• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2008

We investigated the proper dietary protein and lipid levels for growth and body composition of juvenile sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus. Three replicate groups of the sea cucumber(average weight of 1.1 g) were fed the experimental diets containing different levels of protein(10, 20, 30 and 40%) and lipid(3, 7 and 11%) for 10 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, survival of each group was over 87%, and there was no significant difference among the groups. Weight gain and specific growth rate(SGR) of sea cucumber were significantly affected by dietary protein(P<0.005) and lipid levels(P<0.001). The highest weight gain and SGR were observed when sea cucumber fed the diet containing 30% protein with 3% lipid(P<0.05). Weight gain and SGR of the sea cucumber fed the diet containing 3% lipid were higher than the other groups at the same protein level except for 40% protein group(P<0.05). Protein content of the sea cucumber fed the diet containing 30% protein with 3% lipid was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those fed 20% protein diets with 7% or 11% lipids and 10% protein diet with 7% lipid. Moisture, lipid and ash contents of the whole body were not significantly different among the groups. Fatty acid compositions such as linoleic acid, EPA(20:5n-3) and DHA(22:6n-3) of the whole body were affected by those of dietary lipid sources. The results of this study indicate that the diet containing 30% protein and 3% lipid is optimal for growth of juvenile sea cucumber.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.30.1-30.6
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• 2018

A study of three feeding trials was conducted to investigate the dietary protein requirements of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) at three different growth stages. Six experimental diets were formulated to include increasing protein levels of 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, and 50% (designated as P25, P30, P35, P40, P45, and P50, respectively) for three feeding trials. The three feeding trials were conducted in different-sized shrimp at 0.65 g (trial 1), 4.80 g (trial 2), and 10.5 g (trial 3). Triplicate groups of shrimp were fed one of the experimental diets for 36, 42, and 48 days in trials 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In trial 1, the growth performance was not affected by the dietary protein levels. However, protein efficiency ratio was significantly higher in P30 diet compared to P40, P45, and P50 diets. In trial 2, growth rate was significantly higher in P35 diet than in P25 diet. In trial 3, the lowest growth performance was obtained in P25 diet which significantly differed from that of other experimental diets. Broken line analysis of growth data indicates that the optimal dietary level of crude protein is 34.5, 35.6, and 32.2% for small-, medium-, and large-sized (juvenile, sub-adult, and adult stages) Pacific white shrimp, respectively.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.296-301
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• 2015

Eggshell-based biocomposites have become attractive due to their exquisite nanostructure and biological properties, which are mainly composed of highly organized calcium carbonate crystals controlled by organic macromolecules such as proteins and polysaccharides. Here, we designed the recombinant fusion protein of a putative eggshell matrix protein named as GG1234 and a fluorescent reporter protein of DsRed. The protein was successfully over-expressed in E. coli and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. In vitro calcium carbonate crystallization was conducted in the presence of the fusion protein, and morphological change was investigated. The protein inhibited the calcite growth in vitro, and spherical calcium carbonate micro-particles with the diameter of about $20-30{\mu}m$ were obtained. We expect that this study would be helpful for better understanding of eggshell-based biomineralization.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.172-177
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• 1993

To extract insoluble proteins from sesame meal residue by microorganism, the sesame meal residue was treated with crude enzyme solution of Bacillus sp. CW-1121. The foaming capacity of salt soluble protein was quite lower than that of water soluble protein and the foaming stability of salt soluble protein decreased abruptly in 10 min., while it sustained for 30 min in case of water soluble protein. Emulsion capacities of all the protein fractions showed minimum value near isoelectric point of protein and salt soluble protein had lower emulsion capacities than that of water soluble protein. The emulsion stability of the protein was relatively stable for 30 min at $80^{\circ}C$. Oil and water absorption capacities of salt soluble protein were higher than those of water soluble protein.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.156-163
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• 2014

We investigated the effects of a high-protein diet and resveratrol supplementation on immune cells changes induced by abdominal irradiation in rats. Female Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: 1) control diet, 2) control diet with irradiation 3) 30% high-protein diet with irradiation, 4) normal diet with resveratrol supplementation and irradiation, and 5) 30% high-protein diet with resveratrol supplementation and irradiation. We measured blood protein and albumin concentrations, lipid profiles, white blood cell (WBC) counts, proinflammatory cytokine production, and splenocyte proliferation in rats that had been treated with a 17.5 Gy dose of radiation 30 days prior. A high-protein diet affected plasma total cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels, which were increased by the radiation treatment. In addition, the lymphocyte percentage and immunoglobulin M (IgM) concentration were increased, and the neutrophil percentage was decreased in rats fed a high-protein diet. Resveratrol supplementation decreased the triglyceride (TG) level, but increased the IgM concentration and splenocyte proliferation. Proinflammatory cytokine production was lower in rats fed a high-protein diet supplemented with resveratrol than in rats fed a control diet. The results of the present study indicate that high-protein diets, with or without resveratrol supplementation, might assist with recovery from radiation-induced inflammation by modulating immune cell percentages and cytokine production.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.161-165
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• 1999

The antiviral activity of CAP30 from Chenopodium album, a type1 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP), was examined against 5 different plant viral pathogens, and its activity against Tobacco mosaic virus was compared to those of well known antiviral proteins such as Pokeweed Antiviral protein from leaves and seeds. When the inoculating concentration of Tobacco mosaic virus was varied from 0.4 to $400{\mu}g/ml$, it was observed that CAP30 at the concentration of $1{\mu}g/ml$ suppressed the viral infection of C. amaranthicolor and C. quinoa almost completely up to $40{\mu}g/ml$ Tobacco mosaic virus. Results from the assays for the inhibitions of in vitro translation of rabbit reticulocyte lysate and the suppression of Tobacco mosaic virus infection ($10{\mu}g/ml$) to C. quinoa indicated that CAP30 is a strong inhibitor of protein synthesis and virus infection. The infection of several viruses other than Tobacco mosaic virus to host plants were also inhibited by $5{\mu}g/ml$ CAP30, suggesting that a gene encoding CAP30 can be used to develop transgenic virus-resistant plants.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.265-271
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• 2015

A feeding trial of four dietary protein levels (20, 30, 40, and 50%) and two lipid levels (7 and 14%) with a factorial design was conducted to determine the optimal dietary protein and lipid levels for juvenile Israeli carp Cyprinus carpio. Triplicate groups of fish (average body weight, $1.3{\pm}0.02g$) were fed the experimental diets for 9 weeks. Survival of fish was not affected by either dietary protein or dietary lipid level. Weight gain and feed efficiency increased as dietary protein levels increased up to 40 and 50%, respectively. Weight gain was higher in fish fed the high-lipid diets with 20 and 40% protein content. Feeding efficiency increased as the dietary lipid level increased for the 30, 40, and 50% protein diets. Daily feed intake decreased with increasing protein level and the minimum feed consumption was observed in fish fed the 50% protein diet with 14% lipid content. Moisture and lipid contents of the whole body were affected by both dietary protein and lipid levels. The crude lipid content of fish fed the 14% lipid diet was higher than that of fish fed the 7% lipid diet at each protein level. The results of this study indicate that a diet containing 40% protein with 14% lipid content is optimal for the growth and effective protein utilization of juvenile Israeli carp.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.1763-1769
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• 2011

The neutrichemical analysis of hempseed from Cheungsam was performed in order to apply hempseed to food industry. Cheungsam hempseed was mainly composed of crude fat (30.52%) and protein (30.02%). The hempseed fat contained about 88% of polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the omega-6 to omega-3 ratio was determined to be approximately 3:1. Hempseed from Cheungsam was rich in essential amino acids. Moreover, hempseed protein from Cheungsam, extracted by acid-base precipitation method, showed free radical scavenging activity. The results suggest that Cheungsam hempseed protein could be utilized as a superior source of protein nutrition.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1891-1892
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• 2009

• Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.46-46
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• 2001

Evidence has suggested that an anion channel blocker, 4, 4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2, 2' disulfonic acid (DIDS) could trigger Ca release from skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by binding to a 30 kDa SR protein. Since the high molecular weight $Ca^{2＋}$ release channel (CRC)/ryanodine receptor (RyR) is the main SR protein that conducts $Ca^{2＋}$ efflux in skeletal muscles, the relationship between CRC and the 30kDa protein remains to be elucidated.(omitted)