• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.1716-1723
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• 2003

A stereoscopic PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry) technique was employed to measure the 3 dimensional flow structure of turbulent wake behind a marine propeller with 5 blades. The out-of-plane velocity component was determined using two CCD cameras with the angular displacement configuration. Four hundred instantaneous velocity fields were measured for each of four different blade phases and ensemble averaged to investigate the spatial evolution of the propeller wake in the near-wake region from the trailing edge to one propeller diameter(D) downstream. The phase-averaged velocity fields show the potential wake and the viscous wake developed along the blade surfaces. Tip vortices were generated periodically and the slipstream contraction occurs in the near-wake region. The out-of-plane velocity component and strain rate have large values at the locations of tip and trailing vortices. As the flow goes downstream, the turbulence intensity, the strength of tip vortices and the magnitude of out-of-plane velocity component at trailing vortices are decreased due to viscous dissipation, turbulence diffusion and blade-to-blade interaction.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2010

The turbulent flows in a tunnel mock-up($10L{\times}0.5W{\times}0.25H$ m3 : scale reduction 1/20) with rectangular cross section were investigated. The instantaneous velocity fields of Re = 49,029, 89,571 were measured by the 2-D PIV system which is consisted of double pulsed Nd:Yag laser and the tracer particles in the straight-duct mock-up where the flows were fully developed. The mean velocity profiles were taken from the ensemble averages of 1,000 instantaneous velocity fields. Simultaneously, numerical simulations(RANS) were performed to compare with experimental data using STREAM code. Non-linear eddy viscosity model (NLEVM : Abe-Jang-Leschziner Eddy Viscosity Model) was employed to resolve the turbulent flows in the duct. The calculated mean velocity profiles were well compared with PIV results. In the log-law profiles, the experimental data were in good agreement with numerical simulations all the way to the wake region except the viscous sub-layer (near wall region).

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.136-142
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• 2021

Submerged and semi-submerged vehicles expel cooling water through an outlet. In this process, induced noise and vibration by the flow around the outlet have been reported, and it may cause problems directly related to survivability of the navy vessels. The coolant outlet has a net-type structure and circular columns are mostly used. In this study, flow measurements using PIV and LDV were performed for different type outlets; conventional (flat plate with round bar) and improved (flat and flat plate) configurations. Experiments were conducted at a cavitation tunnel where pressure and steady flow rate conditions are ensured for sufficient time to measure the flow. The average velocity field of the outlets were measured and compared through LDV measurements, and instantaneous vorticities were evaluated through PIV measurements. The results show that the improved type of the outlet is advantageous in terms of flow stability compared to the conventional type of the outlet.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.365-370
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• 2004

Simultaneous measurement with PLIF(Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence) and Stereo-PIV(Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry) was performed to investigate the structural characteristics of flow field in Rushton Turbine Mixer. Instantaneous 3D velocity fields are measured by two 2K${\times}$2K CCD cameras focused on an object plane with the angular displacement methods while the concentration fields are obtained through the measurement of the fluorescence intensity of Rhodamine B tracer excited by the second pulse of Nd:Yag laser light. Image distortion due to the camera view-angle is compensated by a mapping function. Finally, the spatial structures of turbulent flow around Rushton turbine were identified by the calculation of synchronized data of the velocity field and concentration field.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2012

Experimental data for the flows in a mixing tank with a bottom agitator are useful for the validation of CFD commercial code. A hybrid volume PIV measurement technique was constructed to measure the flows inside of the mixing tank. The measurement system consists of three cameras. An agitator was installed at the bottom of the tank and it rotates clockwise and counterclockwise. Using the constructed measurement system, instantaneous vector fields were obtained. A phase averaging technique was adopted for the measured instantaneous three-dimensional velocity vector fields. Turbulent properties were evaluated from the instantaneous vector fields.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2007

The Characteristics of the flowfield around two circular cylinders in tandem arrangement was investigated by PIV. Strouhal numbers. velocity vectors and velocity profiles were observed at centre-to-centre space ratios of P/D= 1.5. 2.0 and 2.5, and Reynolds number of $Re=3.0{\times}10^3{\sim}5.0{\times}10^3$. As the results the Strouhal numbers measured in the rear region of the cylinder of wake side were decreased with the space ratios. The flow between two cylinders was almost stagnated and the size of the stagnated region was larger in the close side than in the far side of the front cylinder. The direction of vortex between two cylinders was opposed each other with the small difference(${\alpha}\;{\pm}1.0^{\circ}$) of the attack angle ${\alpha}$.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2008년도 12th Asian Congress of Fluid Mechanics
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• pp.60.3-60.3
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• 2008

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2000

수면 하에서 정속으로 움직이는 MACA0012 수중익에 의하여 생성되는 정상파 및 쇄파에 대한 실험적 연구를 회류수조에서 수행하였다. 실린더의 몰수깊이에 따른 자유표면 파형을 관측하였고, PIV를 이용하여 수중익과 자유표면 사이 유동장의 순간속도와 평균속도를 계측한 후 와도분포를 구하였다. 쇄파의 발생, 전개 그리고 소멸과정을 조사하였고, 특히 자유표면 부근의 와류 구조와 같은 복잡 순간유동장의 가시화를 통하여 수중익과 쇄파 간의 상호작용을 해석하고자 하였다. 본 실험으로 PIV 계측기법은 조선해양공학의 다양한 연구분야에 훌륭히 적용될 수 있음을 보았고 더욱이 정량적인 해석이 필요한 실험에도 사용이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.404-413
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• 2013

In the present study, a towed underwater particle image velocimetry (PIV) system was validated in uniform flow and used to investigate the free-surface effects on the turbulent wake of a simple surface-piercing body. The selected test model was a cylindrical geometry formed by extruding the Wigley hull's waterplane shape in the vertical direction. Due to the constraints of the two-dimensional (2D) PIV system used for the present study, the velocity field measurements were done separately for the vertical and horizontal planes. Using the measured data at several different locations, it was possible to identify the free-surface effects on the turbulent wake in terms of the mean velocity components and turbulence quantities. In order to provide an accuracy level of the data, uncertainty assessment was done following the International Towing Tank Conference standard procedure.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.663-684
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• 2016

Conical vortices generated at the corner regions of large-span flat roofs have been investigated by using the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique. Mean and instantaneous vector fields for velocity, vorticity, and streamlines were measured at three visual planes and for two different flow angles of $15^{\circ}$. The results indicated that conical vortices occur when the wind is not perpendicular to the front edge. The location of the leading edge corresponding to the negative peak vorticity and maximum turbulent kinetic energy was found at the center of the conical vortex. The wind pressure reaches the maximum near the leading edge roof corner, and a triangle of severe suctions zone appears downstream. The mean pressure in uniform flow is greater than that under turbulent flow condition, while a significant increase in the fluctuating wind pressure occurs in turbulent streams. From its emergence to stability, the shape of the vortex cross-section is nearly elliptical, with increasing area. The angle that forms between the vortex axis and the leading edge is much smaller in turbulent streams. The detailed flow structures and characteristics obtained through FLUENT simulation are in agreement with the experimental results. The three dimensional (3-D) structure of the conical vortices is clearly observed from the comprehensive arrangement of several visual planes, and the inner link was established between the vortex evolution process, vortex core position and pressure distribution.