• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.109-124
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• 2016

The objective of this paper is to find the density, stiffness, and strength of truss-wall diamond corrugation model combined with pinwheel truss inside space. The truss-wall diamond corrugation (TDC) model is defined as a unit cell coming from solid-wall diamond corrugation (SDC) model. Pinwheel truss-wall diamond corrugation (P-TDC) model is made by TDC connected with pinwheel structure inside of the space. Derived ideal solutions of P-TDC is based on truss-wall and pinwheel truss model at first. And then it is compared with Gibson-Ashby's ideal solution. To validate the ideal solutions of the P-TDC, ABAQUS software is used to predict the density, strength, and stiffness, and then each of them are compared to the ideal solution of Gibson-Ashby with a log-log scale. Applied material property is stainless steel 304 because of having cost effectiveness. Applied parameters for P-TDC are 1 thru 5 mm diameter within fixed opening width as 4mm. In conclusion, the relative Young's modulus and relative yield strength of the P-TDC unit model is reasonable matched to the ideal expectations of the Gibson-Ashby's theory. In nearby future, P-TDC model is hoped to be applied to make sandwich core structure by advanced technologies such as 3D printing skills.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.214-220
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• 2011

$\beta$-Glucosidase enzyme reaction under high hydrostatic pressure was investigated in terms of physical chemistry. A model substrate (p-nitrophenyl-${\beta}$-D-glucopyranoside(pNPG)) was used, and the pressure effects on the enzymatic hydrolysis (pNPG${\rightarrow}$pNP) at 25 MPa, 50 MPa, 75 MPa, and 100 MPa were analyzed. Two parts of the reaction such as kinetic and equilibrium stages were considered for mathematical modelling, and their physicochemical parameters such as forward and inverse reaction constants, equilibrium constant, volume change by pressure, etc. were mathematically modeled. The product concentration increased with pressure, and the two stages of reaction were observed. Prediction models were derived to numerically compute the product concentrations according to reaction time over kinetic to equilibrium stages under high pressure condition. Conclusively, the $\beta$-Glucosidase enzyme reaction could be activated by pressurization within 100 MPa, and the developed models were very successful in their prediction.

• Plant Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.37-41
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• 2021

P&ID((Piping and Instrument Diagram) is a key drawing in the engineering industry because it contains information about the units and instrumentation of the plant. Until now, simple repetitive tasks like listing symbols in P&ID drawings have been done manually, consuming lots of time and manpower. Currently, a deep learning model based on CNN(Convolutional Neural Network) is studied for drawing object detection, but the detection time is about 30 minutes and the accuracy is about 90%, indicating performance that is not sufficient to be implemented in the real word. In this study, the detection of symbols in a drawing is performed using 1-stage object detection algorithms that process both region proposal and detection. Specifically, build the training data using the image labeling tool, and show the results of recognizing the symbol in the drawing which are trained in the deep learning model.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.186-198
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• 1990

인간 소뇌의 구조와 기능을 간략하게 수학적으로 모델링하여 입력에 따른 시스템의 적정 출력을 학습에 의한 적응 제어 방식으로 추출해 내는 소뇌모델 대수제어기(CMAC : Cerebellar Model Arithmetic Controller)가 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 연구개발된 기존 신경회로망과의 비교 분석에 의거하여, 소뇌모델 대수제어기 대신 네트의 특성에 따라 소뇌모델 선형조합 신경망(CMLAN : Cerebellum Model Linear Associator Network)이라 하였다. 소뇌모델 선형조합 신경망은 시스템의 제어 함수치를 결정하는 데 있어, 기존의 제어방식이 시스템의 모델링을 기초로 하여 알고리즘에 의한 수치해석적 또는 분석적 기법으로 모델 해를 산출하는 것과 달리, 학습을 통하여 저장되는 분산기억 소자들의 함수치를 선형적으로 조합함으로써 시스템의 입출력을 결정한다. 분산기억 소자로의 함수치 산정 및 저장은 소뇌모델 선형조합 신경망이 갖는 고유의 구조적 상태공간 매핑(State Space Mapping)과 델타규칙(Delta Rule)에 의거한 시스템의 입출력 상태함수의 학습으로써 수행된다. 본 논문을 통하여 소뇌모델 선형조합신경망의 구조적 특성, 학습 성질과 상태공간 설정 및 시스템의 수렴성을 규명하였다. 또한 기존의 최대 편차수정 학습 알고리즘이 갖는 비능률성 및 적용 제한성을 극복한 효율적 학습 알고리즘들을 제시하였다. 언급한 신경망의 특성 및 제안된 학습 알고리즘들의 능률성을 다양한 학습이득(Learning Gain)하에서 비선형 함수를 컴퓨터로 모의 시험하여 예시하였다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.180-190
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal amount of 2 ingredients, i.e., black barley flour ($X_1$), and olive oil ($X_2$), for the production of white pan bread from black barley flour. The experiment was designed according to the central composite design of response surface methodology, which showed 10 experimental points, including 2 replicates for black barley flour and olive oil. Significant differences were found in the results of the physical and mechanical properties analysis of each sample, including weight (p<0.05), volume (p<0.01), specific loaf volume (p<0.01), color L (p<0.01), color a (p<0.001), color b (p<0.05), hardness (p<0.001), springiness (p<0.01), cohesiveness (p<0.01), gumminess (p<0.001) and chewiness (p<0.05). Significant differences in the sensory measurements were observed in color (p<0.01), appearance (p<0.01), texture (p<0.05), taste (p<0.05) and overall quality (p<0.05). The optimum formulation, which was calculated using the numerical and graphical methods, was determined to be 18.00% black barley flour and 1.80% olive oil.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.89.1-89.1
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• 2010

Cassini/VIMS 관측에 의하면 타이탄의 3 마이크론 파장영역에서 다른 파장 대와 달리 메탄 분자만으로는 관측 값에 맞는 모델을 만들기 힘든 특이한 형태의 흡수 밴드 영역이 발견되었다 (Bellucci et al. 2009, Icarus, v. 201, p. 198). 이 파장영역은 행성뿐만 아니라 ISM (Interstellar Medium)과 혜성 등에서 연구 되고 있는 C-H stretching band와 흡사한 구조를 가지고 있다. 이러한 구조는 타이탄 연무 속에 포함된 유기물질에 의한 것으로 추정된다. 본 연구는 최근까진 개발된 복사방정식 모델과 2006년 Cassini/VIMS가 관측한 고도에 따른 solar occultation 데이터를 비교하여 밴드구조의 실체를 알아보는 것이 주 목적이다. 우리는 고도 별로 다르게 나타나는 흡수밴드의 파장 영역을 세밀히 나눈 후 메탄과 함께 유기물질의 연무가 더해진 모델을 만들었다. 도출된 유기물질의 구조가 관측된 밴드 구조에 미치는 영향을 알아보고 앞으로의 연구 방향을 제시 할 것이다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.106 no.4
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• pp.480-486
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• 2017

This study was conducted to develop the merchantable stem volume models to predict the volume up to upper diameter or upper height out of the total stem volume, targeting on Pinus densiflora, Pinus koraiensis, and Larix kaempferi in South Korea. The 131 stemmed sample trees for stem analysis were used as the data for developing the models. The six kinds of merchantable volume equations including merchantable volume ratio form, ratio form, and exponential ratio form were examined to develop the best models. The two models were finally selected as the best models to predict the merchantable volume: $V_d=V_t\{{\exp}[{\alpha}_1(d^{{\alpha}_2}/D^{{\alpha}_3})]\}$ for upper diameter and $V_h=V_t\{1+{\beta}_1(P^{{\beta}_2}/H^{{\beta}_3})\}$ for upper height. By rearranging the best model equations, implicit taper functions were derived, and the estimation was performed for the upper height by upper diameter and upper diameter by upper height. Because of not only the high accuracy but also the convenience, the models developed in this study were considered to be easily applicable in the field of forestry.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.795-804
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• 1999

The increasing number of users of mobile communication systems and the corresponding need for increased system capacity require the use of a modulation scheme which is both power and spectrally efficient. In this paper, we numerically calculate the BER performance of DS/CDMA-BPSK system in different fading channel (Rayleigh, Rician, Shadow Rician). Also, we calculate BER performance and the channel capacity of DS/CDMA-BPSK system which is constant or nearly constant envelopes in 3-state fading channel model. The Shadow Rician fading model described in this paper apply the parameters of the Canadian Mobile Satellite (MSAT). And we assume that the 3-state fading channel model is consist of Rayleigh fading state, Rician fading state, and shadow Rician fading state. This model can be used as a basis for the simulation of the land mobile satellite channel. The dynamic 3-state fading channel model is considered corresponding to different environments and the transitions between these environments. From the numerically calculate results, the DS/CDMA-BPSK system with MUI-20, PG-511 can not achieve the BER performance ($P_b\leq10^{-5}$). And the channel capacity did not meet the system requirement. Also, we know that the BER performance is depend m the occupancy probability of radio channel and the degree of shadow. From the results, we how that during shadowed time intervals it is necessary to use some form of error control coding and receiver diversity in order to support reliable data communication.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.371-380
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• 2023

Relation extraction is to extract relationships between named entities from text. Traditionally, relation extraction methods only extract relations between predetermined subject and object entities. However, in end-to-end relation extraction, all possible relations must be extracted by considering the positions of the subject and object for each pair of entities, and so this method uses time and resources inefficiently. To alleviate this problem, this paper proposes a method that sets directions based on the positions of the subject and object, and extracts relations according to the directions. The proposed method utilizes existing relation extraction data to generate direction labels indicating the direction in which the subject points to the object in the sentence, adds entity position tokens and entity type to sentences to predict the directions using a pre-trained language model (KLUE-RoBERTa-base, RoBERTa-base), and generates representations of subject and object entities through probabilistic crossover operation. Then, we make use of these representations to extract relations. Experimental results show that the proposed model performs about 3 ~ 4%p better than a method for predicting integrated labels. In addition, when learning Korean and English data using the proposed model, the performance was 1.7%p higher in English than in Korean due to the number of data and language disorder and the values of the parameters that produce the best performance were different. By excluding the number of directional cases, the proposed model can reduce the waste of resources in end-to-end relation extraction.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.149-160
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• 2008

As individual users have to provide more information than the minimum for using information communication service, the invasion of privacy of Individual users is increasing. That is why client/server based personal information security platform technologies are being developed such as P3P, EPAL and XACML. By the way enterprises and organizations using primarily role based access control can not use these technologies. because those technologies apply access control policies to individual subjects. In this paper, we suggest an expression language for privacy enhancing role-based access control policy. Suggested privacy enhancing role-based access control policy language model is a variation of XACML which uses matching method and condition, and separately contains elements of role, purpose, and obligation. We suggest policy language model for permission assignment in this paper, shows not only privacy policy scenario with policy document instance, but also request context and response context for helping understanding.