• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.240-243
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• 2009

원료삼 생산에 있어 총수익(R)을 결정하는 4요인 승법 모형을 설정하고 (R=AYQP) 세 농가의 수납실적 수치를 사용하여 총수익 결정식임을 확인하였다. 4요소는 자본요소인 재배면적(A), 기술요소인 단위수량(Y)과 가중평균 품질등급(Q) 그리고 시장요소인 평균등급 가격(P)의 3요소로 해석하였다. 기술요소인 YQ는 자본(A)과 수익(R)의 직선모형에서 기울기가 되어 단위자본의 수익창출계수임을 밝혔다. 수익결정식은 인삼산업의 발전이 재배수량과 품질 향상기술 YQ를 증대시켜 면적(A)을 감소시킴으로서 수익(R)을 높여 시장가격(P)을 낮추는데 있음을 보여주었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.1445-1454
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• 2010

Two separate animal trials were conducted to evaluate the coincidence of dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) predicted by the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) and observed actually in crossbred growing bulls kept in a traditionally confined feeding system in China. In Trial 1, 45 growing Simmental${\times}$Mongolia crossbred F1 bulls were assigned to three treatments (T1-3) with 15 animals in each treatment. Trial 2 was conducted with 60 Limousin${\times}$Fuzhou crossbred F2 bulls allocated to 4 treatments (t1-4). All of the animals were confined in individual stalls. DMI and ADG for each bull were measured as a mean of each treatment. All of the data about animals, environment, management and feeds required by the CNCPS model were collected, and model predictions were generated for animals on each treatment. Subsequently, model-predicted DMI and ADG were compared with the actually recorded results. In the three treatments in Trial 1, 93.3, 80.0 and 73.3% of points fell within the range from -0.4 to 0.4 kg/d for DMI mean bias; similarly, in the four treatments in Trial 2, about 86.7, 73.3, 73.3 and 80.0% of points fell within the same range. These results indicate that the CNCPS model can accurately predict DMI of crossbred bulls in the traditionally confined feeding system in China. There were no significant differences between predicted and observed ADG for T1 (p = 0.06) and T2 (p = 0.09) in Trial 1, and for t1 (p = 0.07), t2 (p = 0.14) and t4 (p = 0.83) in Trial 2. However, significant differences between predicted and observed ADG values were observed for T3 in Trial 1 (p<0.01) and for t3 in Trial 2 (p = 0.04). By regression analysis, a statistically different value of intercept from zero for the regression equation of DMI (p<0.01) or an identical value of ADG (p = 0.06) were obtained, whereas the slopes were significantly different (p<0.01) from unity for both DMI and ADG. Additionally, small root mean square error (RMSE) values were obtained for the unbiased estimator of the two variances (DMI and ADG). Thus, the present results indicated that the CNCPS model can give acceptable estimates of DMI and ADG of crossbred growing bulls kept in a traditionally confined feeding system in China.

• 지질공학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.203-214
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• 2002

벤토나이트의 중금속 흡착에 대한 다양한 실험적 조건을 만족시키기 위하여 박스-벤켄(Box-Benken)의 통계적 모델을 적용하였다. 모델에 의하여 pH, 중금속의 초기농도, HCO$_3$을 변수로 하고, 각 변수에 대한 농도를 3차원으로 설정하여 벳치 실험을 실시하였다. 실험에 선택된 중금속은 Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd 4종이다. 중금속의 흡착거동에 대한 각 변수들의 영향을 표면반응 분석을 통하여 3차원으로 모델링하였다. 중금속의 흡착제거에 중금속의 초기농도와 pH가 거의 비슷한 정도로 큰 영향을 미치고 중탄산은 큰 영향을 미치지 못한다. 중금속간의 흡착경쟁은 Pb>Cu>Zn>Cd의 순서를 보인다. 아울러 pH 변화가 중금속 흡착에 미치는 영향을 실험적 및 열역학적 분석을 통하여 알아보았다. 중금속의 수산화 화합물과 탄산염 복합체의 형태로 침전이 흡착제거에 중요한 변수임이 밝혀졌다. WATEQ4F 열역학 프로그램에 의한 종분포 모델링 결과가 흡착실험결과와 다소 상이함을 보이므로 프로그램의 열역학 자료의 수정이 필요하다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2024

Background The study determined to compare the clinical outcomes of traditional gold weight implantation for the correction of paralytic lagophthalmos with those of a newly designed model. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, we enrolled 30 patients (76% females; average age 60.8 ± 12 years) with facial palsy who underwent implantation of either the traditional pretarsal gold weight (PT group; n = 15) or a new supratarsal model (ST group; n = 15) from May 2014 to April 2019. The main outcome measures were the 12-month postoperative weight prominence, weight migration, improvement of lagophthalmos, upper eyelid contour, and upper eyelid ptosis. The secondary outcome was long-term (24 months) reoperative rate. Results The new model group had significantly better eyelid contour (risk ratio [RR] 3.16, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.62-6.15, p = 0.001), less weight prominence (RR 1.74, 95% CI 1.13-2.70, p = 0.013), less weight migration (RR 1.31, 95% CI 1.12-1.54, p = 0.001), and less eyelid ptosis (RR 2.36, 95% CI 1.21-4.59, p = 0.011) than the traditional model group. Improvement of lagophthalmos was not statistically significant between the two groups (RR 1.44, 95% CI 0.72-2.91, p = 0.303). The 24-month reoperative rate was 53.3% in the PT group versus 13.3% in the ST group (RR 2.00, 95% CI 1.15-3.49, p = 0.015). Conclusion The newly designed supratarsal gold weight showed superior postoperative outcomes than the standard traditional model.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2007

고휘도 LED(Light-Emitting Diode)를 구현하기 위한 칩 설계의 최적화에 이용할 수 있는 SPICE 기반의 LED 3차원 회로 모델을 개발하였다. 본 모델은 LED를 일정한 면적의 픽셀로 구획하고, 각각의 픽셀은 n-전극, n-형 반도체, p-형 반도체, 및 p-전극 등의 일반적인 LED 레이어 구조를 반영하는 회로망으로 나타낸다. 개별의 박막 층과 접촉 저항은 저항 네트웍으로, pn-접합부는 일반적인 pn-접합 다이오드로 각각 모델링 한다. 별도의 테스트 패턴을 이용하여 독립적으로 추출한 파라미터를 이용한 시뮬레이션 결과는 실험 결과와 정확하게 일치함을 확인하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.239-255
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• 2017

Various centrifuge model tests on the pile foundations were performed to investigate fundamental characteristics of a pile-soil-foundation system recently, but it is hard to find numerical analysis results of a pile foundation system considering the nonlinear behavior of soil layers due to the dynamic excitations. Numerical analyses for a pile-soil system were carried out to verify the experimental results of centrifuge model tests. Centrifuge model tests were performed at the laboratory applying 1.5 Hz sinusoidal base input motions, and nonlinear numerical analyses were performed utilizing a finite element program of P3DASS in the frequency domain and applying the same input motions with the intensities of 0.05 g~0.38 g. Nonlinear soil properties of soil elements were defined by Ramberg-Osgood soil model for the nonlinear dynamic analyses. Nonlinear numerical analyses with the P3DASS program were helpful to predict the trend of experimental responses of a centrifuge model efficiently, even though there were some difficulties in processing analytical results and to find out unintended deficits in measured experimental data. Also nonlinear soil properties of elements in the system can be estimated adequately using an analytical program to compare them with experimental results.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1665-1668
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• 2010

The spin exchange interactions of $(VO)_2(H_2O){O_3P-(CH_2)_3-PO_3}{\cdot}2H_2O$ were examined by spin dimer analysis based on extended Huckel tight binding method. The strongest spin exchange interaction occurs through the super-superexchange path $J_2$ and the second strongest spin exchange interaction occurs through the superexchange interaction path $J_1$. There are two strongly interacting spin exchange paths in $(VO)_2(H_2O){O_3P-(CH_2)_3-PO_3}{\cdot}2H_2O$. Therefore, magnetic susceptibility curve of $(VO)_2(H_2O){O_3P-(CH_2)_3-PO_3}{\cdot}2H_2O$ can be well reproduced by an alternating onedimensional antiferromagnetic chain model rather than an isolated spin dimer model.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2009

Protective behavior of radiological technologists against radiation exposure is important to achieve reduction of the patient doses without compromising medical achievements. This study attempts to provide a basic model for the sophisticated intervention strategy that increases the level of the protective behavior of the technologists. The model was applied to real situations in Korea to demonstrate its utility. The results of this study are summarized as follows: First, the protective environment showed the highest relationship in the factors considered, r=0.637 (p<0.01). Secondly, the important factors were protective environment in environment characteristics, expectation for the protective behavior 0.228 (p<0.001), self-efficacy 0.142 (p<0.001), and attitude for the protective behavior 0.178 (p<0.001) in personal characteristics, and daily patient -0.112 (p<0.001) and number of the participation in the education session for the protective behavior 0.074 (p<0.05). Thirdly, the final protective behavior model by a path analysis method had direct influence on the attitude 0.171 (p<0.01) and environment 0.405 (p<0.01) for the protective behavior, self efficacy 0.122 (p<0.01), expectation for the protective behavior 0.16 (p<0.01), and self-efficacy in the specialty of projects 0.154 (p<0.01). The acceptance of the model determined by the absolute fit index (GFI), 0.969, and by the incremental fit index (CFI), 0.943, showed very significant levels. Value of $x^2$/df that is a factor applied to verify the acceptance of the model was 37, which implies that the result can be accepted in the desirable range. In addition, the parsimonious fit index configured by AGFI (0.890) and TLI (0.852) was also considered as a scale that accepts the model in practical applications. In case of the establishment of some specific intervention strategies based on the protective behavior model against harmful radiation effects proposed in this study, the strategy will provide an effective way to prevent medical harmful radiation effects that could cause severe injuries to people.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.329-334
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• 2023

본 연구는 대학생이 지각한 기업의 ESG활동이 기업충성도, 구매의도에 미치는 영향 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 대학생이 인지한 ESG활동 평균을 살펴보면 5점 만점에 사회 4.28점, 지배구조 4.25점, 환경 4.12점 순으로 나타났으며, 고객충성도 평균은 5점 만점에 3점을 중앙값으로 봤을 때 3.86점으로, 구매의도는 3.84점으로 나타났다. 대학생이 지각한 기업의 ESG활동, 고객충성도, 구매의도 요인들간의 상관관계를 살펴보면 정적인 상관계수의 값을 가지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 대학생이 지각한 ESG활동이 고객충성도에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 [모델1]에서 고객충성도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 변인은 전공(β=.167 p=.01) 이었다. [모델2]에 추가로 투입된 변인들 중 고객충성도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 변인은 환경(t=3.017, p<.01), 사회((t=4.365, p<.001), 지배구조(t=-3.139, p<.01)이 고객충성도에 유의미한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 대학생이 지각한 ESG활동이 구매의도에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 [모델1]에서 구매의도에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않았다. [모델2]에 추가로 투입된 변인들 중 사회(t=4.850, p<.001), 지배구조(t=-3.452, p<.01)가 구매의도에 유의미한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다.

• 공업화학
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.189-193
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• 1992

The success of 3M's worldwide Pollution Prevention Pays (3P) Program convinced 3M's top management that the program should be expanded into a comprehensive environmental management system called 3P Plus. The emphasize of the 3P Plus program is to continually minimize the environmental impact of 3M processes, products, and operations to include energy management, resource recovery, and other initiatives. 3M's experience with the 3P and 3P Plus programs will be described. 3M's experience can serve as a model for other multi-national companies interested in sustainable development and economic growth with environmental protection.