• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.1-15
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a novel method for converting the existing 2D processes in the design and construction phase of civil engineering, to the future BIM-based processes. First, we compare and analyze the actual application processes of the outputs of the existing 2D method and the outputs of the 3D BIM method, for the whole process of BIM design of earthworks and road structures and integrated utilization of quantity, process(4D) and construction cost(5D), in view of life-cycle. The proposed method acquire the outputs of the design phase integrating IFC international common standard file information and CBS/OBS/WBS standard classification scheme information, and acquire the outputs of the construction stage by using an integrated utilization module for quantity, process(4D) and construction cost(5D). Ultimately, we intend to commercialize the step by step technologies for BIM design and construction in civil engineering by using the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.89-98
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• 2018

Recently, the importance of the construction technology of the free-formed buildings is becoming more significant, as the interest and demand for the free-formed buildings are increasing. However, it takes much time and cost during the construction of free-formed buildings because the current construction technique of freeform concrete segments is manufactured by a formwork. Therefore, in this study, we suggested a new manufacturing process based on the LOM-type 3D printer for freeform concrete segments that can shorten construction time and reduce cost when constructing freeform concrete segments, and we also verified the feasibility of production process through mock-up test. The result shows that the suggested process shortened 47.8% of production time and saved 56.2% of cost compared to the existing steel formwork method. In conclusion, it is expected that the production method of freeform concrete segments using 3D printer will contribute to the improvement of productivity of freeform concrete segments construction and the activation of new construction method for free-formed building construction.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.669-670
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• 2015

Efficient management of the construction heavy equipment is required to reduce the rate of carbon emissions and on-site accidents. The intelligent excavation system (IES) will improve the construction quality and productivity through information technologies and efficient equipment operation, especially in large earthwork projects. Three-dimensional digitized ground data should be required for identifying the path of heavy equipment and work-site environment. Rapid development of terrain laser scanners (TLS) is more readily to acquire the digital data. This study suggests the '3D ground terrain processing platform (3DGTPP)' including data manipulating module and analyzing module of the scanned data for intelligent earthmoving equipment operation. The processing platform consists of six modules, including scanning, registering, manipulating, analyzing, transmitting, and storing. 3D ground terrain processing platform presented in this study will provide fundamental information for intelligent excavation system (IES), which will increase the efficiency of earthworks and safety of workers in significant.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.1-25
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• 2021

In order to respond and prevent underground safety accidents, the Korean government has been preparing a submitting completion drawing web system project for converting the current manual-based 3D Underground Geospatial Map construction and its update system to an automation-based 3D underground information construction. However, research on standard drawings required for the automatic update of 3D underground structures is insufficient, so detailed research is needed. In this research paper, a standard map-based 3D underground structure construction plan was presented for the six types of underground structures constituting the 3D Underground Geospatial Map, enabling rapid and accurate drawing data creation and systematically 3D underground structure drawing data could be managed. In addition, we developed a 3D construction drawing tool that can be used in underground information practice so that ordinary CAD program users can easily produce processing drawings. The results derived from this paper are expected to be major reference materials for the establishment of standard frameworks and practical application guidelines for the construction of 3D underground structures in the future.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.911-917
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• 2018

This paper concerns a numerical investigation on the effect of construction sequence on three-arch (3-Arch) tunnel behavior. A three-arch tunnel section adopted in a railway tunnel construction site was considered in this study. A calibrated 3D finite element model was used to conduct a parametric study on a variety of construction scenarios. The results of analyses were examined in terms of tunnel and ground surface settlements, shotcrete lining stresses, loads and stresses developed in center column in relation to the tunnel construction sequence. In particular, the effect of the side tunnel construction sequence on the structural performance of the center structure was fully examined. The results indicated that the load, thus stress, in the center structure can be smaller when excavating two side tunnels from opposite direction than excavating in the same direction. Also revealed was that no face lagging distance between the two side tunnels impose less ground load to the center structure. Fundamental governing mechanism of three-arch tunnel behavior is also discussed based on the results.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.194-203
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• 2008

Construction Research and Development (R & D) projects have been begun with the investment of 1.2 billions in 1994 and have been reached to 30 billions in 2004. During this ten-year period, a total of investment for construction R&D amounts to 125.7 billions (Total 418 construction R&D projects). However, the results of each R&D project could not apply to real construction site because each project has been performed by a small size (0.5 billions). In addition to those, the social interest on the construction R&D projects has not been received and those importance has not been recognized. Especially, there aren't still standardized methodologies or weighted measurement data for evaluating research performance of the construction R&D projects up to now. The construction R&D projects has been Invested on the basis of an annual technology demand survey rather than the research performance outcome. Therefore, it is important to establish a qualitative performance measurement model for evaluating construction R&D projects. This paper proposes a new research methodology for analyzing the performance measurement of the construction R&D projects. First of all, the Balanced Score Card (BSC) is used to evaluate the construction STAR technologies selected in this research. The performance items of BSC has been modified as four criteria such as "productivity, "knowledge accumulation," "training of students," and "welfare." The new research methodology developed in this paper is expected to use in establishing resonable construction R&D budget in the future.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

The reconstruction of surfaces from unorganized point clouds can provide very useful information for construction managers. Although point clouds are generally created using 3D scanners, they can also be generated via the structure-from-motion technique using a sequence of images. Here we report a novel surface reconstruction technique for modeling and quantifying earthworks that can be used for preliminary planning, project updates and estimating of earthwork quantities, as well as embedded planning systems in construction equipment. The application of structure-from-motion techniques in earth works is examined and its advantages and limitations identified. Data from 23 earthwork excavation construction sites were collected and analyzed. 3D surface reconstructions during the construction phase were compared to the original land form. Similar experiments were conducted with piles of earth and the results analyzed to determine appropriate ranges of use for structure-from-motion surface reconstructions in earthwork applications. The technique was found to be most suited to pile of materials with volumes less than 2000 m3. Piles up to 10 m in height and with base areas up to $300m^2$ were also successfully reconstructed. These results should be of interest to contractors seeking to utilize new technology to optimize operational efficiency.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.273-284
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• 2018

3D printing technology in the construction field is currently being developed and commercialized actively in foreign countries, but the development of material and equipment is underway as an initial research stage in Korea. It is necessary to implement commercialization through the introduction of 3D printing technology in the construction field as soon as possible in Korea, but there is no guideline for suitable equipment and materials in Korea at present. Therefore, in order to help prepare for commercialization, it is necessary to provide data such as equipment size and materials suitable for commercialization at the initial stage. This study investigates the types, specifications, and applications of equipment that are being used overseas to provide the equipment type and material cost required in the initial stage of commercialization in Korea. Using the surveyed data, it was possible to calculate the advantages and disadvantages of the equipment type and specification, and the cost of materials used. As a result of the analysis, Gantry type is suitable for the domestic commercialization, and the standard of the output area is $100m^2$ and the extrusion amount of $250m^3/sec$ is proposed, and the material cost of the commercial product is 20thousand won. The suggestions in this study will help to plan the construction of products and equipments to commercialize 3D printing technology in construction field in the future.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.1067-1074
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• 2022

An architect creates his/her design to meet owner's requirements. Floor plans, perspective drawings, and scale models are used in order for the owner to choose the design. The tools are a little helpful for communication between the architect and the owner in case the owner does not know architecture. The scale models are good, but it is hard to make scale models while design is in progress. 3D CAD is a good tool for communication, but it is time-consuming and requires high-performance computer hardware. Augmented reality is able to show 3D virtual models that are updated by the architect with smart devices such as a smart phone and a tablet PC. The owner frequently reviews the updated design anytime anywhere. This study proposes a method to use augmented reality for architectural design and construction management. The method supports the communication between the owner, the architect and the contractor to review updated designs, and to complete the building project. 3D models expressed in augmented reality are created using SketchUp with 2D drawings for building construction. An Android application implementing augmented reality is developed by Qualcomm Vuforia and Unity on smart devices. Drawings as markers and 3D models are connected in Unity. And functions that temporarily hide unnecessary parts can be implemented in C# programming language. If an owner, an architect, or a contractor looks at a smart phone on a 2D drawing, he/she can identify building elements such as 3D buildings or columns on a screen. This can help communication between them.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.69-76
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• 2009

The importance of efficient construction site management has been growing as the amount of construction information increases which is used in the growing construction site. Accordingly in this study, we are trying to find out the application situation and possibility of BIM through theoretical examination and domestic & overseas case study of BIM and we are trying to suggest the way of efficient construction site management formulation through implementation phase-oriented and cooperation entity-oriented analysis in the construction site. We found out that it was possible to minimize time loss and financial loss by visualizing 2D drawings through 3D modeling of target building by applying BIM and that it was possible to improve accuracy of budget planning with quantitative information of 3D model, to plan construction process with more confidence due to accurate architectural information of drawings and quantitative information, and to manage cost and quality through process management based on construction information acquired by BIM including object information by part. It is concluded that we can improve efficiency of construction management between field and each cooperating entity by integrating and linking BIM information through this process.