• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.263-268
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• 2010

This study was demonstrate a repeated oral dose toxicity of detoxication sulphur in 8-weeks-old female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The rats were treated with dose of 0.2%, 1%, 5% detoxication sulphur and 1% sulphur of feed consumption administered for 13 weeks. To evaluate the safety of detoxication sulfur, we examined the body weight, the feed intake, the clinical signs, the ophthalmological test, the hematological and the serum biochemical analysis. We also observed the histopathological changes of liver and kidney in rats. As a result, no significant differences in body weight, feed intake, hematological examination and histopathological between control and detoxication sulphur treatment group were found. Serum biochemical results were not shown significant differences in 0.2% and 1% the treated groups compared with control group. But glucose level were decrease, also ALT and ALP level were increase in 5% treated group. All of these results indicate that 1% detoxication sulphur of feed consumption may be safety in SD rat.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.159-165
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• 1997

This paper presents the optimum dimension of 89 ton class stow-net vessel with stern-fishing. The model of basic design is developed by using the optimization techniques referring to objective function and numerous constraints as follows; speed, fishing quantity, fishing days, catch per unit effort(CPUE), and weight/ratio of main dimensions, etc. Thus, the basic design of stow-net fishing vessel is built up by using the optimization of the design variables called the economic optimization criteria, and the objective function represents the criterion which is cost benefit ratio(CBR). The main conclusions are as follows. 1. S/W for decision of optimum hull size is developed in 89 ton class stow-net fishing vessel which is constructed with optimization of the design variables called the economic optimization criteria. 2. For optimum ship dimensions in 89 ton class stow-net fishing vessel, the hull dimensions can be obtained in the range of L= 27.3m, B = 6.6m, D = 2.80m, Cb = 0.695, T/D = 0.80, $\Delta$(displacement)=281.7ton with 10 knots.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.93-101
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• 1999

A simple experimental method was used in an attempt to realize the elevation of the fishing ability of purse seine in the sea area of Cheju Island, the changes of seine volume and tension in the purseline during pursing. Experiments carried out on the six types simplified reduced model seines which were made of knotless nettings. The nettings were woven in different leg length 4.3, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.6 and 7.7mm of polyester 28 tex two threads two-ply twine, and each of the seines were named I, II, III, IV, V and Ⅵ seine. Dimension of seine models were 450cm for corkline and 85cmfor seine depth, each seines rigged up 160g of float for a floatline and 50g (underwater weight) of lead for a leadline. These model purse seines were made of the scale of 1/200 of its full scale, a 120 ton in the near sea of Cheju Island. Designing and testing for the model purse seines were based on the Tauti's law. Experiments were measured in the observation channel of a flume tank at the static conditions set up shooting and pursing equipments. Motion of purse seine during purse line was recorded by the two sets video camera for VTR which were placed in top and front of the model seine. The reading coordinate of seine volume carried out by the video digitization system, disk data for the purseline tension. An analysis were performed on the changes seine volume and tension in the purseline during pursing. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The seine volume during pursing was largest for Ⅵ seine with smallest d/l followed by V, IV, III, II and I seines, and tension in the purseline was small. 2. Seine volume during pursing can be expressed by the following equation; CVt=l-EXP[｛2.79 (d/l）＋0.35｝t-33.37 (d/l) ＋ 0.57] Where CVt is volume ratio, d is twine diameter, l is leg length and t is pursing time (sec). 3. Tension in the purse line during pursing can be expressed by the following equation; T= 1- EXP ｛0.57t ＋ 13.36 (d/l)+2.97｝ Where T is tension (kg) in the purseline during pursing.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.541-547
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• 1996

The previous monoclonal antibody labeling method for bone marrow immunoscintigrapy was complicated and laborious for clinical application. Also it showed a relatively low labeling efficiency. To improve this procedure, we compared several direct labeling methods of $^{99m}Tc$. 1) The labeling efficiency in the method using gluconate as a transchelator was low (40-70%), but immunoscintigraphy using this radiotracer produced a clear image. 2) To improve labeling efficiency, ${\beta}$-mercaptoethanol was removed after reduction. The labeling efficiency was improved up to 70-80%, but the radioactivity of the blood pool was high. 3) The higest labeling efficiency (>90%) and best quality images could be obtained by using MDP as a transchelating agent. It did not require additional procedures for separation of labeled antibodies. The immunoreactivity of this antibody was 60%. Residual MDP which can be taken up by the bone could be removed by PD-10 column. The reduced antibodies were stable with a high labeling efficiency (>90%) for up to 47 days by deep freezing. We concluded that the improved procedure for $^{99m}Tc$ labeling of anti-NCA-95 monoclonal antibody using MDP as a transchelating agent will be a simple and useful method for clinical application.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.203-213
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• 2017

This study investigated the changes in yields, antioxidant compounds, and antioxidant activities among 11 adzuki bean cultivars cultivated in a paddy field with somewhat poorly drained soil. The adzuki bean cultivars were cultivated in the paddy field from 2015 to 2016 in Milyang, Gyeongsangnam, Korea. Average soil moisture content was 16.5% in 2015 and 31.0% in 2016 at the experimental site during adzuki bean cultivation. As the soil moisture content increased, most of the adzuki bean cultivars showed deceases in stem height, first setting pod node, number of pods, 100 seed weight, and yield. Chungju-pat produced the greatest yields among the 11 cultivars in 2015 and 2016, whereas Hongeon had the smallest yields. Adzuki bean yields after paddy field cultivation was lower for all cultivars than for adzuki bean yields from the same cultivars after upland field cultivation. Chungju-pat and Chilbo-pat showed the smallest decreases in yields after paddy field cultivation, whereas Hongeon and Kumsil showed the greatest yield reductions. There were no significant differences in proximate composition. Some mineral components ($P_2O_5$, Ca, and Mg) were statistically different across cultivars. Chungju-pat had the highest Ca and Mg contents, but antioxidant components (polyphenol and flavonoids) and antioxidant activities (ABTS and DPPH) were highest in Saegil and lowest in Jungbu-pat. PCA and clustering analyses, based on the growth, yield, and antioxidant component measurements, performed to identify which variables contributed the most to separating adzuki bean cultivars or to grouping cultivars with similar characteristics. These analyses showed that the antioxidant components and antioxidant activities had the most influence on grouping cultivars together. Among the 11 cultivars, Saegil was statistically different from the other cultivars, but the other 10 cultivars were not significantly different under paddy field cultivation. Soil moisture content affected adzuki bean yield and antioxidant component contents. An increase in soil moisture led to a decrease in yield, but an increase in antioxidant components. These results provide information that will improve the selection of an appropriate adzuki bean cultivar for use in paddy fields.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.73-80
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• 2010

Liver regeneration is a result of highly coordinated proliferation of hepatocytes and nonparenchymal liver cells. Partial hepatectomy (PH) is the most often used stimulus to study liver regeneration because, compared with other methods that use hepatic toxins, it is not associated with the tissue injury and inflammation, and the initiation of the regenerative stimulus is precisely defined. Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which is a cytokine able to regulate the proliferation and differentiation of epithelial cells, was first identified as the most potent mitogen for bone marrow. Particularly, rrhGM-CSF, which is highly glycosylated and sustained longer than any other types of GM-CSF in the blood circulation, was specifically produced from rice cell culture. In this experiment, effects of rrhGM-CSF administration were evaluated in the regenerating liver after 78% PH of rats. Morphological changes induced by PH were characterized by destroyed hepatocyte plate around the central vein and enlarged nuclear cytoplasmic ratio and increased hepatocytes with two nuclei. And then, proliferation of liver cells (parenchymal and nonparenchymal) and rearrangement of plates and lobules seemed to be carried out during liver regeneration. These alterations in the experimental group preceded those of the control. Since proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) is known to be a nuclear protein maximally elevated in the S phase of proliferating cells, the protein was used as a marker of liver regeneration after PH in rats. PCNA levels by western blot analysis and immunohistology were compared between the two groups. PCNA protein expression of two groups at 12 hr and 24 hr after injury showed similar pattern. The protein expression showed the peak at 3 days in both groups, however, the protein level of the experimental group was higher than that of the control. On immunohistochemical observations, the reaction product of PCNA was localized at the nuclei of proliferating cells and the positive reaction in experimental group at 3 days was clearly stronger than that in control group. The results by Western blotting and immunohistology for PCNA showed similar pattern in terms of the protein levels. In conclusion, rrhGM-CSF administration during liver regeneration after 78% PH accelerated breakdown and restoration of the hepatic plate and expression of PCNA. These results suggest that rrhGM-CSF might play an important role during liver regeneration in rats.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.380-387
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• 2015

The anti-amnesic effect of Artemisia argyi H against trimethyltin (TMT)-induced learning and memory impairment and its neuroprotective effect against $H_2O_2$-inducedoxidative stress were investigated. Cognitive behavior was examined by Y-maze and passive avoidance test for 4 weeks, which showed improved cognitive functions in mice treated with the extract. In vitro neuroprotective effects against $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress were examined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium-bromide and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. A. argyi H. extract showed protective effects against $H_2O_2$-induced neurotoxicity; moreover, LDH release into the medium was inhibited. Finally, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that eupatilin and jaceosidin were the major phenolic compounds in A. argyi H. extract. These results suggest that A. argyi H. could be a good source of functional substances to prevent neurodegenerative diseases.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2004

This study attempted to survey the present status of the eight students who, 17 years from now, had participated in a special program for 170 days preparing for early entrance to the KAIST. With six students who responded to the questionnaire previously sent, the study focused on each participant's achievement at present, his evaluation on Accelerated Education, his personal opinions on early entrance to university and Gifted Science Education. From the survey, we could find out that three participants had received a doctorate and they are currently working as researchers at research center or professors at university. The other three participants are working as researchers at research center after receiving the M. S. Academic achievements vary according to each participant, but three of them, who ranked high in research achievement, had their articles published in international journals of the SCI level even when they were between 25 and 28 of age. Two of them in particular showed outstanding engineering and developing the commercial modem for IMT 2000 for the first time in Korea. One participant entered Harvard University to major in physics and afterwards studied the law in UCLA. He is now a professor in the law department. Concerning the evaluations on Accelerated Education and early entrance system, four participants answered positively while two participants expressed negative attitudes. When asked their opinions on the Gifted Education in Korea, such problems were pointed out as too much pressure of entering the first-class universities, the tendency to avoid choosing science-related major at universities, the lack of education system that encourages creative thinking, etc. It is necessary that the accelerated education play an important role to maximize their hidden potentials. It remains to be seen in what places these six participants will find themselves and of what ideas they will come up within the next 17 years. It will be worthwhile to wait until then for another survey.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.575-596
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• 2012

Students' perception on a science program for gifted was investigated. The whole program was designed in consistency and integrity based on the Autonomous Learner Model suggested by Betts & Kercher(1999). 7th, 8th and 9th grade students were enrolled in this program, offered by G Education Institute for Gifted(GEI) located in Seoul. A survey was done to ask students' perception regarding the effect of the program. The survey consisted of statements about the expected effects of the program and students were asked if they agreed with the statements. Most students strongly agreed that GEI's program has positive effects. Students replied that they learned useful and interesting science contents, enjoyed meaningful experience of cooperating with members in small groups, and were challenged by the inquiry tasks. They recognized that they were being trained to become autonomous learners. They also said that their choices and decisions were respected, which resulted in positive effects on their ability to negotiate or to inquire actively. These implies that Autonomous Learner Model had been successfully applied. Although it was not clear autonomy of students was fully grown, the possibility of becoming an autonomous learner was evident. Satisfaction level is higher for the older students, implying that the integrity in the program gave accumulating effect. Students response showed that three sub-programs of GEI, the classes of each subject, conference at the end of the year and autonomous learner training played equally important role for students to learn the process of scientific inquiry and autonomous learning. This was a positive sign that the strategies for scientific inquiry and autonomous learning were embedded and integrated deeply in the program. The results of current research suggests that the integrity of a program based on a specific education model for the gifted could provide better education environment for the gifted students.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.634-643
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• 2005

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of blue light emitting diode (LED) Light Curing Units (FreeLight 2, L.E.Demetron I, Ultra-Lume 5) on the microhardness of three resin composites (Z250, Point 4, Dyract AP) and to determine their optimal curing time. Samples were made using acrylic molds $(2.0mm{\times}3mm)$ of each composite. All samples were prepared over a Mylar strip placed on a flat glass surface. After composite placement on the molds, the top surface was covered with another Mylar strip and a glass slab was gently pressed over it. The times of irradiation were as follows: Elipar TriLight, 40 s; Elipar FreeLight 2. L.E.Demetron I, and Ultra-Lume 5, 10s, 20s, 40s, respectively. Mean hardness values were calculated at the top and bottom for each group. ANOVA and Sheffe's test were used to evaluate the statistical significance of the results. Results showed that FreeLight 2, Ultra-Lume 5, and L.E.Demetron I were able to polymerize point 4 in 20 seconds to a degree equal to that of the halogen control at 40 seconds. FreeLight 2 and L.E.Demetron I were able to polymerize Z250 in 10 seconds to a degree equal to that of the halogen control at 20 seconds. FreeLight 2 and L.E.Demetron I were able to polymerize Dyract AP in 10 seconds to a degree equal to that of the halogen control at 40 seconds. The commercially available LED curing lights used in this study showed an adequate microhardness with less than half of the exposure time of a halogen curing unit.