• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.261-265
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• 2014

Three-dimensional computed tomography is an effective tool to estimate the liver volume of living donors for the live liver transplantation. When additional operation is required, magnetic resonance imaging is conducted to determine the safety of the donor. This study compared the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in estimating 3D liver volume of 23 male and 7 female donors who underwent both magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography tests before the transplantation. The analysis was conducted to see whether the liver's estimated total volumes and the left lobe volumes obtained from 3D-magnetic resonance imaging and 3D-computed tomography were identical. Volumes of the right lobe estimated with 3D-magnetic resonance imaging and 3D-computed tomography were compared with the actual volume of the right lobe harvested in the operating room because the volume of the right lobe is an important determinant in the safety of the donor. The total volume of the liver estimated from 3D-magnetic resonance imaging and 3D-computed tomography differed (1238.1904 units and 1402.364 units respectively). The left lobe volume of the liver estimated with 3D-magnetic resonance imaging and 3D-computed tomography also differed (450.530 units and 554.490 units, respectively). The right lobe volume of the liver estimated with 3D-magnetic resonance imaging and 3D-computed tomography were 787.660 units and 847.545 units, respectively, while the actual average right lobe volume of the harvested liver was 678.636 units. 3D-computed tomography has been widely used to estimate the right lobe volume of the donors' liver. However, 3D-magnetic resonance imaging was also very effective in estimating the volume of the liver. Thus, 3D-magnetic resonance imaging is also expected to become an important tool in determining the safety of the donors before transplantation.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.430-437
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• 2016

Background Accurate breast volume assessment is a prerequisite to preoperative planning, as well as intraoperative decision making in breast reconstruction surgery. The use of three-dimensional surface imaging (3D scanning) to assess breast volume has many advantages. However, before employing 3D scanning in the field, the tool's validity should be demonstrated. The purpose of this study was to confirm the validity of 3D-scanning technology for evaluating breast volume. Methods We reviewed the charts of 25 patients who underwent breast reconstruction surgery immediately after total mastectomy. Breast volumes using the Axis Three 3D scanner, water-displacement technique, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were obtained bilaterally in the preoperative period. During the operation, the tissue removed during total mastectomy was weighed and the specimen volume was calculated from the weight. Then, we compared the volume obtained from 3D scanning with those obtained using the water-displacement technique, MRI, and the calculated volume of the tissue removed. Results The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of breast volumes obtained from 3D scanning, as compared to the volumes obtained using the water-displacement technique and specimen weight, demonstrated excellent reliability. The ICC of breast volumes obtained using 3D scanning, as compared to those obtained by MRI, demonstrated substantial reliability. Passing-Bablok regression showed agreement between 3D scanning and the water-displacement technique, and showed a linear association of 3D scanning with MRI and specimen volume, respectively. Conclusions When compared with the classical water-displacement technique and MRI-based volumetry, 3D scanning showed significant reliability and a linear association with the other two methods.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.1525-1536
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• 2021

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of cine three-dimensional (3D) balanced steady-state free precession (b-SSFP) imaging combined with a non-local means (NLM) algorithm for image denoising in evaluating cardiac function in children with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (rTOF). Materials and Methods: Thirty-five patients with rTOF (mean age, 12 years; range, 7-18 years) were enrolled to undergo cardiac cine image acquisition, including two-dimensional (2D) b-SSFP, 3D b-SSFP, and 3D b-SSFP combined with NLM. End-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), and ejection fraction (EF) of the two ventricles were measured and indexed by body surface index. Acquisition time and image quality were recorded and compared among the three imaging sequences. Results: 3D b-SSFP with denoising vs. 2D b-SSFP had high correlation coefficients for EDV, ESV, SV, and EF of the left (0.959-0.991; p < 0.001) as well as right (0.755-0.965; p < 0.001) ventricular metrics. The image acquisition time ± standard deviation (SD) was 25.1 ± 2.4 seconds for 3D b-SSFP compared with 277.6 ± 0.7 seconds for 2D b-SSFP, indicating a significantly shorter time with the 3D than the 2D sequence (p < 0.001). Image quality score was better with 3D b-SSFP combined with denoising than with 3D b-SSFP (mean ± SD, 3.8 ± 0.6 vs. 3.5 ± 0.6; p = 0.005). Signal-to-noise ratios for blood and myocardium as well as contrast between blood and myocardium were higher for 3D b-SSFP combined with denoising than for 3D b-SSFP (p < 0.05 for all but septal myocardium). Conclusion: The 3D b-SSFP sequence can significantly reduce acquisition time compared to the 2D b-SSFP sequence for cine imaging in the evaluation of ventricular function in children with rTOF, and its quality can be further improved by combining it with an NLM denoising method.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.1264-1272
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• 2012

Three-dimensional volume rendering method which shows the inside of human body is widely used in medical imaging area. Existing medical imaging system using a volume rendering method already has provided a variety of three-dimensional results. Recently existing results in the medical imaging among physicians and patients to facilitate communication have been studied since smart device which has advantage of portability applied in the medical imaging. In this paper, we propose 3D volume visualization system for a relatively low spec portable smart devices by using 2D textures and we also implements 2D diagnostic images of portable medical imaging visualization system.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.603-615
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• 2016

In this study, in order to determine the validity and accuracy of MR imaging of 3D gradient dual echo 2-point DIXON technique for measuring abdominal adipose tissue volume and distribution, the measurements obtained by CT were set as a reference for comparison and their correlations were evaluated. CT and MRI scans were performed on each subject (17 healthy male volunteers who were fully informed about this study) to measure abdominal adipose tissue volume. Two skilled investigators individually observed the images acquired by CT and MRI in an independent environment, and directly separated the total volume using region-based thresholding segmentation method, and based on this, the total adipose tissue volume, subcutaneous adipose tissue volume and visceral adipose tissue volume were respectively measured. The correlation of the adipose tissue volume measurements with respect to the observer was examined using the Spearman test and the inter-observer agreement was evaluated using the intra-class correlation test. The correlation of the adipose tissue volume measurements by CT and MRI imaging methods was examined by simple regression analysis. In addition, using the Bland-Altman plot, the degree of agreement between the two imaging methods was evaluated. All of the statistical analysis results showed highly statistically significant correlation (p<0.05) respectively from the results of each adipose tissue volume measurements. In conclusion, MR abdominal adipose volumetry using the technique of 3D gradient dual echo 2-point DIXON showed a very high level of concordance even when compared with the adipose tissue measuring method using CT as reference.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.589-592
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• 2005

Since G.N. Hounsfield's clinical use of computed tomography in 1971, digital imaging technique using computers has shown an eye opening progress. Progress has made 3-dimensional understanding of not only facial bones but muscles and other connective tissues possible through 3-dimensional reconstruction of preexisting tomographical images. Also, quantitative analysis of density, distance, volume has become possible, allowing objective analysis of preoperative and postoperative states through imaging. The authors measured the masseter muscle volume of 20 normal individuals and 8 female patients through 3-D reconstructive CT imaging and made a statistical analysis of the measurements. The method used in our study may be applied to the diagnosis of disease causing the change of the facial volume and presurgical design as a useful tool to provide objective information on the evaluation of surgery outcome.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.227-234
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• 2002

This study was conducted to nondestructively estimate the volumetric information of peach and pit and to visualize the 3D information of internal structure from magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) data. Bruker Biospec 7T spectrometer operating at a proton reosonant frequency of 300 MHz was used for acquisition of MRI data of peach. Image processing algorithms and visualization techniques were implemented by using MATLAB (Mathworks) and Visualization Toolkit(Kitware), respectively. Thresholding algorithm and Kohonen's self organizing map(SOM) were applied to MRI data fur region segmentation. Volumetric information were estimated from segemented images and compared to the actual measurements. The average prediction errors of peach and pit volumes were 4.5%, 26.1%, respectively for the thresholding algorithm. and were 2.1%, 19.9%. respectively for the SOM. Although we couldn't get the statistically meaningful results with the limited number of samples, the average prediction errors were lower when the region segmentation was done by SOM rather than thresholding. The 3D visualization techniques such as isosurface construction and volume rendering were successfully implemented, by which we could nondestructively obtain the useful information of internal structures of peach.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.29 no.3E
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• pp.111-118
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• 2010

Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging is a new, exciting technology that allows physicians to use ultrasound to view pathology as a volume, thereby enhancing comprehension of patient anatomy. In this paper, a brief history of the 3-D ultrasound imaging is described in accordance with the development of transducer technology. Then, two representative types of 3-D imaging transducers are reviewed with description of the concept and operation principle of each type: mechanical transducer and matrix array transducer. The mechanical transducer is detailed into free-hand scanning and sequential scanning types. Advantages of each transducer over the other and the technical issues for further performance enhancement are also presented.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

According that most integral imaging techniques have used rectangular lens array, this integrated distribution of light is recorded in the form of a rectangular grid. However, hexagonal lens array gives a more accurate approximation of ideal circular lens and provides higher pickup/display density than rectangular lens array[4]. Using the parallel processing technique in order to generate the elemental imaging for hexagonal lens array, each pixel that compose the elemental imaging should be determined to belong to the hexagonal lens. This process is output to the screen for every pixel in progress, and many computations are required. In this paper, we have proposed parallel processing method using an OpenCL to generate the elemental imaging for hexagonal lens array in 3D volume date. In the experimental result of proposed method show speed of 20~60 fps for hexagonal lens array of $20{\times}20$ sizes and input data of Male[$128{\times}256{\times}256$] volume data.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.206-212
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• 2007

To evaluate the HU value of the IV catheter fragment of CT on the accuracy and size in the peripheral vein. Pilot study of profile and table functions on PC by software was calculated of HU value of IV catheter fragment. This study demonstrates the utility of volume rendering technique to localize a small, subtle IV catheter, which can easily be reformatted of MDCT reformations. IV catheter fragment optimal image described as threshold range. Volume rendering of HU using a MDCT is an excellent method for evaluation the IV catheter fragment in three dimension.