• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.883-887
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• 2010

3D face tracking is one of essential techniques in computer vision such as surveillance, HCI (Human-Computer Interface), Entertainment and etc. However, 3D face tracking demands high computational cost. It is a serious obstacle to applying 3D face tracking to mobile devices which usually have low computing capacity. In this paper, to reduce computational cost of 3D tracking and extend 3D face tracking to mobile devices, an efficient particle filtering method using MLESAC(Maximum Likelihood Estimation SAmple Consensus) motion estimation is proposed. Finally, its speed and performance are evaluated experimentally.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.1
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• pp.417-420
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• 2006

In these days, mobile application dealing with information contents on mobile or handheld devices such as mobile communicator, PDA or WAP device face the most important industrial needs. The motivation of this study is the design and implementation of mobile application using high resolution satellite imagery, large-sized image data set. Although major advantages of mobile devices are portability and mobility to users, limited system resources such as small-sized memory, slow CPU, low power and small screen size are the main obstacles to developers who should handle a large volume of geo-based 3D model. Related to this, the previous works have been concentrated on GIS-based location awareness services on mobile; however, the mobile 3D terrain model, which aims at this study, with the source data of DEM (Digital Elevation Model) and high resolution satellite imagery is not considered yet, in the other mobile systems. The main functions of 3D graphic processing or pixel pipeline in this prototype are implemented with OpenGL|ES (Embedded System) standard API (Application Programming Interface) released by Khronos group. In the developing stage, experiments to investigate optimal operation environment and good performance are carried out: TIN-based vertex generation with regular elevation data, image tiling, and image-vertex texturing, text processing of Unicode type and ASCII type.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.1933-1940
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• 2013

Recently, due to improvement of computer performance and development of information devices, technology of mobile augmented reality is proliferating rapidly. However, because most of contents are passive or limitary, user can not feel interest and immersion. This paper designs interaction user interface system of 2 dimensional drawing based on mobile augmented reality to make bi-directional communication between the real world and the virtual world possible by using the vision based augmented reality and the database system.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.499-505
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• 2012

Objective: Research on the transformation of interaction between mobile machines and users through analysis on current gesture interface technology development trend. Background: For smooth interaction between machines and users, interface technology has evolved from "command line" to "mouse", and now "touch" and "gesture recognition" have been researched and being used. In the future, the technology is destined to evolve into "multi-modal", the fusion of the visual and auditory senses and "3D multi-modal", where three dimensional virtual world and brain waves are being used. Method: Within the development of computer interface, which follows the evolution of mobile machines, actively researching gesture interface and related technologies' trend and development will be studied comprehensively. Through investigation based on gesture based information gathering techniques, they will be separated in four categories: sensor, touch, visual, and multi-modal gesture interfaces. Each category will be researched through technology trend and existing actual examples. Through this methods, the transformation of mobile machine and human interaction will be studied. Conclusion: Gesture based interface technology realizes intelligent communication skill on interaction relation ship between existing static machines and users. Thus, this technology is important element technology that will transform the interaction between a man and a machine more dynamic. Application: The result of this study may help to develop gesture interface design currently in use.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.546-557
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• 2016

Tooth carving practice is required for novice learners in dentistry to understand dental morphology and acquire clinically underlying skills. Tooth carving practice is more effective when sequential models can be observed. The purpose of this study is to suggest a tooth carving practice model and to develop a mobile practice supporting tool based on tutorial providing 3D modeling information about steps of tooth carving. As a result, tooth carving practice model consists of the class activity including tooth information lecture and practice and mobile seamless learning connecting learners' practice and regular learning with the mobile tutorial tool. The mobile tutorial tool is implemented with tooth morphology dictionary, tooth carving practice/training tutorial, and 3D tooth modeling. The experts' evaluation on the developed contents shows that the content and function are valid(content validity: 5.0, interface validity: 4.53). Therefore, the mobile tutorial tool is suitable for supporting mobile seamless learning for tooth carving practice. Further researches are expected to be conducted to develop instructional models utilizing ICT and mobile contents in dentistry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.522-525
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• 2006

Recently, mobile devices support multi-functions such as 3D game, wireless internet, moving pictures, DMB, GPS, and PMP. Bigger size of display device is indispensable to support these functions and higher speed of the interface is needed. However, conventional parallel interfaces between processor and display nodule are not competent enough for that high speed transfers. High-speed serial interface is beginning to appear as an alternative for parallel interface. The advantages of the serial interface are high bandwidth, small number of interconnections, low-power consumption, and good quality of electro-magnetic interference. In this paper, we implement serial interface and use it for a display module. LVDS is used for PHY layer and a defined packet is used for link layer. The feature of the implemented serial interface is the reduced number of interconnections with enough bandwidth.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.877-880
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• 2005

As DMB, 3D game, Internet and movie is serviced for the recent mobile devices, high resolution display devices beyond VGA become used. Implementation of real-time moving pictures of 30렌 by software programming is difficult because the performance of mobile processors is not so high. The full frame moving picture can be supported by using specific hardware. In this paper, an OLED controller that is consists of flash memory controller and OLED interface is proposed for real-time moving picture on mobile displays. The proposed OLED controller is implemented in FPGA and the performance is evaluated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.226-228
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• 2006

In this paper we describe a simulation and development framework for designing mobile 3D graphics architectures. We are developing a simple and flexible simulation and verification environment (SVE) that uses gITrace's ability to intercept and redirect an OpenGL/ES streams. In combination wlth gITrace to trace OpenGL/ES commands, the SVE simulates the behavior of mobile 3D graphics pipeline during playback of traces, and then produces the second geometry trace that can be used as a test vector for the Verilog/HDL RT-level model. By comparing the frame-by-frame results, we can conduct architectural verification. To demonstrate the functionality of the SVE, we show the implementation of the verified mobile 3D architecture on a FPGA board. For this, we also present an application development environment (ADE) includes a mobile graphics API and a device driver interface (DDI). The proposed two software environments, the SVE and the ADE could be used fer developing and testing mobile applications, architectural study and speculative hardware designs.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.1460-1471
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• 2007

A 3-Dimensional engine in a mobile embedded device is divided into a C-based OpenGL/ES and a Java-based JSR184 which interprets and executes a byte code in a real-time. In these two standards, the JSR184 supporting Java objects uses more processor resources than an OpenGL/ES and thus has a constraint when it is used in an embedded device with a limited computing power. On the other hand, 3-Dimensional contents employed in existing personal computer are created by utilizing advantages of Java and secured numerous users in European market, due to the good quality in contents and extensive service in a commercial network, GSM. Because of the reason, a mobile embedded device used in a GSM network needs a JSR184 which can provide an existing Java-based 3-Dimensional contents without extra conversion processes, but the current version of Java-based 3-Dimensional engine has drawbacks in application to commercial products because it requires more computing power than the mobile embedded device. This paper proposes a binding technique with the advantages of Java objects to improve a processing speed of 3-Dimensional contents in limited resources of a mobile embedded device. The technique supports a JSR184 standard interface in the upper layer to utilize 3-Dimensional contents using Java, employs a different code-conversion language, KNI(Kilo Native Interface), in the middle layer to interface between OpenGL/ES and JSR184, and embodies an OpenGL/ES standard in the lower layer. The validity of the binding technique is demonstrated through a simulator and a FPGA embedding an ARM.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.551-562
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• 2011

Objective: We proposed an effective 3D menu manipulation alternative with a usability test. This was performed in a 3D environment with 3D menu and control manipulation methods. Background: As 3D stereoscopic displays became generalized, various 3D applications were being used not just movies, games, but also mobile contents and advertisements. However, when a user interface was designed in a 3D environment, it was lacked that a clear standard and result of an efficiency and usability as like a 2D environment. Method: We implemented 9 kinds of 3D menu types based on 3D menu hierarchies, menu layouts and dimensions. And we extracted 3 representative control types in a 3D environment. We performed usability evaluation with full factorial design for 27 menu alternatives with 2 types of menu manipulation tasks. In this condition, we measured the performance time, subjective discomfort and eye-fatigue. Results: A control type had the significant effect, and the effect of menu types had the different result depending on given tasks. Conclusion: This experiment showed the interaction of menu and control types depended on 3D menu manipulation tasks were significant in a 3D user interface design. Therefore, as a purpose of a 3D menu manipulation task, 3D menu types and control types were should be considered. Application: We supposed this result was should be applied in a 3D menu contents design.