• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.3-11
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to introduce a modified CPS(Creativity Problem Solving) procedure as a new method for comparative analysis of creative techniques such as SIT(Systematic Inventive Thinking) and Brainstorming(BS) techniques. For this, a new sports game is employed as a case study. The results show that the ideas from SIT are more creative in terms of originality and practicality than those of BS. Several considerations for effective practical use of the proposed method are discussed in this study.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.217-223
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• 2011

${\beta}$-sitosterol glucoside exists in a variety of plants and have anti-tumor, anti-microbial, and immunomodulatory activities. Mast cells and eosinophils play important roles in a variety of inflammatory diseases, specifically asthma and atopic dermatitis. In the present study, we used lactose-${\beta}$-sitosterol (L-BS) and investigated the effect of L-BS on inflammatory responses of the human mast cell line, HMC-1 and the human eosinophilic leukemia cell line, EoL-1. In HMC-1 cells, L-BS significantly inhibited cell migration in response to stem cell factor without cytotoxicity. However, the mRNA expression of CC chemokine receptors (CCRs), including CCR1-5, were not altered after L-BS treatment in HMC-1 cells. LPS-induced IL-4 production was also suppressed by L-BS in a dose-dependent manner. In EoL-1 cells, the concentration ranging from 0.1 ${\mu}M$ to 10 ${\mu}M$ of L-BS had no cytotoxicity and had no effect on mRNA expression of major protein-mediators derived from activated eosinophils. However, 100 ${\mu}M$ of L-BS induced the apoptosis of EoL-1 cells in a time-dependent manner. This finding indicates the possibility of L-BS as a potential therapeutic molecule in inflammatory diseases and may contribute to the need to improve current therapeutic drugs.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.449-454
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• 2008

This research examined whether feeding single extracts or complex extracts of Bulnesia sarmienti, together with a high fat diet, could improve serum lipid levels and reduce fat mass in rats. Test groups were fed the extracts, combined with a high fat diet, for eight weeks, and subdivided into seven groups: normal, control, and five treatment groups (BS: B. sarmienti extracts; BS-S: B. sarmienti and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge extracts; BS-M: B. sarmienti and Morus alba Linne extracts; BS-SM1: B. sarmienti, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and Morus alba Linne extracts; and BS-SM2: BS-SM1 extracts at a 2-fold concentration). After feeding the test substance for 8 weeks, no significant differences were found for food intake, water intake, change in body weight, or food efficiency ratios (FER) among the groups. However, serum LDL-cholesterol had increased by 14.1% in the BS-S group. When compared with the control group, total cholesterol levels in the BS, BS-S, BS-M, BS-SM1, and BS-SM2 groups were reduced by 36.0, 14.5, 40.4, 17.5, and 22.5%, respectively, with the greatest change shown in the BS-M group. In terms of triglycerides, levels in BS, BS-S, BS-M, BS-SM1, and BS-SM2 had decreased by 41.9, 8.5, 62.3, 17.7, and 14.5%, respectively. Compared to the control group, the BS group showed a significant decrease in fat mass. In conclusion, the BS and BS-M groups showed significant effects with respect to improved serum lipid profiles and body fat mass when they were fed a high fat diet in combination with the respective extracts.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.923-930
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• 2018

In this study, Tenebrio molitor (T. molitor) was fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum JBMI F3 (F3), Lactobacillus plantarum JBMI F5 (F5), Lactobacillus gasseri Ba9 (Ba9), Aspergillus kawachii KCCM 32819 (Ak), Saccharomyces cerevisiae KACC 93023 (Sc), and Bacillus subtilis KACC 91157 (Bs). After fermentation, the fermented products were extracted by water, ethanol, and methanol, and their physicochemical and biological properties were investigated. In a DPPH assay, the water extracts of the fermented products of T. molitor showed high antioxidant ability. Among the water extracts, the fermented product by Bs showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity. The total contents of phenolic compounds and flavonoids were highest in the fermented products by Ak and Bs, respectively. Reducing activity was detected the most high activity on ethanol extract of fermented product by Bs. The water extract of the fermented product by Bs exhibited strong enzymatic activity for fibrinogen and starch hydrolysis. Based on the observed physicochemical and biological properties, the fermented products of T. molitor by microorgansims can likely be applied as functional materials in various industries.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.141-147
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• 2009

The antennae of millipedes have a prominent function in detecting various types of environmental stimuli, and structural modification of the antennae is closely associated with the degree of sense recognition. Although the biological significance of the antennal sensillae to millipedes are widely understood, the structure and function of the antennal sensillae are still not clear and more precise analysis is required. We have analysed the ultrastructural characteristics of the antennal sensillae in a millipede Anaulaciulus koreanus koreanus using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). According to their morphological and substructural features, we could identify three different types of antennal sensillae as follows: trichoid sensilla (TS), chaetiform sensilla (CS) and basiconic sensilla (BS). The TS on the articles are long, blunt-tipped, almost straight hairs with deep longitudinal grooves in their lower parts whereas, the CS are long, sickleshaped bristles with longitudinal grooves acuminating toward the tip. The BS can be subdivided further into three subtypes which are the large-sized basiconic sensilla ($BS_1$), the small-sized basiconic sensillae ($BS_2$) and the spiniform basiconic sensillae ($BS_3$). The BS between the terminal segment and distal margins of the other segments are clearly discriminated in this species.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.143-148
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• 2016

The aim of research is inducing the optimum proportion of fly ash(FA) and blast furnace slag(BS) for ternary cement. In this research, hence, the fundamental properties of mortar mixtures were evaluated depending on various proportion of FA and BS. The results of the experiment, within the scope of the study, obtained the following conclusions. Flow of the mixtures was increased with addition of binary supplementary cementitious material(SCM), and especially, portion of FA. The air content of the mixtures was increased with addition of binary SCMs, while it was decreased with increased FA content. In the case of unit mass, increased value was obtained due to the increased air content within 25 to 45% of binary SCM content, while it was increased within 65 to 100% of binary SCM up to only 20% of FA content and decreased more than 20% of FA because of the low density of FA. The setting time of the mixtures was delayed with addition of binary SCM and FA. In the case of compressive strength, at 91-day age, the highest value was obtained with 25 and 45% of binary SCM with the proportion of FA to BS of 40 to 60. Therefore, based on the compressive strength, it is considered that the binary SCM content of 25 and 45% with the proportion of FA to BS of 2 : 3 is the most favorable conditions in this research scope.

• Review of KIISC
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.38-48
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• 2001

다양한 정보보안 평가 방법론들 중에서 BS7799는 정보시스템을 운영하는 조직 전반의 보안 상태를 평가하는데 유용한 방법론으로서, 여러 나라에서 활용하고 있으며 최근에는 국제표준으로 채택되었다. 본 고에서는 BS7799에서 제시하고 있는 보안통제 항목과 정보보안관리시스템의 구축 및 이의 객관적인 평가를 위한 인증 방법을 살펴본다. BS7799는 전자상거래를 수행하는 기업들 사이에 보안 수준에 대한 상호 신뢰를 확인하기 위한 방법으로 활용될 수 있으며, 최근에 제정된 정보통신기반보호법에서 요구하고 있는 취약성 평가에도 적용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 2021

Objectives: After heart disease, brain stroke (BS) is the second most common cause of death worldwide, underscoring the importance of understanding preventable and treatable risk factors for the outcomes of BS. This study aimed to model the survival of patients with BS in the presence of competing risks. Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted on 332 patients with a definitive diagnosis of BS. Demographic characteristics and risk factors were collected by a validated checklist. Patients' mortality status was investigated by telephone follow-up to identify deaths that may be have been caused by stroke or other factors (heart disease, diabetes, high cholesterol, etc.). Data were analyzed by the Lunn-McNeil approach at alpha=0.1. Results: Older age at diagnosis (59-68 years: adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.19; 90% confidence interval [CI], 1.38 to 3.48; 69-75 years: aHR, 5.04; 90% CI, 3.25 to 7.80; ≥76 years: aHR, 5.30; 90% CI, 3.40 to 8.44), having heart disease (aHR, 1.65; 90% CI, 1.23 to 2.23), oral contraceptive pill use (women only) (aHR, 0.44; 90% CI, 0.24 to 0.78) and ischemic stroke (aHR, 0.52; 90% CI, 0.36 to 0.74) were directly related to death from BS. Older age at diagnosis (59-68 years: aHR, 21.42; 90% CI, 3.52 to 130.39; 75-69 years: aHR, 16.48; 90% CI, 2.75 to 98.69; ≥76 years: aHR, 26.03; 90% CI, 4.06 to 166.93) and rural residence (aHR, 2.30; 90% CI, 1.15 to 4.60) were directly related to death from other causes. Significant risk factors were found for both causes of death. Conclusions: BS-specific and non-BS-specific mortality had different risk factors. These findings could be utilized to prescribe optimal and specific treatment.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.198-206
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• 1995

Baled silage making(BS) of selected forage crops was discussed during 1991-1993, to determine the best cutting time of the plants for BS production, BS yields and silage quality. Seven species of forage crops and pasture grasses(rye, barley, spring oat, Italian ryegrass, orchardgrass, alfalfa and grass-legume pasture mixtures) were harvested at different stage of growth from young plant to physiological maturity, and baled in a self constructed square baling chamber. Each bales, measured 90cm length, 60cm width and 50cm height, were wrapped with 0.05mrn thick polyethylene plastic film, and stored in stack silo. Each bales were weighed between 15-20 kg in dry matter basis. The effects of pre wilting and formic acid addition on the silage quality of young plant materials, which contained high water concentration, was also evaluated during the experiment. Rye plant including of barley and spring oat were evaluated as a good materials for baled silage making. Fodder rye produced high quality BS with a value of silage quality point 84(Flieg's point) when the plant harvested at stage of greatest dry matter accumulation by 12.64 tonha. The best quality BS of barley was obtained at stage of hard dough to yellow stage by 11.9 ton/ha dry matter yield and 81 point silage quality. Italian ryegrass and pasture grasses including of orchardgrass, alfalfa and grass-legume pasture mixtures procuced also high quality bale silage by harvesting at stage of late blooming. However pre witting operation and formic acid addition was required for BS production of grass materials because of high water contents. Water contents of Italian ryegrass and other pasture species ranged 18.9%(Italian) to 20.8%(alfalfa). Silage quality point of Italian BS harvested at late blooing was increased from 72 to 88 by 1/2-one day pre wilting and 0.3% formic acid treatment. Silage quality of young plant materials of rye and other forage crops, barley and spring oat were also improved markedly through the pre wilting treatment and formic acid addition.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.176-182
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• 1985

As a part of the studies on adsorptive properties of Korean halloysite clays, Hadong white clays of premium grade were examined for geometric pore structured by mercury porosimetry and for specific surface areas by nitrogen adsorption according to the BET procedure. Three size fractions of the native clay sample were derived from passage BS #100, #200 and #325 meshes, respectively. Several parameters lhus observed in relation to the pore structures are shown below: 1. The size fraction of BS #100, #200 and #325 show internal pore volumes of 25.3, 30.2 and $35.0m^2g^{-1}$, respectively. 2. In the distribution curves of the cumulative pore volume against pore diameter, it has been shown that the larticle sizes, the steeper the distribution over the larger ranges of pore diameters. The converse is true the smaller particles. 3. Internal pore areas increase with decrease in pore sizes. It follows that the pores having diameters of $\leq$0.1$\mu\textrm{m}$ are responsible for more than 90% of the total pore area. 4. The behaviour of nitrogen adsorption can be best described by BET type IV isotherm. Further, the hysteresis loops of the adsorptiondesorption curves become narrower with decresing particle sizes. 5. The specific surface areas observed for the fractions of BS #100, BS #200 and BS #325 are 34.6, 35.4 and 43.2m $^2g^{-1}$, respectively. and the calcined clay of BS #325 has a specific surface area near $30.4m^2g^{-1}$.