• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.181-193
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• 2010

The paper presents an alternative way to classical stereocorrelation. First, 2D image processing of random patterns is described. Sub-pixel displacements are determined using phase analysis. Then distortion evaluation is presented. The distortion is identified without any assumption on the lens model because of the use of a grid technique approach. Last, shape measurement and shape variation is caught by fringe projection. Analysis is based on two pin-hole assumptions for the video-projector and the camera. Then, fringe projection is coupled to in-plane displacement to give rise to 3D measurement set-up. Metrological characterization shows a resolution comparable to classical (stereo) correlation technique ($1/100^{th}$ pixel). Spatial resolution seems to be an advantage of the method, because of the use of temporal phase stepping (shape measurement, 1 pixel) and windowed Fourier transform (in plane displacements measurement, 9 pixels). Two examples are given. First one is the study of skin properties; second one is a study on leather fabric. In both cases, results are convincing, and have been exploited to give mechanical interpretation.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.57-60
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• 2004

Glycyrrhizin (18$\beta$-glycyrrhetinic acid-3-O-$\beta$-D-glucuronopyranosyl-(1$\rightarrow2)-\beta$-D-glucuronide, GL) was transformed to 18$\beta$-glycyrrhetinic acid-3-O-$\beta$-D-glucuronide (GAMG) by Streptococcus LJ-22. The antiallergic activities of GL and GAMG was measured using a RBL cell assay system and contact hypersensitivity model mice. GAMG exhibited anti-allergic activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 0.28 mM. GAMG, which is sweeter than GL, and 18$\beta$-glycyrrhetinic acid, which is a GAMG metabolite by human intestinal bacteria, also inhibited the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis and skin contact inflammation. In conclusion, GAMG may be useful as a new sweet food additive and an anti-allergic agent.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.112-115
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• 2016

This paper demonstrates a scalp-implantable miniaturized antenna at the medical implant communication service (MICS) (402-405MHz) band. The antenna size is only $27.63mm^3$($8.5mm{\times}6.5mm{\times}0.5mm$), which is the smallest antenna for the MICS band. Miniaturization is achieved by using a symmetrical serpentine shaped radiating patch and placing open-end slots in the ground plane. In addition, co-axial feeding is used for excitation with a shorting pin connected between the radiator and ground. The antenna was simulated in a homogeneous skin model and in the human scalp. An experimental prototype of the proposed antenna was fabricated and measured in a skin-mimicking gel. Good agreement was obtained between the measurement and simulation results, showing a broad bandwidth of 49 MHz (from 395 to 444 MHz) for |S11| less than -10 dB and a maximum gain of -42.87 dBi. This gain is higher than the previous MICS antenna with respect to antenna size.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 연직말뚝과 경사말뚝에 대하여 모형실험과 수치해석을 실시하여 경사말뚝의 거동 특성을 분석하였다. 상대밀도 79%인 모래지반에 경사각도 0$^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, 20$^{\circ}$, 30$^{\circ}$의 강관말뚝을 항타 관입하여 하중재하실험을 실시하였고, 상용 유한요소 프로그램인 PENTAGON 3D를 이용하여 수치해석을 수행하였다. 모형실험에 의한 경사말뚝의 축방향 지지 력은 경사각도가 $10^{\circ}$, 20$^{\circ}$, 30$^{\circ}$에서 연직말뚝에 비하여 111, 95, 81%로 나타났고, 수치해석의 결과도 다소 차이는 있지만 비슷하게 나타났다. 그러나 Petrasovits & Award의 결과는 경사각 $10^{\circ}$에서 모형실험 결과와 유사하지만, 경사각 20$^{\circ}$와 30$^{\circ}$에서는 모형실험결과를 과대평가하였다. 경사각도에 따른 주면마찰력과 선단하중은 모형실험과 수치해석 모두 $10^{\circ}$경사에서 최대값을 나타낸 후, 경사각도가 증가함에 따라 감소하였고, 전체하중에서 주면마찰력과 선단하중의 구성비율은 경사각도에 관계없이 거의 비슷하게 나타났다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.225-229
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• 2011

Extract of Taraxacum platycarpum (AF-343) has been reported to have several biological properties such as skin hydration and anti-inflammatory effects. Although clinical evidences of skin hydration and antiinflammatory effect were proven in clinical trial, precise mechanism of skin hydration was not fully understood yet. In this study, we have focused skin hydration mechanism related filaggrin, collagen, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) in vitro and animal study. Herein, skin hydration mechanism of AF-343 is due to recovery of filaggrin in mice model and increased production of collagen with suppression of matrix MMP in vitro fibroblast cell line.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.261-267
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• 2019

The rhizomes of Dioscorea japonica Thunb. are widely consumed as food and also used to treat diabetes and polyuria in Korea. This study was undertaken to study the anti-atopic dermatitis effects of a 95% ethanolic extract (DJE) of D. japonica in an oxazolone-stimulated murine model of atopic dermatitis (AD). The therapeutic effects of DJE on AD-like skin lesions were assessed on both ears. DJE (1%) or dexamethasone (0.5%; the positive control) were applied to skin lesions for three weeks. Serum levels of IgE and IL-4 were assessed by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). Histopathological examinations were performed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and toluidine blue staining and revealed DJE significantly reduced dermal thickness and inflammatory cell infiltration when applied to oxazolone-treated ear skin. DJE-treated AD mice also showed lower serum levels of IgE and IL-4 than oxazolone-stimulated controls. Our findings demonstrate DJE might be a useful safe, topical agent for the treatment of atopic diseases.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.420-427
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• 2011

The use of lactic-acid bacteria (LAB) is effective for preventing and curing immune disorders by activating the immune system in the digestive tract and the consequent immune response in the blood. In this study, LAB and mixed LABs were used in an atopic dermatitis (AD) mouse model. Alleviation of AD was observed based on the change in cytokine level and immunohistochemical staining. An ex vivo test showed that immunoglobulin-E and interleukin (IL)-4 levels were significantly lower in all groups treated with LAB than in the group treated with only 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. Results of an in vivo test based on the ex vivo results showed that the scratch score decreased in all groups treated with the LAB and particularly decreased in the group treated with mixed LABs. Additionally, the T helper (Th) 1 cytokines interferon-gamma and IL-12p40 were upregulated by the LAB and mixed-LABs, whereas levels of the Th2 cytokine IL-4 were downregulated in a mouse model of AD-like skin lesions. Furthermore, hematoxylin & eosin and immunohistochemical staining of the dorsal area of the mice in each group showed that AD improved in the LAB-treated groups. These results suggest that LAB and mixed LABs inhibit the development of AD in NC/Nga mice by suppressing the Th2 cell response and increasing the Th1 cell response. Our results indicate that mixed LABs are better than LAB for treating AD-like skin lesions.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.159-170
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• 2009

온라인 기반의 3차원 얼굴 애니메이션을 위해서 실시간으로 얼굴을 캡처하고 표정 데이터를 추출하는 것은 매우 중요한 작업이다. 최근 동영상 입력을 통해 연기자의 표정을 캡처하고 그것을 그대로 3차원 얼굴 모델에 표현하는 비전 기반(vision-based) 방법들에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문 에서는 실시간으로 입력되는 동영상으로부터 얼굴과 얼굴 특징점들을 자동으로 검출하고 이를 추적하는 시스템을 제안한다. 제안 시스템은 얼굴 검출과 얼굴 특징점 추출 및 추적과정으로 구성된다. 얼굴 검출은 3차원 YCbCr 피부 색상 모델을 이용하여 피부 영역을 분리하고 Harr 기반 검출기를 이용해 얼굴 여부를 판단한다. 얼굴 표정에 영향을 주는 눈과 입 영역의 검출은 밝기 정보와 특정 영역의 고유한 색상 정보를 이용한다. 검출된 눈과 입 영역에서 MPEG-4에서 정의한 FAP를 기준으로 10개의 특징점을 추출하고, 컬러 확률 분포의 추적을 통해 연속 프레임에서 특징점들의 변위를 구한다 실험 결과 제안 시스템 은 약 초당 8 프레임으로 표정 데이터를 추적하였다.

• Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.721-733
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: Because three-dimensional (3D) models more closely mimic native tissues, one of the goals of 3D in vitro tissue models is to aid in the development and toxicity screening of new drug therapies. In this study, a 3D skin wound healing model comprising of a collagen type I construct with fibrin-filled defects was developed. METHODS: Optical imaging was used to measure keratinocyte migration in the presence of fibroblasts over 7 days onto the fibrin-filled defects. Additionally, cell viability and growth of fibroblasts and keratinocytes was measured using the $alamarBlue^{(R)}$ assay and changes in the mechanical stiffness of the 3D construct was monitored using compressive indentation testing. RESULTS: Keratinocyte migration rate was significantly increased in the presence of fibroblasts with the cells reaching the center of the defect as early as day 3 in the co-culture constructs compared to day 7 for the control keratinocyte monoculture constructs. Additionally, constructs with the greatest rate of keratinocyte migration had reduced cell growth. When fibroblasts were cultured alone in the wound healing construct, there was a 1.3 to 3.4-fold increase in cell growth and a 1.2 to 1.4-fold increase in cell growth for keratinocyte monocultures. However, co-culture constructs exhibited no significant growth over 7 days. Finally, mechanical testing showed that fibroblasts and keratinocytes had varying effects on matrix stiffness with fibroblasts degrading the constructs while keratinocytes increased the construct's stiffness. CONCLUSION: This 3D in vitro wound healing model is a step towards developing a mimetic construct that recapitulates the complex microenvironment of healing wounds and could aid in the early studies of novel therapeutics that promote migration and proliferation of epithelial cells.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.341-347
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• 2019

Luffa cylindrica (LC) is a very fast-growing climber and its fruit have been considered as agricultural wastes. We conducted to check the comparative qualities of ethanol solvent extraction (LCE) and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (LCS) of L. cylindrica fruit and seed. LCS had higher antioxidant and polyphenol contents than LCE. LCS were significantly increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-a and involucrin expression as epidermal differentiation marker in 3D skin equivalent model. LCS also showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, a causative bacteria in atopic dermatitis. In addition, LCS inhibited the adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. When treated with the extract at a concentration of 100 ㎍/mL, the Wnt/β-catenin pathway reporter luciferase activity of HEK 293-TOP cells was increased approximately by 2-folds compared to that of the untreated control group. These results indicate that L. cylindrica supercritical carbon dioxide extract may serve as a cosmeceutical for improving skin barrier function and the treatment of obesity.