Criteria by Applying UPRS Method in the Subway Station (기존 지하철정거장 비개착공법 적용시 유한요소 해석과 관리기준에 관한 연구)

  • Cho, Byeong Joon
    • Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.43-52
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    • 2019
  • To analyze the influence on the stability, resulting from application of upgrade pipe roof structure (UPRS) method to the structure existed under subway Station, physical properties of a ground, elasticity and elasto-plastic theories, including displacement analysis of finite elements, stress analysis of finite elements, displacement caused by steel pipe propulsion and internal excavation, and stress change in a steel pipe, were introduced. Then, the influence on structural stability when applying the UPRS method was compared and reviewed based on the construction management standard of the Ministry Land, Infrastructure and Transport and foreign sources, using numerical analysis with a model which assumes that each microelement divided into a structurally stable point consists of the connection of finite points. As a result of the finite element analysis, 7.21 mm maximum displacement, 1/3,950 angular displacement, 70.28 MPa bending compressive stress of steel pipe structure constructed with UPRS (non-excavation) method and 477.38 MPa maximum shear strength were within their allowable standards (25.00 mm, 1/500, 210.00 MPa and 120.00 MPa, respectively), and therefore, the results showed that the design and construction are stable.

Mechanical Performance Evaluation of RC Beams with FRP Hybrid Bars under Cyclic Loads (FRP 하이브리드 보강근을 가지는 RC보의 반복하중에 대한 역학적 성능 평가)

  • Hwang, Chul-Sung;Park, Jae-Sung;Park, Ki-Tae;Kwon, Seung-Jun
    • Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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    • v.21 no.1
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    • pp.9-14
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    • 2017
  • In the present work, a mechanical performances under cyclic loading in RC (Reinforced Concrete) beams with normal steel and FRPH (Fiber Reinforced Plastic Hybrid) bar are investigated. For the work, RC beam members with $200{\times}200{\times}2175mm$ of geometry and 24 Mpa of design strength are prepared, and 4-point-bending tests are performed for evaluation of cracking, yielding, and ultimate loads. Through static loading test, 48.9kN and 36.0 kN of yielding loads are measured for normal RC and FRPH beam, respectively. They have almost same ultimate load of 50.0 kN. Typical tension hardening behavior is observed in FRPH beam, which is caused by the behavior of FRPH bar with tension hardening. In cyclic loading conditions, FRPH beam has more smaller crack width and scattered crack pattern, and it shows more elastic recovery than normal RC beam. The energy dissipation ratio in FRPH beam is 0.83, which is greater than 0.62 in normal RC beam and it shows more effective resistance to cyclic loadings.

A Nonlinear Structural Analysis for a Composite Structure Composed of Spent Nuclear Fuel Disposal Canister and Bentonite Buffer: Symmetric Rock Movement (고준위폐기물 처분용기와 벤토나이트 버퍼로 이루어진 복합구조물에 대한 비선형 구조해석: 대칭 암반 전단력)

  • 권영주;최석호;최종원
    • Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.369-376
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    • 2003
  • In this paper, a nonlinear structural analysis for the composite structure composed of the spent nuclear fuel disposal canister and the 50㎝ thick bentonite buffer is carried out to predict the collapse of the canister while the horizontal symmetric sudden rock movement of 10㎝ is applied on the composite structure. This sudden rock movement is anticipated by the earthquake etc. at a deep underground. Elastoplastic material model is adopted. Drucket-Prager yield criterion is used for the material yield prediction of the bentonite buffer and von-Mises yield criterion is used for the material yield prediction of the canister(cast iron, copper). Analysis results show that even though very large deformations occur beyond the yield point in the bentonite buffet, the canister structure still endures elastic small strains and stresses below the yield strength. Hence, the 50㎝ thick bentonite buffet can protect the canister safely against the 10㎝ sudden rock movement by earthquake etc.. Analysis results also show that bending deformations occur in the canister structure due to the shear deformation of the bentonite buffer.

Influence of $TiO_2$ on Sintering and Microstructure of Magnesia-Zirconia Composites (마그네시아 지르코니아 복합소결체의 소결과 미세구조에 미치는 $TiO_2$의 영향)

  • Lee, Yun-Bok;Kim, In-Sul;Jang, Yun-Sik;Park, Hong-Chae;O, Gi-Dong
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.4 no.7
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    • pp.775-782
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    • 1994
  • Influence of $TiO_{2}$ addition on sintering behavior and microstructure of MgO-$ZrO_{2}$ composites was studied. $ZrO_{2}$ containing 3mol%Y203 was existed as a c-$ZrO_{2}$ phase due to the formation of solubility of MgO, $TiO_{2}$ and $ZrO_{2}$ when sintered $1400^{\circ}C$ for 2h. All the compositions employed exhibited a similar shrinkage behavior with an end-point shrinkage between 8.58 and 11.00%. The additlon of $TiO_{2}$ promoted densification and the bulk density of specimen containing 1.67wt% $TiO_{2}$ was 3.75g/$\textrm{cm}^3$(98% TD) when $1600^{\circ}C$ for 2h. The amount of solubilities of MgO and TiOz in $ZrO_{2}$ were 5.ti7wt% and 2.62wt%,respectively. They were partially segregated near $ZrO_{2}$ grain boundary in the form of Ti-compounds during cooling. This segregation resulted in the formation microcracks which decreased the bending strength.

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CNT-Ni-Fabric Flexible Substrate with High Mechanical and Electrical Properties for Next-generation Wearable Devices (차세대 웨어러블 디바이스를 위한 높은 기계적/전기적 특성을 갖는 CNT-Ni-Fabric 유연기판)

  • Kim, Hyung Gu;Rho, Ho Kyun;Cha, Anna;Lee, Min Jung;Ha, Jun-Seok
    • Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.39-44
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    • 2020
  • Recently, numerous researches are being conducted in flexible substrate to apply to wearable devices. Particularly, Conductive substrate researches that can implement the wearable devices on clothing are massive. In this study, we formed fiber substrate spraying CNT and Pd mixed solution on it and plated metal layer with electroless plating. Used SEM equipment and EDS analysis to analysis structure of the plated fiber substrate and discovered Ni layer was created. For check electrical properties, mapping was performed to check surface resistance and distribution of resistance of electroless plated fiber substrate with 4-point probe. It was confirmed that conductivity was improved as the duration of electroless plating was increased, and it was found that distribution of resistance by surface location was uniform. Changes in resistance due to mechanical stress were measured through tensile, bending, and twisting tests. As a result, it was confirmed that resistance change of flexible substrate gradually disappeared as plating time increased. Using UTM (Universal testing machine), it was analyzed mechanical properties of the electroless plated substrate with respect to changes in plating time were improved. In the case of conductive fiber substrate in which electroless plating was performed for 2 hours, tensile strength was increased by 16 MPa than fiber substrate. Based on these results, we found that Ni-CNT-Fabric flexible substrate is adequate for clothing-intergrated conductive substrate and we positively expect that this experiment shows flexible substrate can adapt to and develop not only a wearable device technology but also other fields needing flexibility such as battery, catalyst and solar cell.