• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.769-779
• /
• 1994

The root of Bupleurum falcatum L.(BF) has been widely used in oriental medicine as a major camponent in many prescriptions for chronic hepatitis, renal disease, tuberculosis and some other infectious diseases. Many attempts have done to investigate the therapeutic effects of these principles. However, any kinds of screenig on immune regulatory- and antitumor- effects of BF has not been reported. The present study, therefore, was undertaken to investigate the BF-effects on cellular- and humoral-immune responses, phagocytic activities of macrophages, lymphokine- and Immunoglobulin(Ig)-production of lymphocytes, tumorigenesis of implanted sarcoma 180 cells and B16 melanoma cells, and proliferations of some tumor cell lines(Fsa II, 3LL and EL4). BF increased phagocytic activities of mouse peritoneal macrophages in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. Arthus reaction and antibody responses to SRBC were slightly enhanced but delayed hypersensitivity was depresed when BF was injected before- and after-SRBC sensitization. BF inhibited the proliferative responses of human tonsillar lymphocytes to PHA- and Con A-stimulation but slightly augmented the response of these cells to Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1(SAC)-activation. Ig secretion of human mononuclear cells activated with SAC was slightly increased by BF. BF significantly augmented the SAC-induced IL 6 production of human mononuclear cells but not influenced Con Ainduced IL 2 secretion. NK cell activities of mouse splenocytes were somewhat increased when BF was pretreated and this responses were due to the increment of binding affinities of effector cells to target cells and of lytic activities of effector cells against target cells. In vitro BF significantly inhibited the proliferations of cancer cells such as Fsa II, 3LL and EL4 strains. BF decreased not only the frequency of tumor induction but also the tumor size per sarcoma 180 or B16 cell-implanted mouse. Taken together, these results indicate that BF is one of the potential immunomodulator, and suggest its possibility to be used as a desirable antitumor agent.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.365-372
• /
• 1996

St. Thomas' 심정지액 I과 II가 백서 배양심근세포에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 심장 박동수, MTT 정량, LDH 정량 및 형태학적 관찰을 시행하였다. 백서의 심근 세포를72시간 배양한 후St. Thomas' 심정지액 I과 H에 30분및 120분간 처리한후24 시간 동안 배양하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 심근 세포 박동수는 대조군이 분당 154회, St. Thomas' 심정지액 I 에 120분 처리한 실험군에서는 147회, II 120분처리군에서는 145회로대조군에 비하여 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 2. MTT 정량 결과St. Thomas' 심정지액 1120분 처리군에서는대조군의 102%로나타났으며. R B2O 분처리군에서는 93%로 대조군에 비하여 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 3. LDH정량 결과 St. Thomas' 심정지액 1120분처리군에서는대조군의 123%로나타났으며, R 120 분처리군에서는 109%로 약간의 증가를 보였다. 4. 광학현미경적 관찰결과세포수및 세포 형태에 있어서 대조군과 실험군간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 5.전자현미경적 관찰 결과St. Thomas'심정지액 I 처리군에서는소수의 미토콘드리아파괴가관찰되 었으며, II 처리군에서는대조군과유사한소견을보였다. 이상의 실 瘟嘯倖?종합하여 볼때, St. Thomas'심정지액 I과 II는백서 배양심근세포에 세포독성 을 나타내지 않았으나,전자현미경적 관찰결과심정지액 II가심정지액 I에 비하여 심근보호효과가 더 양호한 것으로 생각된다.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.291-296
• /
• 2018

Chemical carcinogenesis is a multistep process. Genotoxic carcinogens, which are DNA-reactive, induce DNA adduct formation and genetic alterations in target cells, thereby generating mutated cells (initiation). Subsequently, preneoplastic lesions appear through clonal proliferation of the mutated cells and transform into tumors (promotion and progression). Many factors may influence these processes in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, quantitative analysis plays an important role in studies on the carcinogenic threshold of genotoxic carcinogens. Herein, we present data on the relationship between key carcinogenic events and their deriving point of departure (PoD). Their PoDs were also compared to those of the carcinogenesis pathway. In an experiment, the liver of rats exposed to 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo-(4,5-f)quinoxaline (MeIQx) was examined to determine the formation of MeIQx-DNA adducts, generation of mutations at LacI transgene, and induction of preneoplastic glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-positive foci and tumors (benign and malignant). The PoDs of the above key events in the carcinogenicity of MeIQx were increased as the carcinogenesis advanced; however, these PoDs were lower than those of tumor induction. Thus, the order of key events during tumor induction in the liver was as follows: formation of DNA adducts ${\ll}$ Mutations ${\ll}$ GST-positive foci (preneoplasia) ${\ll}$ Tumor (adenoma and carcinoma). We also obtained similar data on the genotoxic and carcinogenic PoDs of other hepatocarcinogens, such as 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline. These results contribute to elucidating the existence of a genotoxic and carcinogenic threshold.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.114-120
• /
• 2006

백련 뿌리 및 잎과 조릿대는 과거부터 약용으로 사용해 왔지만 아직까지 연구도 많이 이루어지지 않았고, 항당뇨 효과에 대한 연구도 거의 없었다. 본 연구에서는 백련 뿌리 및 잎과 조릿대의 추출물과 분획물이 in vitro에서 인슐린 작용, 인슐린 분비 또는 탄수화물의 소화에 효과적인지를 조사함으로 항당뇨에 효과적인지 여부를 조사하였다. 백련 뿌리 및 잎과 조릿대의 추출물은 각각 물로 추출하여 항당뇨 효과를 조사하였다. 또한 백련 뿌리 및 잎과 조릿대의 3 : 2 : 3으로 혼합하여 물로 추출한 후 이를 메탄올과 물을 섞은 용액으로 단계별로 XAD-4 column으로 분획하였다. 백련 뿌리 및 잎과 조릿대의 추출물과 혼합물의 분획물은 고농도(1 mg/mL)에서도 MTT 방법으로 측정하였을 때 세포 독성을 나타내지 않았다. 백련 뿌리와 조릿대 물추출물은 인슐린 작용을 향상시키는 효능이 있었고, 백련잎 물추출물은 ${\alpha}-amylase$를 억제하여 탄수화물의 소화 흡수를 지연시켰다. 이에 백련 뿌리 및 잎과 조릿대를 3 : 2 : 3으로 혼합하였을 때 20과 80% 메탄올층은 3T3-L1 지방세포에 처리하였을 때 인슐린의 작용을 향상시켜 포도당의 흡수를 증가시키는 효과가 인슐린을 10 nM을 처리한 것 만큼 효과적으로 포도당 흡수를 증가시켰다. 이 층에는 3T3-L1 섬유아세포에 분화 유도물질과 함께 처리하였을 때 $PPAR-{\gamma}$ agonist인 rosiglitazone과 마찬가지로 지방 세포로의 분화를 촉진시키고 지방의 축적도 증가시켰다. 그러므로 80% 메탄올 층에는 $PPAR-{\gamma}$ agonist로 작용하는 물질이 함유되어 있을 가능성이 높다. 베타세포라인인 Min6 세포에 백련 뿌리 및 잎과 조릿대의 혼합물의 분획물을 처리한 후 저농도와 고농도 포도당 자극시 인슐린 분비를 측정하였을 때 두 농도에서 모두 인슐린 분비에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 또한 백련 뿌리 및 잎과 조릿대의 혼합물의 20, 60과 80% 메탄올 분획층은 탄수화물의 소화에 작용하는 효소인 ${\alpha}-amylase$의 활성을 16% 정도를 억제하는 효과가 있었다. 결론적으로 백련 뿌리 및 잎과 조릿대의 추출물과 분획물에는 인슐린 분비나 탄수화물의 소화에 관여하는 성분이 없지만, 인슐린 작용을 향상시키는 인슐린 민감성 물질이 함유되어 있을 가능성이 높다.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.277-282
• /
• 2002

Topoisomearse II is an essential enzyme in all organisms with several independent roles in DNA metabolism. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the C-terminal region of topoisomerases II is associated with hetero-logous protein-protein interactions in human and yeast. In this study, we identified that RTP1, a rat homologue of EIA binding protein BS69, is another topoisomerae II interacting protein by yeast two-hybrid screening. RTP1 has an E1A-binding domain and a MYND motif, which are known to be required for transcriptional regulation by binding to other proteins and interaction with the leucine zipper motif of topoisomerase II. The physical interaction between RTP1 and topoisomerase ll$\alpha$ was examined by GST pull-down assay in vitro. The expression level of RTP1 peaks in S phase as that of topoisomerase ll$\alpha$. These results suggest that the interaction between topoisomerase ll$\alpha$ and RTP1 might play an important role in regulating the transcription of genes involved in DNA metabolism in higher eukaryotes.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
• /
• pp.310.3-311
• /
• 2002

Macrophages have been known to play an essential role in tumor angiogenesis and produce a number of growth stimulators and inhibitors. Thus macrophages appear to influence every stage of angiogenesis. In this report, TNF-$\alpha$ was able to induce the production of IFN-${\gamma}$ in cancer cell-contanted macrophage. TNF-${\gamma}$ alone released relatively little IFN-${\gamma}$ whereas live tumor cells (3LL) alone releasd IFN-${\gamma}$ markedly from macrophage. (omitted)

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제10권6호
• /
• pp.284-288
• /
• 2004

We have recently reported that red ginseng acidic polysaccharide (RGAP), isolated from Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer), showed immunomodulatory antitumor activities, mainly mediated by nitric oxide (NO) production by macrophage. In this study, we examined the effect of RGAP on anticancer activity using lung carcinoma 3LL, sarcoma 180 and adenocarcinoma JC tumor cells transplanted into mice as well as antimetastatic activity using B16-F10 melanoma. When RGAP (300 mg/kg) were treated to mice implanted with one of the three kinds of tumor cells, the tumor weight significantly decreased compared with control mice. Tumor inhibition ratios of RGAP (300 mg/kg) in mice transplanted with lung carcinoma 3LL, sarcoma 180 and adenocarcinoma JC cells were 26.8%, 29.3% and 31.6%, respectively. Hundred mg/kg of RGAP did not cause a significant decrease in tumor weight compared with control group. When RGAP was administered i.p. with the dose of 100 and 300 mg/kg in B16-F10 melanoma-bearing mice, lung metastasis were reduced significantly in mice. Corrected phagocytic index was also remarkably increased by RGAP. These results suggest that stimulation of phagocytic activity of macrophages may be a mechanism for in vivo anticancer and antimetastasis activities of RGAP.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제39권12호
• /
• pp.1854-1859
• /
• 2010

전통 재래식 메주 3종을 수집하여 호기성 생균수, 유산균수, 효모 및 곰팡이의 수를 측정한 결과 각각 $10^7\sim10^8$ CFU/ g, $10^6\sim10^8$ CFU/g, $10^7\sim10^8$ CFU/g의 분포를 나타내었고, 일반적으로 메주의 발효에 가장 크게 관여하고 있는 효모 및 곰팡이이 외에도 유산균 역시 메주의 발효에 깊이 관여하고 있는 주요 균주인 것으로 나타났다. 재래식 메주로부터 몇 종의 유산균을 분리한 후, 3종의 우수균주를 선별하여 동정을 실시한 결과, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactococcus lactis로 밝혀졌으며, 이들을 각각 Lm-SMm, Lp-SMm, Ll-GAm로 명명하였다. 3종 유산균의 효소 활성을 측정한 결과, 모두 protease, lipase, $\alpha$-amylase 활성을 나타내었고 특히 Ll-GAm이 상대적으로 높은 효소 활성을 나타내었다. DPPH를 이용하여 항산화 효과를 측정한 결과, Lm-SMm, Lp-SMm, Ll-GAm은 각각 45%, 48%, 60%의 free radical 소거 효과를 나타내었고, MTT assay를 이용하여 HT-29 인체 결장암 세포 성장억제 효과를 측정한 결과 각각 45%, 67%, 70%의 성장억제 효과를 나타내었다. 따라서 전통메주로부터 분리한 우수한 유산균은 장류제조 산업에 있어서 적용성이 있을 것으로 생각되어지며, 메주 제조에 있어서 스타터로 사용되었을 때 장류제품의 품질을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한암한의학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 2015

Objective : The objective of this study was to investigate the experimental efficacy of anti-tumor activity of the complexed herbal formula, Onbaekwon (OBW), which was derived from the literature of Traditional Korean Medicine, Dongeuibogam. Methods : Nine Cancer cell lines, LoVo, MCF-7, HepG2, AGS, A549, NCI-H69, HL-60, Sarcoma 180, LL/2, were prepared and the cytotoxicity was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-dephenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Four of them, NCI-H69, HL-60, Sarcoma 180, and LL/2, showed strong cytotoxic activities and they were additionally undergone flow cytometry to find out their effects on apoptosis. ICR male mice were implanted with Sarcoma 180 intraperitoneally and divided into 8 species for each group. Control group was treated with normal saline, positive control group was treated with cyclophosphamide 8mg/kg, and experimental group was treated with OBW 1 g/kg. Results : Among 9 cancer cell lines, NCI-H69, HL-60, Sarcoma 180, and LL/2, expressed less than 0.10 mg/ml of $IC_{50}$ under 0.1~1mg/ml of OBW. NCI-H69, HL-60, Sarcoma 180, and LL/2, showed dose-dependent efficacy of apoptosis. When Sarcoma 180 cancer cell was implanted in ICR male mice and treated with the OBW, they prolonged the median overall survival for 0.8 days, from 17.5 to 18.3. Conclusion : OBW showed strong cytotoxicity to some cancer cells, which are NCI-H69, HL-60, Sarcoma 180, and LL/2, and its apoptotic activity was dose-dependent. OBW prolonged the median survival of mice implanted with Sarcoma 180. Further researches would be expected to support the efficacy of OBW.

• Animal cells and systems
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.77-83
• /
• 2001

The present study was conducted to elucidate whether the expression level of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is related to the ultraviolet radiation (UV)-induced apoptosis. After treatment of the mammalian cell lines HeLa S3 and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) with 50 J/m2 UV, induction of apoptosis was determined by several means during 24 h post-incubation. Incidence of apoptosis was much lower in CHO than HeLa S3 cells based on the percentage of apoptotic cells in terms of morphological changes in nucleus or direct counting of viable cells and qualitative or quantitative DNA fragmentation. Interestingly, when the expression level of PARP was measured by western blotting, the amounts of PARP that was retained at each time point inversely correlated with the incidences of apoptosis in these cells. Concomitant with generation of the 85 kDa fragment, 116 kDa PARP disappeared in HeLa S3 within 6 h after UV treatment, whereas a fair amounts of 116 kDa band was still retained in CHO cells at 36 h post-incubation. This inverse relationship was also observed in the adaptive response system, in which cells weve treated with a high dose of UV after pretreatment with a low dose. As expected, typical adaptive responses appeared in CHO cells but not in HeLa cells, showing greater cell viability and lesser DNA fragmentation. During the adaptive response in CHO cells, PARP was expressed at much higher level compared to the single, high dose-treated cells. Interestingly, even though PARP was induced at 6 h post-incubation In both cell types, its expression was more prominent in CHO cells. Thus, our data indicate that the retained level of intact PARP against UV damage inversely correlates with incidence of apoptosis in mammalian cells, and also suggest that a machinery to protect the PARP degradation against UV damage exists in CHO but not in HeLa S3 cells.