• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.329-345
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• 2020

Purpose: This was a nationwide population-based study conducted to investigate the epidemiology, treatment, disease outcomes, and associated factors of childhood intussusception in South Korea. Methods: Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database on all patients <18 years old diagnosed with intussusception from 2007 to 2017 were analyzed. Results: A total of 34,688 cases were identified among 30,444 patients. The overall incidence was 28.3/100,000 person-years with a male predominance. Most cases (83.1%) occurred in children <3 years old, with an annual incidence of 195.2, 200.1, and 118.6 cases per 100,000 children in their first, second, and third year of life, respectively. The median age at the first occurrence was 18.7 months, and it was higher in boys than in girls. The post-discharge recurrence rate was 10.6% (3,226/30,444) and the in-hospital recurrence rate was 6.1% (1,842/30,444). The total recurrence rate (post-discharge recurrence and/or in-hospital recurrence) was 15.0% (4,580/30,444). Enema reduction was successful in 90.0% of cases. Enema reduction was more successful in girls than in boys. A total of 3,296 (10.8%) patients underwent 3,481 surgeries, including 735 (21.1%) laparoscopic surgeries. Post-discharge recurrence and surgery were significantly affected by age, sex, and hospital type. Mortality was noted in nine cases (0.03%). Conclusion: Our study provides accurate epidemiologic data on the treatment and outcomes of intussusception through complete enumeration during an 11-year-period.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.440-449
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• 2012

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of body composition, and to analyze its relationship to dietary behaviors and life style. The study subjects were divided into 3 age groups; 30' years (n = 78) 40' years (n = 71) and 50' years (n = 44). The data was collected by physical measurement (Inbody 230) and questionnaires. The rate of disease and general characteristics were higher in the 50 year old group than in the other groups. Average amount of body water, protein, mineral and body fat were 29.0 kg (50.4%), 7.7 kg (13.4%), 2.8 kg (4.8%), 18.7 kg (31.5%), respectively. The rate of menopause was significantly different with increasing age. Menopause was 1.3%, 9.1%, 79.6% by age respectively. Body fat percent was significantly increased and body water decreased with age (p < 0.01). The fat composition was higher and the mineral content was lower in 50' year old group. Dietary behavior scores of 30' year old group was significant lower than in the other two groups (p < 0.001). The means of salty eating, skipping meals, fruit intake and food habits total point were significantly higher in the 50 year old group than in the other groups. There were significant positive correlations between age, BMI, waist hip ratio respectively (p < 0.01). There were significant negative correlations between age and body water, body mineral, skeletal muscle (p < 0.01, p < 0.05, p < 0.01). The results of this study suggested that nutritional management and education for adult women differ by age group.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.356-372
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• 2013

This study was carried out to investigate the perception, preference and usage of Korean festival foods of women according to age in Busan. The survey was conducted from October 15, 2012 to November 30, 2012 using questionnaires and the data were analyzed with the SPSS program. In general, younger women (20~30 years old) had a lower interest in Korean festival foods than slightly older women (40~50 years old). Most of women over 40 years of age prepared Korean festival foods at home, but many who were in their 20's (45.9%) and 30's (41.1%) obtained their foods from family and relatives. Overall, 62.5% of the subjects wanted to inherit Korean festival food from family and relatives. The dissemination of information and recipes of Korean festival foods were needed for succeeding to Korean festival foods. The taste score was significantly lower for women in their 20's compared to those over 40. Women under 40 reported a lower ease of cooking compared to women over 50. Tangguk (4.93) on Seollal showed the highest perception degree in the order of Namul (4.91), Tteokguk (4.90), and Sikhye (4.90). Jeon, Yaksik, Sikhye, and Gangjeong were the most highly preferred in every group. The preference degree of Pajeon was significantly higher in women under 40 than in those over 60. Tteokguk and Tangguk were more highly preferred in women in their 30's and 40's compared to the other groups. There was a significant positive correlation between preference for festival food and education level, degree of knowledge, degree of interest, will for inheritance, and will for learning (P<0.01). In conclusion, festival foods rich in local tradition should be developed, publicized and used to educate others. The simplification of cooking methods and the development of processed foods are needed to pass on the traditional food culture of Busan.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2009

빗자루병에 의하여 심각하게 이병된 제주도 5.16도로의 왕벚나무 가로수들에 대하여 피해 상황과 이병 발병 원인을 생태적으로 밝히고 그에 따른 방제 대책을 마련키 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 왕벚나무 가로수 중 45년생 이상의 노거수들은 거의 모두가 심각한 정도의 빗자루병에 감염되었으며, 30년생 역시 모든 나무들이 감염되었으나 중간 정도의 발병 반응을 보이고 있었다. 그러나 수령이 23년생 미만의 왕벚나무들은 병징을 찾아볼 수 없는 건전주로 생장하고 있었다. 3년 주기로 전정 작업을 실시한 제주대학교 입구에 식재된 왕벚나무에서는 도로변 남쪽면의 나무들이 북쪽면에 비해 병 발생이 심하고 생육 또한 저조하였다. 병 발생이 심각한 산천단으로부터 견월악까지의 횡단로 좌우 인근 30m내에 자생하는 벚나무들은 수령에 따라 차이는 있지만 병 발생이 경미하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 1978

저자는 1970년부터 1975년까지 6 년갑에 걸쳐 부산지역 국민학교 학생들의 신체발육상태를 평가하고져 무작위로 추출한 부산시 모 국민학교 학생 656명(남 374, 여 282)을 대상으로 그들의 실제 신체체격 측정을 통하여 과거 6 년 동안의 신체발육상태를 조사 분석하여 다음의 결론을 얻었다. (1) 신장의 연간 최대성장연령은 남자$7{\sim}8$세 (5.9cm), 여자 $10{\sim}11$세 (6.5cm)이었고 남녀 신장발육곡선은 $10{\sim}11$세에서 서로 교차하였다. (2) 체중의 연간 최대성장연령은 남자 $9{\sim}10$세(3.1kg), 여자 $10{\sim}11$세 (3.9kg)이었고 남녀체중발육 곡선은 $10{\sim}11$세에서 서로 교차하였다. (3) 흉위의 연간 최대성장연령은 남자 $8{\sim}9$세(3.1cm), 여자 $9{\sim}10$세 (2.9cm)이었고 전자와는 달리 남녀 융위발육곡선은 서로 교차하지 않았다. 4. 좌고의 연간 최대성장연령은 남녀 모두 $6{\sim}7$세 (남 3.3cm, 여 3.4cm)이었고 남너 좌고발육곡선은 $8{\sim}9$세에서 서로 교차하였다. (5) 각 지역간의 비교에는 각각의 신체계측치를 체격종합치 (Physical Integrated Ualue)로서 서로 비교하는 것이 매우 간편하고 바람직 하였으며 한국소아 신체표준발육치에 대한 부산지역 국민학교 학동들의 체격종합치 (Physical Integrated Value)는 남여 각각 신장 +0.30, +0.29, 체중 +0.33, +0.35 흉위 +0.65, +0.57, 좌고 +0.10, +0.20으로 서울을 제외한 타지역 (대구, 대전, 농촌지역)에 비하여 비교적 우수하였다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.77-108
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to find out the present condition of clinical practice and to develop a scheme on the efficiency of clinical practice for nursing education in junior college of nursing in korea. This study was conducted by 2 sections. Ist section was to find out the present condition of clinical practice to 42 directors of nursing collegd and data were collected July 8 to September 30, 1988. 2nd section wat to develop a scheme on the efficiency of clinical practice for nursing education and subjects were nursing professors 258: and clinical nurses 223 in 42 junior nursing colleges their clinical settings in korea. So total subjects were 481. Data were collected july 8, 1988 to June 30, 1988 and were analysed to get the mean, standand deviation, frequency, percentage, t-test, x-test used by SPSS - pc. Major findings were as follows: 1. The present condition of clinical education in junior college of nursing in Korea. 1) 32 colleges (76.2%) were managed by a-yeas system. 2) 25 colleges (59.5%) were performed by individual practice for each subject. 3) 4 weeks interval between class education and clinical education was a major type among total colleges(36.6%, J5 colleges) 4) 30 colleges (71.4%) provided clinical education for all subjects that should be practiced. Nursing administration wes not practiced in 5 colleges (41.9%) among the remainder(12 colleges). The main cause that all practice subjects were not practiced was the lack or absence of suitable clinical settings(8 colleges. 66.7%) 5) 18 colleges (42.9%) responded that a clinical educator was, subject-charged professor. 6) 12 colleges (29.3%) responded that a clinical instructor was in charge of 6~10 students. 7) The evaluation ration ratio(professor to head nurse) by each evaluator was mostly 50% to 50 % and 60% to 40%, respectively 11 colleges(27.5%) The most common evaluation methods were evaluation by head nures, report, presence, conference (11 colleges, 27.5%) 8) The field carrier of professor was mostly 2 years (79 persons, 20.7%) and mean was 3.2 years. The education carrier of a professor was mostly over than 6 years (261 persons, 66.4%) and mean was 9.2 years. The charge hours per-week of a professor were mostly 16-18 hours (16 persons, 131.8%) 9) 34 colleges (82.9%) approved that clinical practice hour was class hour and 18 colleges (43.9 %) counted that 2 hours of clinical education equaled 1 hour of class education. 2. A study 'on the efficiency of clinical practice for nursing education. L) general characteristics of subjects were as follows: kung-sang province (145 persons, 30.5%), 30-34 years (190 persons, 39.8%), graduated degree (245 persons, 51.5%), 6-10 years of carrier (199 persons, 41.4%) were the majority. 2) suitable clinical setting was responded the systematic ward with responsible clinical educator by 210 persons(43.8%) The response by working field of subjects showed a significant difference (p< 0.01) 3) 259 subjects (54.0%) responded that the desirable qualfication of clinical instructor was 3-5 years of clinical experience with master degree or higher. 4) The mean score of desirable quality degree of clinical instructor was 3.43 professors, score (3.54) was significantly higher than clinical nurses' (3.28) (p<0.01) 412 subjects (86.0%) responded that the insufficient guality of instructor was improved by continuing to seek more new information in reference. 5) 196 subjects (41.4%) responded that desirable qualification of head nurse was more than 2 years of head position among 5 years of clinical experience. The response by working' field of subjects showed a significant difference (p<0.05) 6) The mean score of desirable quality degree of head nurse was 3.18 Clinical nurses' score(3.38) was significantly higher than professors' (3.01) (p<0.01) 419 subjects (87.8%) responded that the insufficient of head nurse was improved by continuing relationship with instructor and being responsible from planing of clinical education. 7) The mean score of performance level of the desirable clinical education guide incollege was 2.91 Professors' score (2.96) was significantly higher than clinical nurses' (2.84) (p<0.01) 340 subjects (71.1%) responded that the possible resolution for poor performance was the more specified syllabus of clinical education and the satisfiable orientation for students. 8) The mean score of performance level of the desirable clinical education guide in hospital was 3.03 9) 141 subjects (29.6%) responded that the desirable clinical evaluator was the group of professor, head nurse, staff nurse. Response by working field of subjects was a significant difference (p< 0.05) 10) The mean score of performance level of the evaluation content needed in clinical education was 3.50 Clinical nurses' score (3.56) was significantly higher than professors' (3.45) (p<0.01) 11) 433 subjects (90.2%) responded that6 desirable evaluation method for clinical education was the presence. 12) The mean score of performance level about how personal difference among clinical educators was minimized was 2.89 and response by working field of subjects was not significant. The cause of poor performance was too much workload at clinical settings and too many students st colleges by 386 subjects (81.1%).

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.153-158
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• 1976

It is clearly defined through a number of authoritative studies that the age of menarche influenced by the various combined factocs such as nutrition status, physical status, physical growth and development status, socio-economic status, locality, culture, education level, climate, race heredity etc. In order to obtain statistical data regarding the menarche of Korean school girls, anthers investigated on 4207 middle school girls and 703 woman college students in Seoul and Teagu during the period of September 10 to 30, 1973 and the result are summarized as followings; 1. The rates of menses experience by years were 18.2% in the age group of 12 years girls, 31.9% in 13 years, 64.6% in 14 years, 89.8% in 15 years, 98.1% in 16 years respectvely. 2. The average age of menarche for the 2504 school girls who were born during the yrar of 1957-1961 is 13.4 years with the rang of 9 years to 16 years. And the most frequent age of menarche is 13 years. 3. The average age of menarche for the 703 woman college students who were born during the year of 1950-1954 is 14.3 years with the rang of 9 years to 18 years. And the most frequent age if menarche is 13 years. 4. The appearence of menarche is most common in August (20.7%) for the group who were born during the year of 1957-1961 and most rear in November (4.2%). And it is also most common in August (19.9%) for the group who were born puring the year of 1950-1954 but most rear in June (3.4%).

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2005

목 적 : A형 간염 바이러스는 주로 대변에서 경구로 전파되기 때문에 개인과 공중위생이 A형 간염의 연령과 유병률에 영향을 준다. 저자들은 포항에서 비 현증 A형 간염과 A형 간염 예방접종 계획을 위한 기초 자료를 얻고자 A형 간염 항체 양성률을 조사하였다. 방 법 : 포항시에 거주하고 2004년 1월부터 2005년 2월까지 포항 한동대학교 선린병원, 포항 동국대학교병원, 포항 기독병원에, A형 간염 예방 접종을 하지 않았고, 간질환 이외의 다른 질환으로 입원한 총 603명의 환자를 대상으로 혈액 3 mL을 채혈하여 원심분리하여 전기 화학 발광 면역 측정법(electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, ECLIA)으로 A형 간염 바이러스 IgG 항체 양성률을 측정하였다. 결 과 : 총 603명의 검사 대상자들 중 소아군(15세 미만) 523명, 15세 이상 80명이었다. A형 간염항체 양성률은 소아군에서는 0~5개월 71명, 6~11개월 74명, 12~17개월 79명, 18~23개월 82명, 2~3세 72명, 4~8세 74명, 9~14세 71명이었고, 15~29세 40명, 30대 이상 40명이었고, A형 간염항체 양성률은 소아군에서는 523명 중 101명이 항체 검출되어 19.3%이었고, 15세 이상에서는 80명중 56명이 항체 검출되어 70.0%의 항체 양성률을 보였다. 연령별로는 소아군에서 0~5개월 73.2%, 6~11개월 14.9%, 12~17개월 8.9%, 18~23개월 7.3%, 2~3세 5.5%, 4~8세 12.1%, 9~14세 16.9%, 15~29세 52.5%, 30대 이상 92.5%의 급격히 높은 항체 양성률를 보였다. 대상자의 성별 항체 양성률은 남/녀 각각 0~5개월 73.7/70.0%, 6~11개월 15.8/13.9%, 12~17개월 9.5/8.1%, 18~23개월 7.0/7.7%, 2~3세 5.5%, 4~8세 12.1%, 9~14세 16.9%, 15~29세 52.5%, 30대 이상 92.5%로 남녀 두 군간의 항체 양성률에는 의미 있는 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 한국에서 다른 도시의 과거의 조사와 비교하여 포항시에서 실시한 4~8세와 9~14세의 연령층에서 A형 간염의 항체 유병률이 낮았다. 이에 저자들은 포항이 다른 도시와 비교하여 위생 상태가 적어도 나쁘지 않는 것으로 추정할 수가 있다. 그리고 3세 후에 A형 간염 유병률이 증가하기 때문에 3세 까지 A형 간염 예방접종을 마칠 것을 추천하는 바이다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.693-702
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• 2005

치아의 정확한 맹출 시기와 그 순서는 어린이의 발육 성숙도의 지표로서 소아치과 임상 및 예방 교정치료에 있어서 매우 중요하다. 이에 $2001{\sim}2003$년에 연세대학교 치과대학병원 소아치과에 내원한 어린이 중 만 5세부터 만 14세까지의 남자 654명, 여자 542명, 총 1,196명의 자료를 수집하여 영구치의 맹출 시기 및 순서에 대한 연구 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 상악 영구치의 맹출 시기는 중절치 남 만6.81세, 여 만6.78세, 측절치 남 만8.30세, 여 만7.98세, 견치 남 만10.28세, 여 만10.04세, 제1소구치 남 만9.74세, 여 만9.90세, 제2소구치 남 만10.87세, 여 만10.41세, 제1대구치 남 만6.25세, 여 만6.54세, 제2대구치 남 만12.21세, 여 만12.03세였다. 2. 하악 영구치의 맹출 시기는 중절치 남 만6.00세, 여 만6.06세, 측절치 남 만6.99세, 여 만6.74세, 견치 남 만9.83세 여 만9.17세, 제1소구치 남 만9.92세, 여 만9.75세, 제2소구치 남 만10.66세, 여 만10.39세, 제1대구치 남 만5.99세, 여 만5.75세, 제2대구치 남 만11.92세, 여 만12.17세였다. 3. 영구치의 맹출 순서는 상악에서 제1대구치, 중절치, 측절치, 제1소구치, 견치, 제2소구치, 제2대구치의 순이었고, 하악에서 제 1대구치, 중절치, 측절치, 견치, 제 1소구치, 제2소구치, 제2대구치의 순이었다.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.262-267
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• 2015

잔디 뗏장의 효율적인 생산과 토양 관리 시스템을 구축하고 재배방법을 개선하기 위한 기초 데이터를 제공하기 위해, 토양환경에 따른 잔디의 생육상태에 대한 연구를 수행 할 필요가 있다. 본 연구는 뗏장 생산의 재배기간에 따른 잔디의 생육과 토양 화학적 특성을 조사하기 위해 뗏장 재배기간이 1년, 10년, 20년, 그리고 30년 된 지역을 각각 조사하였다. 재배기간이 장기화됨에 따라, 토양 용적밀도는 증가하였고, 공극률과 기상은 감소하였다. pH는 30년 동안 재배된 곳에서 가장 높았고, 전질소와 유기물의 함량은 1년 동안 재배된 토양에서 가장 높았다. 결과적으로, 토양 화학적 특성은 1년 재배된 토양에서보다 계속적인 재배 토양에서 악화되었다. 잔디의 재배기간이 길어짐에 따라 지상부와 지하부의 생육이 감소하였다. 그러므로 계속적인 잔디 뗏장 생산 재배로 인한 토양 악화가 잔디의 품질과 생장을 감소시키므로, 10년 이상 연작된 지역에서는 토양 갱신을 통해 잔디생육을 향상시켜야 한다.