• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.451-461
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• 2000

The locus coeruleus(LG) is known to be observed a sexual dimorphism in rat CNS. LC is the largest collections of norepinephrine(NE)-containing neurons in the mammalian brain. Especially in rat, all LC neurons contained NE unlike other mammalians, so that specific reactions were found in the tyrosine-hydroxylase(TH) immunoreactive neurons. Sexual dimorphism of rat LC has affected by genes before sex hormone appeared, thereafter affected by sex hormones. In these day, many scientists founded morphological differences between male and female LC morphology, but differences of entire structure was not founded. Thus we investigated sex differences of the LC neuron's morphology in rat by three-dimensional(3-D) reconstruction using Confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM). We reported that neuron's shape was relatively-large multipolar neurons and neuron's processes in dorsal LC proceeded to ventral direction in the male and female rat. Male had a longer anterior-posterior length than female had in dorsal LC. In addition to middle-LC, male rat's LC had a more thicker posterior region but had not viewed in a previous study. In reverse, female rat's LC had a thicker anterior region like a previous study. This results using 3-D reconstruction by CLSM showed that the male's LC was more wide-ranging than female's relatively.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2007

We propose a 3D modeling method for surface inspection of non-constant velocity moving object. 1'lie laser lines reflect tile surface curvature. We can acquire 3D surface information by analyzing projected laser lines on object. In this paper, we use multi-line laser to improve the single stripe method and high speed of single frame. Binarization and edge extraction of frame image were proposed for robust laser each line extraction. A new labeling method was used for laser line labeling. We acquired some feature points for image matching from the frame data and juxtaposed the frames data to obtain a 3D shape image. We verified the superiority of proposed method by applying it to inspect container's damages.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.49-55
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• 2012

Background and Objectives This study was conducted to gather three dimensional images from computed tomogram in detecting and gaining information about fish bones. Materials and Methods Thirty-nine fish bones and 2 chicken leg bones were used. Bones sandwiched between the cotton sheets were placed into the 3 plastic boxes. Computed tomogram of the bones in the boxes were reconstructed three-dimensionally by Xelis (Infinitt, Korea) to make images of MPR, MIP and VR images. The images were compared with real chicken bones and fish bones as to possibility of detection, finding of location and orientation, and evaluation of shape and calculation of size. Results All 41 bones were detected in all reconstructed images. Distance to the bones from reference point can be measured and orientation can be checked. Shapes were similar between matched images of all real bones. Conclusion The results indicate the usefulness of 3D reconstruction technique in getting informations about fish bones.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.2844-2851
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• 2015

How to recover from the multiple 2D images into 3D object has been widely studied in the field of computer vision. In order to improve the accuracy of the recovered 3D shape, it is more important that noise must be minimized and the number of image frames must be guaranteed. However, potential noise is implied when tracking feature points. And the number of image frames which is consisted of an observation matrix usually decrease because of tracking failure, occlusions, or low image resolution, and so on. Therefore, it is obviously essential that the number of image frames must be secured by recovering the missing feature points under noise. Thus, we propose the analytic approach which can control directly the error distance and orientation of missing feature point by the geometrical properties under noise distribution. The superiority of proposed method is demonstrated through experimental results for synthetic and real object.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.14B no.6
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• pp.407-412
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• 2007

The performance of ultrasonic testing systems for industrial or medical purpose largely depends on the performance of ultrasonic transducers. Generally, the information about an ultrasonic transducer performance characteristics are expressed by the ultrasonic R/F signal back from a reflector and its frequency characteristics in the data sheet provided by manufacturers. In case of focused ultrasonic transducers, the two pieces of information can, however, hardly assure that the focused ultrasonic transducer would produce well-focused C-scan images. Therefore, we propose the measured size of focal spot and the reconstructed shape of effective focal zone in the focused sound field as novel measures for the performance evaluation of the focused ultrasonic transducers. The process of getting the both measures of the transducers is conducted by the implemented software including sound field scanning and virtual 3D reconstruction functions which requires the echo of a point reflector. The proposed method could, otherwise impossible in the existing method, effectively and simply distinguish superior ones among many transducers made in the same specification and be also used to detect the performance degradation due to the aging of the transducers. Eventually, the quality of performance of the ultrasonic testing systems for industrial or medical purpose is secured.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2014

The use of a laser interferometer as a metrological tool in micro-optics measurement is demonstrated. A transmissive interferometer is effective in measuring an optical specimen having a high angle slope. A configuration that consists of an optical resolution of 0.62 micron is adapted to measure a specimen, which is a micro-Fresnel lens-shaped lenticular lens. The measurement result shows a good repeatability at each fraction of facets, however, a reconstruction of the lens shape profile is disturbed by a known problem of $2{\pi}$-ambiguity. To solve this $2{\pi}$-ambiguity problem, we propose a two-step phase unwrapping method. In the first step, an unwrapped phase map is obtained by using a conventional unwrapping method. Then, a proposed unwrapping method based on the shape modeling is applied to correct the wrongly unwrapped phase. A measured height of each facet is compared with a profile result measured by AFM.

• Journal of Urban Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.53-60
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• 2018

Digital Twin is a technology that creates a photocopy of real-world objects on a computer and analyzes the past and present operational status by fusing the structure, context, and operation of various physical systems with property information, and predicts the future society's countermeasures. In particular, 3D rendering technology (UAS, LiDAR, GNSS, etc.) is a core technology in digital twin. so, the research and application are actively performed in the industry in recent years. However, UAS (Unmanned Aerial System) and LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) have to be solved by compensating blind spot which is not reconstructed according to the object shape. In addition, the terrestrial LiDAR can acquire the point cloud of the object more precisely and quickly at a short distance, but a blind spot is generated at the upper part of the object, thereby imposing restrictions on the forward digital twin modeling. The UAS is capable of modeling a specific range of objects with high accuracy by using high resolution images at low altitudes, and has the advantage of generating a high density point group based on SfM (Structure-from-Motion) image analysis technology. However, It is relatively far from the target LiDAR than the terrestrial LiDAR, and it takes time to analyze the image. In particular, it is necessary to reduce the accuracy of the side part and compensate the blind spot. By re-optimizing it after fusion with UAS and Terrestrial LiDAR, the residual error of each modeling method was compensated and the mutual correction result was obtained. The accuracy of fusion-based 3D model is less than 1cm and it is expected to be useful for digital twin construction.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.1971-1975
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• 2003

This paper describes a technique, which analyzes the functional instability of the ankle using three-dimensional scanner. The technique is based on the structured light pattern projection method, which is performed by using one digital still camera and one LCD projector. This system can be easily realized with the low cost. The measuring result has high accuracy. The measuring error is about 0.2 mm or less. Using this technique the three-dimensional posture of the leg and foot of the target person are measured and analyzed.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10b
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• pp.264-267
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• 1996

This paper is aimed to develop a very reliable method for automatic inspection of the solder joints on PCBS. There have been lots of previous works using vision technologies, but they can not be used for inspecting BGA, FCA or other newly used devices. Thus we adopt X-ray technologies for solder joint inspection. We put our attention on reconstructing the 3D shapes of solder joints since it gives us the most detailed information on quality of solder joints. Laminography principle is used to reject the interferences from neighboring parts or leads. To verify the effectiveness of laminography, a simulation study is performed in the case of a solder joints on double sided PCB using.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2019

There are many ways to perform face recognition. The first step of face recognition is the face detection step. If the face is not found in the first step, the face recognition fails. Face detection research has many difficulties because it can be varied according to face size change, left and right rotation and up and down rotation, side face and front face, facial expression, and light condition. In this study, facial features are extracted and the extracted features are geometrically reconstructed in order to improve face recognition rate in extracted face region. Also, it is aimed to adjust face angle using reconstructed facial feature vector, and to improve recognition rate for each face angle. In the recognition attempt using the result after the geometric reconstruction, both the up and down and the left and right facial angles have improved recognition performance.