• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.268-271
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• 2003

The Volumetric Interferometer using two spherical wavefronts emitted from the ends of two single mode fibers has been suggested to measure 3-dimensional absolute coordinates. In this paper, we try to improve the performance of the volumetric interferometer using multi-CCDs. We get coordinates matching matrixes between CCDs and can obtain more information in the space with multi-CCDs. Also we find out the best arrangement of multi-CCDs by computer simulations. In the simulation we can know that it will be better to increase the distance between CCDs to improve performance. For the performance test, we do a repeatability test, a comparison test with 2-D stage and the self-calibration using artifact.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.170-179
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• 1993

In this study, self-organized neural network is used to solve the vorrespondence problem of the axial stereo image. Edge points are extracted from a pair of stereo images and then the edge points of rear image are assined to the output nodes of neural network. In the matching process, the two input nodes of neural networks are supplied with the coordi- nates of the edge point selected randomly from the front image. This input data activate optimal output node and its neighbor nodes whose coordinates are thought to be correspondence point for the present input data, and then their weights are allowed to updated. After several iterations of updating, the weights whose coordinates represent rear edge point are converged to the coordinates of the correspondence points in the front image. Because of the feature map properties of self-organized neural network, noise-free and smoothed depth data can be achieved.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.124-132
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• 2003

The goal of this paper is to propose a virtual instrumentation system based on three dimensional current coordinates for monitoring power quality A developed system with various experimental graphic screens and numerical results is made up 586-PC and DSP(digital signal processor) board, power quality analyzing and evaluating software for windows. Power parameters are analyzed using correlation signal processing techniques based on the correlation between voltage and current waveforms. Analysis. results are visualized by 3-D current coordinates, and it Is compared and evaluated with conventional time / frequency domain. To verify the validity of the proposed system, power and harmonic parameters of single phase induction motor drives is analyzed and verified.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 스테레오 CCD 카메라를 이용하여 이동체의 3차원 위치좌표를 추출하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 이 알고리즘을 통해 효율적으로 이동체의 3차원 위치좌표를 추출하는 방법을 도출하고자 하였다 스테레오 CCD 카메라의 상호표정을 수행하고, 획득된 영상에서 이동체를 배경과 분리한 뒤, 좌$\cdot$우 영상에서 이동체의 영상좌표를 추출한다. 추출된 좌$\cdot$우 영상에서의 영상좌표를 이용하여 이동체의 3차원 위치를 결정하게 된다. 스테레오 CCD 카메라간의 상호 위치 및 자세를 결정하기 위한 표정 모듈은 독립적 상호표정(independent relative orientation)을 사용하였고, 획득된 영상에서 이동체 추출 알고리즘은 칼라영상의 RGB(Red, Green, Blue) 화소값을 이용하여 구현하였다. 좌$\cdot$우 CCD 카메라로부터 들어오는 영상좌표를 이용하여 공간전방교회 법을 통해 이동체의 위치를 계산하였다. 그리고 전체 시스템의 실험을 수행하였고, 그 결과의 정확도를 비교하였다.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2009년도 IWAIT
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• pp.242-245
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• 2009

This paper proposes an algorithm that increases the speed of generating a Fresnel hologram using a recursive addition operation covering the whole coordinate array of a digital hologram. The 3D object designed to calculate the digital hologram used the depth-map image produced by computer graphics (CG). The proposed algorithm is a technique that performs CGH (computer generated hologram) operation with only the recursive addition from the hologram's whole coordinates by analyzing the regularity between the 3D object and the digital hologram coordinates. The experimental results showed that the proposed algorithm increased operation speed by 30% over the technique using the conventional CGH equation.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2020

본 연구는 10만 개 이상의 움직이는 파티클 각각이 발광원으로서 존재할 때 라이팅을 위한 실시간 렌더링 알고리즘을 제안한다. 각 라이트의 영향 범위를 동적으로 파악하기 위해 2개의 3D 텍스처를 사용하며 첫 번째 텍스처는 라이트 색상 두 번째 텍스처는 라이트 방향 정보를 가진다. 각 프레임마다 두 단계를 거친다. 첫 단계는 Compute shader 기반으로 3D 텍스처 초기화 및 렌더링에 필요한 파티클 정보를 갱신하는 단계이다. 이때 파티클 위치를 3D 텍스처의 샘플링 좌표로 변환 후 이 좌표를 기반으로 첫 번째 3D 텍스처엔 해당 복셀에 대해 영향을 미치는 파티클 라이트들의 색상 총합을, 그리고 두 번째 3D 텍스처에 해당 복셀에서 파티클 라이트들로 향하는 방향벡터들의 총합을 갱신한다. 두 번째 단계는 일반 렌더링 파이프라인을 기반으로 동작한다. 먼저 렌더링 될 폴리곤 위치를 기반으로 첫 번째 단계에서 갱신된 3D 텍스처의 정확한 샘플링 좌표를 계산한다. 샘플링 좌표는 3D 텍스쳐의 크기와 게임 월드의 크기가 1:1로 대응하므로 픽셀의 월드좌표를 그대로 샘플링 좌표로 사용한다. 샘플링한 픽셀의 색상과 라이트의 방향벡터를 기반으로 라이팅 처리를 수행한다. 3D 텍스처가 실제 게임 월드와 1:1로 대응하며 최소 단위를 1m로 가정하는데 1m보다 작은 영역의 경우 해상도 제한에 의한 계단 현상 등의 문제가 발생한다. 이러한 문제를 개선하기 위한 텍스처 샘플링 시 보간 및 슈퍼 샘플링을 수행한다. 한 프레임을 렌더링하는데 소요된 시간을 측정한 결과 파티클이 라이트의 개수가 262144개일 때 Forward Lighting 파이프라인에서 146ms, deferred Lighting 파이프라인에서 46ms 가 소요되었으며, 파티클 라이트의 개수가 1024576개일 때 Forward Lighting 파이프라인에서 214ms, Deferred Lighting 파이프라인에서 104ms 가 소요되었다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2003년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1168-1171
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• 2003

The visuo-motor map is based on the Kohonen's self-organizing map. The map is learned the relation of the end effecter coordinates and the joint angles. In this paper, a 3 d-o-fmanipulator which moves in the 2D space is targeted. A CCD camera is set beside the manipulator, and the end effecter coordinates are given from the image of a manipulator. As a result of learning, the end effecter can be moved to the destination without exact teaching.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.64-73
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• 2023

This study introduces a method of estimating the 3D coordinates of structural damage from the detection results of visual inspection provided in 2D image coordinates using sensing data of UAV and 3D shape information of BIM. This estimation process takes place in a virtual space and utilizes the BIM model, so it is possible to immediately identify which member of the structure the estimated location corresponds to. Difference from conventional structural damage localization methods that require 3D scanning or additional sensor attachment, it is a method that can be applied locally and rapidly. Measurement accuracy was calculated through the distance difference between the measured position measured by TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanner) and the estimated position calculated by the method proposed in this study, which can determine the applicability of this study and the direction of future research.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.141-148
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• 2013

There are several problems in the conventional 2-D image processing and 3-D measurement systems. In the case of the 2-D image processing system, it is not possible to detect elevation data. In a 3-D measurement system, it requires a skillful operator and a lot of time for measuring data. Also, there exist data errors depending on operators. The limitation of detecting elevation data in the 2-D image processing system can be solved by laser diodes. In this study an algorithm that measures the accurate data in a subject face to be detected by combining laser diodes and a commercial CCD camera is developed. In the development process, a planar equation is developed using laser diodes and the equation is used to obtain a normal vector. Based on the results, an algorithm that transforms commercial CCD camera coordinates to 3-D coordinates is proposed. The completed measurement method will be applied to replace a manual measurement system for vehicle bodies and parts by an automated system.

• 한국측량학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국측량학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.451-454
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• 2007

There is an inseparable relation between human race and engineering work. As world developed into highly industrialized society, a diversity of large structures is being built up correspondently to limited topographical circumstance. Though large structures are national establishments which provide us with convenience of life, there are some disastrous possibilities which were never predicted such as ground subsidence and degradation. It is very difficult to analyze the volume of total metamorphosis with the relative displacement measurement system which is now used and it is impossible to know whether there is structural metamorphosis within a permissible range of design or not. In this research with an object of 13-year-old earthen dam, through generating point-cloud which has 3D spatial coordinates(x, y, z) of this dam by means of 3D Laser Scanning, we can get real configuration data of slanting surface of this dam with this method of getting a number of 3D spatial coordinates(x, y, z). It gives 3D spatial model to us and we can get various information of this dam such as the distance of slanting surface of dam, dimensions and cubic volume. It can be made full use of as important source material of reinforcement and maintenance works to detect previously the bulging of the dam through this research.