• 한국정보컨버전스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보컨버전스학회 2008년도 International conference on information convergence
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• pp.53-56
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• 2008

This paper reports on the ACQA(Animated agent for Conversational Question Answering) project conducted at LIMSI. The aim is to design an expressive animated conversational agent(ACA) for conducting research along two main lines: 1/ perceptual experiments(eg perception of expressivity and 3D movements in both audio and visual channels): 2/ design of human-computer interfaces requiring head models at different resolutions and the integration of the talking head in virtual scenes. The target application of this expressive ACA is a real-time question and answer speech based system developed at LIMSI(RITEL). The architecture of the system is based on distributed modules exchanging messages through a network protocol. The main components of the system are: RITEL a question and answer system searching raw text, which is able to produce a text(the answer) and attitudinal information; this attitudinal information is then processed for delivering expressive tags; the text is converted into phoneme, viseme, and prosodic descriptions. Audio speech is generated by the LIMSI selection-concatenation text-to-speech engine. Visual speech is using MPEG4 keypoint-based animation, and is rendered in real-time by Virtual Choreographer (VirChor), a GPU-based 3D engine. Finally, visual and audio speech is played in a 3D audio and visual scene. The project also puts a lot of effort for realistic visual and audio 3D rendering. A new model of phoneme-dependant human radiation patterns is included in the speech synthesis system, so that the ACA can move in the virtual scene with realistic 3D visual and audio rendering.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.1271-1281
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• 2017

It is essential to collect and analyze target information around the vehicle for autonomous driving of the vehicle. Based on the analysis, environmental information such as location and direction should be analyzed in real time to control the vehicle. In particular, obstruction or cutting of objects in the image must be handled to provide accurate information about the vehicle environment and to facilitate safe operation. In this paper, we propose a method to simultaneously generate 2D and 3D bounding box proposals using LiDAR Edge generated by filtering LiDAR sensor information. We classify the classes of each proposal by connecting them with Region-based Fully-Covolutional Networks (R-FCN), which is an object classifier based on Deep Learning, which uses two-dimensional images as inputs. Each 3D box is rearranged by using the class label and the subcategory information of each class to finally complete the 3D bounding box corresponding to the object. Because 3D bounding boxes are created in 3D space, object information such as space coordinates and object size can be obtained at once, and 2D bounding boxes associated with 3D boxes do not have problems such as occlusion.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집 Ⅲ
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• pp.1431-1434
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• 2003

Computer game has become the core part of multimedia and entertainment in our knowledge and information based society We are competitive in developing 2D games. However, we have difficulties in maintaining the competitive edge in the area of 3D game technologies owing to the limited funds and technologies. Game engines are very useful to develop high-quality 3D games. In this paper, we discuss game engines and development of contents, and also present a development case of 3D games using Dream3D.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.570-573
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• 2001

This paper presents the characteristics of Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) based on 3D Equivalent Magnetic Circuit Network Method (3D EMCNM). 3D EMCNM supplements magnetic equivalent circuit by numerical technique using distributive magnetic circuit parameters. However in case of SRM the previous 3D EMCNM which uses fan shape element is not proper for analysis. This paper solved this problem by developing the trapezoid element and verified the validity of the suggested element by comparing the results of 3D EMCNM with 2D FEM.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.403-411
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• 2010

This research demonstrates a 3D virtual visualization of urban environment and video fusion for effective damage prevention and surveillance system using open standard. We present the visualization and interaction simulation method to increase the situational awareness and optimize the realization of environmental monitoring through the CCTV video and 3D virtual environment. New camera prototype was designed based on the camera frustum view model to project recorded video prospectively onto the virtual 3D environment. The demonstration was developed by the X3D, which is royalty-free open standard and run-time architecture, and it offers abilities to represent, control and share 3D spatial information via the internet browsers.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2019

3D scanners are needed in various fields, and their usage range is greatly expanded. In particular, it is being used to reduce costs at various stages during product development and production. Now, the importance of quality inspection in the manufacturing industry is increasing. Structured optical system applied in this study is suitable for measuring high precision of mold, press work, precision products, etc. and economical and effective 3D scanning system for measuring inspection in manufacturing industry can be implemented. We developed Structured light 3D scanner which can measure high precision by using Digital Light Processing (DLP) projector and camera. In this paper, 3D image scanner based on structured optical system can realize 3D scanning system economically and effectively when measuring inspection in the manufacturing industry.

• 정보처리학회논문지A
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• 제10A권4호
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• pp.357-368
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• 2003

3차원 모델의 형상 유사성 평가는 의학, 기계 공학, 분자 생물학 등의 많은 분야에서 매우 중요하다. 더욱이 3차원 모델이 웹 상에 보편화됨에 따라 3차원 모델들의 분류와 검색에 관한 연구들이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 3차원 형상 표현 방법들과 유사성 평가에 대한 주요 개념들을 기술하고, 최근의 형상 비교에 관한 연구들을 다해상도, 위상 기하학, 2차원 영상, 통계학 기반 방법들로 분류하여 그 특징들을 분석하였다. 또한 논문에서 채택한 유일성, 강인성, 불변성, 다해상도, 효율성, 비교범위와 같은 기준을 사용하여 그 성능을 비교 평가하였다. 다해상도 기반 방법은 비교를 위한 계산 시간은 감소시킨 반면 전처리 시간은 증가시켰다. 기하 및 위상 정보를 이용한 방법은 보다 다양한 형태의 모델들을 비교할 수 있었고 부분적인 형상 비교에도 강인하였다. 2차원 영상을 이용한 방법들은 시간 및 공간 복잡도가 높게 나타났다. 통계학 기반 방법들은 포즈 정규화 작업 없이 형상 비교가 가능하였고, 어파인 변환 및 잡음에도 강인한 결과를 보였다.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 가상환경에서 실세계 물체들의 사실적 시뮬레이션과 표현에 필요한 물체의 물리적 속성 정의를 위해서 물리 단위를 도입하는 방법을 설명한다. 표준화된 물리 단위 규격의 정의를 위하여 물리 단위는 SI 단위계(International System of Units)를 기본으로 하고 가상세계 데이터의 표준화된 규격을 위하여 웹3D 표준인 X3D(Extensible 3D)를 기반으로 하여 물리 단위 명세를 정의한다. 물리 단위를 X3D 규격 안에서 정의하는 과정에서 물리 단위의 적용을 받은 물체가 X3D 장면 안에서 사실적인 변화로 표현되기 위해서는 X3D 전체 스키마에 합당하게 정의되어야 한다. 실세계 물리 단위를 X3D 스키마에 확장하여 정의하고, 확장된 X3D 규격으로 구현된 브라우저에서 물리 단위를 포함하는 물체가 물리 단위 개념이 없었던 기존 X3D 물체가 어떻게 다른가를 물리 단위 예제를 이용하여 비교 분석한다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.321-330
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• 2022

This study analyzed the difference between 2D image and 3D virtual clothing images based on stripe arrangement to obtain fundamental data for slim appearance. First, the slimming effect according to the three types of stripe ratio was examined. Subsequently, the slimming effects of seven types of one-piece dress designs according to the stripe location were analyzed. Subjective ranking was evaluated. The width items and radius of curvature were measured for the image's respective parts. Consequently, in 2D image and 3D virtual clothing images, the one with the narrowest stripe ratio was evaluated as the slimmest; however, the conditions for the slimming effect were different. In the seven one-piece dress designs, a difference was apparent in the ranking of the 2D image and 3D virtual clothing images. In the 3D virtual clothing image, arranging the stripes on the entire garment proved inefficient. The stripes were curved according to the curvature of the human body, creating an optical illusion that differed from that of the 2D image.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2015

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability of 3D-inertia measurement unit (IMU) based shoes in gait analysis. This was done with respect to the results of the optical motion capturing system and to collect reference gait data of healthy subjects with this device. Methods : The Smart Balance$^{(R)}$ system of 3D-IMU based shoes and Osprey$^{(R)}$ motion capturing cameras were used to collect motion data simultaneously. Forty four healthy subjects consisting of individuals in 20s (N=20), 40s (N=13), and 60s (N=11) participated in this study voluntarily. They performed natural walking on a treadmill for one minute at 4 different target speeds (3, 4, 5, 6 km/h), respectively. Results : Cadence (ICC=.998), step length (ICC=.970), stance phase (ICC=.845), and double-support phase (ICC=.684) from 3D-IMU based shoes were in agreement with results of optical motion system. Gait data of healthy subjects according to different treadmill speeds and ages were matched to previous literature showing increased cadence and reduced step length for elderly subjects. Conclusion : Conclusively, 3D-IMU based shoes in gait analysis were a satisfactory alternative option in measuring linear gait parameters.