• Journal of vocational education research
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.39-75
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to verify the general characteristics in the previous studies and the magnitude of the correlation between the learner's satisfaction and the academic achievement in the education and training program. To do this, we searched relevant literature from 2000 to 2016, and conducted a systematic review of the literature on the final 31 studies through the selection criteria and quality evaluation. Among them, 27 meta-analysis of the literature was conducted. The finding of the study were as follows. First, a total of 31 studies were conducted from 2000 to 2016, and more than half of them(16) were conducted for the last 4 years(2009~2012). In terms of education and training students, there are 18 college students, 9 workers, and 4 elementary students in order of study. In terms of methods, 15 collective education, 14 distance education, 2 blended education. In terms of learner's participation, 22 the general participation, 9 the active participation. Second, as a result of the meta-analysis, the magnitude of the correlation between satisfaction and achievement was moderate(ZCOR=.297, 95%: CI .210~.383). Third, as a result of verifying the difference in the magnitude of the correlation effect between satisfaction and achievement according to the characteristics of the education and training program, there was no difference between the groups in the student object and education method, but there was a difference in the magnitude of the correlation effect depending on the participant type(Q=15.40, df=1, p<.0001). The active participation showed a correlation effect size larger(ZCOR=.588, 95%: CI .422~.754). The effect size of the general participation was lower than the median(ZCOR=.211, 95%: CI .12 ~.300).

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.262-269
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• 2013

Purpose: The aims of this study is to analysis the effects of obesity management programs for children and to measure the differences in the effects by type and dependent variables in order to analyze the structures of the programs. Methods: Sixty-one peer-reviewed journals including child obesity and intervention studies published between 2000 and 2010 were included for meta-analysis. Effect size and statistics of homogeneity were by STAT 10.0. Results: A total of 61 studies were used in the analysis, and the effect size of the independent studies was determined to be -0.23 (95% CI, -0.32 ~ -0.15). Serum Leptin and Insulin were the big effect size among the studies that used dependent variables. The theses used in the research did not display publishing bias. Conclusion: Obesity management programs that have been confirmed to be effective need to be developed into regional protocols. A continuous control of obese children and research for effective intervention program are in need.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1803-1811
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• 2015

Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) is a novel jack-of-all-trades in cancer. Here we quantify the prognostic impact of this biomarker and assess how consistent is its expression in solid tumors. A comprehensive search strategy was used to search relevant literature updated on October 3, 2014 in PubMed, EMBASE and WEB of Science. Correlations between HDGF expression and clinicopathological features or cancer prognosis was analyzed. All pooled HRs or ORs were derived from random-effects models. Twenty-six studies, primarily in Eastern Asia, covering 2,803 patients were included in the analysis, all of them published during the past decade. We found that HDGF overexpression was significantly associated with overall survival (OS) ($HR_{OS}=2.35$, 95%CI=2.04-2.71, p<0.001) and disease free survival (DFS) ($HR_{DFS}=2.25$, 95%CI =1.81-2.79, p<0.001) in solid tumors, especially in non-small cell lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Moreover, multivariate survival analysis showed that HDGF overexpression was an independent predictor of poor prognosis ($HR_{OS}=2.41$, 95%CI: 2.02-2.81, p<0.001; $HR_{DFS}=2.39$, 95%CI: 1.77-3.24, p<0.001). In addition, HDGF overexpression was significantly associated with tumor category (T3-4 versus T1-2, OR=2.12, 95%CI: 1.17-3.83, p=0.013) and lymph node status (N+ versus N-, OR=2.37, 95%CI: 1.31-4.29, p=0.03) in CCA. This study provides a comprehensive examination of the literature available on the association of HDGF overexpression with OS, DFS and some clinicopathological features in solid tumors. Meta-analysis results provide evidence that HDGF may be a new indicator of poor cancer prognosis. Considering the limitations of the eligible studies, other large-scale prospective trials must be conducted to clarify the prognostic value of HDGF in predicting cancer survival.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.105 no.1
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• pp.139-148
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate critically the effects of forest experience on young children using meta-analysis. To test this, a total 30 studies were identified, and mean effect size of variables was calculated by applying Fixed-effect model. As a result, the overall effect size of forest experience on young children was 0.797. The effect sizes of daily type as a program type had an effect than experience type at the level of .939. And also the effect sizes of period program (more 4month), number of participants (10-20people), program time (180minute), dependant variables (multiple intelligence) yield effects 0.972, 0.980, 1.138 and 0.957 respectively. As the result, this study implies a way which is to derive effectively further studies on the forest experience on young children.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.247-253
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• 2014

In the silage quality, the process of fermentation and use of micro-organism as starter cultures are crucial. The present study investigated the effect of homo and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria as a starter culture strain on the silage quality and its aerobic stability using meta-analysis. Total 19 studies were used in the analysis. According to the strains of lactic acid bacteria used, experimental groups were assigned to heterofermentative (HEL), mixture of hetero and homofermentative (HHO), homofermentative (HOL) and various homofermentative (HOM). In each experimental group, standardized result of the treatment (with inoculant) was compared with the control (without inoculant) using risk ratio calculation method. The effect of experimental group was also compared. Different starter culture strains did not influence on silage pH and propionic acid production. However, lactic acid and acetic acid production were significantly (p<0.05) influenced by the start culture strains. HOM showed the greatest lactic acid production and HEL was the lowest. In contrast, HEL showed the greatest in acetic acid production and HOM and HOL were the lowest. In terms of ammonia nitrogen, HHO produced more (p<0.05) than the rest of the treatment. In crude protein and water soluble carbohydrate contents, there were no significant effects among treatments. Different strain of lactic acid bacteria significantly influenced on the effect of aerobic stability (p<0.05). Use of heterofermentative showed greater aerobic stability and the use of homofermentative lactic acid bacteria.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.7-18
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• 2017

Purpose: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that prohibit biosynthesis of arachidonic acid metabolites have been considered potent host modulation agents. The aim of this review was to determine the effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs adjunctive with nonsurgical periodontal treatment in patients with periodontal disease. Materials and Methods: Three electronic databases were searched to identify relevant studies. The methodological quality and mean differences of the change in clinical attachment level and probing depth were analyzed according to Cochrane review methods. Results: Twelve studies were included in the methodological assessment and nine studies were suitable for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The mean difference in the clinical attachment level gain did not differ significantly between the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and control groups at any observation time. The highest mean difference in clinical attachment level gain was 0.30 mm at 4 weeks (95% confidence interval = -0.37 to 0.97). There was a significant mean difference in the probing depth reduction, of 0.34 mm (95% confidence interval = 0.29 to 0.40) at 6 weeks. Conclusion: Therefore, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have additional therapeutic effect when administrated with nonsurgical periodontal treatment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1431-1434
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• 2015

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women worldwide and the HER2 receptor plays an important role in its development and progression. This systematic review aimed to summarize the role of HER2 in brain metastasis in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: We conducted a literature search by advanced search in title field using the Scopus, Pubmed, and Google scholar databases until the end of June 2014. With metastasis, metastatic, HER2, brain, and breast cancer, as terms of search we selected 31 articles, which were reviewed by two independent and blinded expert reviewers. The studies were first selected according to their titles and abstracts. Quality of the studies were then assessed using the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) protocol for observational studies and CONSORT(Consolidation of Standards for Reporting Trials) protocol for clinical trials. For statistical analyses, we used STATA, version 11.0 software. Forest and funnel diagrams were drawn and for heterogeneity, index was also considered. Also we used meta regression analysis. Results: Finally, we reviewed 10 studies. The prevalence of brain metastasis in HER2-positive breast cancer patients was 24.9%. There was publication bias in the reviewed studies. Meta regression analysis showed that follow up time had no significant effect (p=0.396) on the prevalence of brain metastasis. Conclusions: The results showed a high prevalence of brain metastasis in HER2 positive breast cancer patients.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.383-406
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• 2015

Objectives: People with tension-type headache generally take pain relievers, but long term dependency causes problems as well as side effects. The present study aimed to provide clinical evidence of herbal medicine for tension-type headache by systematic review of randomized controlled trials on the effect of herbal medicine for tension-type headache. Methods: Randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials that verified effects of herbal medicine intervention on patients with tension-type headache were included in the study. A literature search of English, Japanese, Chinese, Korean databases was performed. The selected literature were assessed by Jadad scale and Risk of Bias. Results: Herein, 40 reports were selected from a total of 157. Meta-analyses of 2 trials indicated that the effective rate was significantly higher in the herbal medicine treatment group, as compared to the placebo control (risk ratio: 1.49, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.23 to 1.80, p<0.0001, I²=0%). Four trials that compared herbal medicine with routine care with routine care only group showed a significantly higher effective rate of benefits for herbal medicine with routine care, as compared to routine care only (RR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.18 to 2.10, p=0.002, I²=0%). Conclusions: The effective rate was significantly higher than control and adverse events were less in the treatment group. Pattern analysis (辨證) indicated that the studies on wind-fire pattern (風火證) were highest. Yougeun-bang (柔筋方) in prescription and Paeoniae Radix Alba (白芍藥) in medicinal herbs were most used. This finding could be widely utilized in future clinical practice and form the basis for the development of clinical practice guidelines in advance.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.41
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• pp.223-252
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• 2015

Previous literature reviews have provided important insights into social game addictions, but the issue still needs to be examined from other directions such as the distribution of research purposes. For this purpose, 61 papers from selected journals were analyzed by a meta-analysis method. Specifically, this study poses the following three research questions: (1) What are the major of research purposes and methodologies? (2) What are the highly cited articles in studies of social game addictions? Results showed five new findings: (1) the research purpose of most social game addictions studies focuses on investigating the effect, followed by evaluating the influence of social game addictions. (2) Surveys and experimental methods were the preferred research methods, regardless of whether the research purpose focused on investigating or evaluation. (3) Social game addictions studies are most prevalent at the game users, higher education institutions, followed by schools. (4) Social game addictions studies most frequently supports researcher in the professions and applied sciences, followed by humanities, formal sciences and social sciences. (5) The most highly cited articles fall into the categories of investigating the effects and followed by evaluating the influence, designing a model and evaluating the effects of social game addictions. In this regard, this study of issues in social game addictions presents findings that can help supplement linkages with previous studies and forms an important reference base to pursue deeper academic discussions in the current research fields. These results and findings not only to supplement understanding of social game addictions based on different and important viewpoints, but also to provide useful insights for researchers and educators into issues related to social game addictions studies in future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.104 no.4
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• pp.527-535
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• 2015

With results from previous Korean studies on forest thinning, we conducted a meta-analysis on the effect of thinning on diameter at breast height (DBH) growth and carbon (C) stocks (tree, litter layer, coarse woody debris (CWD), and soils) in Korean forests. Thinning increased the DBH growth and the C stocks in soils by 39.2% and 12.8%, respectively, while it decreased the C stocks in tree by 30.9%. In contrast, thinning had no significant effect on the C stocks in litter layer and CWD. The DBH growth and the C stocks in tree showed significant correlations with thinning intensity and recovery time. The C stocks in litter layer correlated with recovery time while those in CWD and soils did not show significant correlation neither with thinning intensity nor with recovery time. Regression models of the DBH growth and the C stocks in tree were developed to quantify the effect of thinning intensity and recovery time. An integration of the regression model of the tree C stock into forest carbon models is expected to be essential to quantify the effect of thinning on the C stocks in litter layer, CWD, and soils. We also suggested expansion of study species, long-term and frequent monitoring, and investigation on understory vegetation in order to elucidate changes in Korean forests following thinning practices.