• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.56-67
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to compare the circumference and skinfold thickness of upper and lower limb and the leg strength of the casted limb with those of the normal limb after removal of a leg cast. The subjects for the study were orthopedic patients who had had long and short leg casts or splints due to tibial, fibulal, metatarsal, calcaneus fracture or ankle sprains. The subjects were divided into two groups, those who had the cast on for less than 40 days and those for over 41 days. Circumference and skinfold thickness of the upper and lower limb on the side on which the cast was ap-plied were compared with those of the contralateral side after removal of the cast. Circumference and skinfold thickness of the upper and lower limb, and leg strength for those in a cast for under 40 days were compared with those of over 41 days for both the side to which cast was applied and the contralateral side. Measurements were made after removal of the cast. Skinfold thickness was measured by fat caliper, circumference was measured by tape and lower extremity strength was determined with flat foot pressing on an electronic digital health meter in the sitting position. The results can be summarized as follows : 1. The circumference of the upper and lower leg on the side on which the cast was applied, when measured after the cast was removed, were significantly less than those of the normal side, 93.88%, 93.11% each. 2. Skinfold thickness of the quadriceps and gastrocnemius on the side on which the cast was applied were significantly less than those of the normal side when measured after removal of the cast, 85.98%, 82.85% respectively. 3. Leg strength on the side where the cast was applied was significantly 1ss than that on the normal side, 60.20%. 4. There was no difference in the circumference of upper and lower limbs, skinfold thickness or leg strength on the side where the cast was applied between the group which had the cast applied for under 40 days and the group that had it applied for over 41 days. 5. The circumference of the upper arm and lower leg on the normal side for the group that had the cast applied for over 41 days was significantly greater than the group that had the cast application for under 40 days. T ere was no difference between the two groups in the circumference of the forearm and upper leg, skinfold thickness and leg strength in the normal side. From these results, it may be concluded that muscle atrophy was apparent in the casted limb compared to the normal limb, and the circumference of the upper arm and lower leg, and leg strength on the normal side increased after removal of the cast in the group which had the cast on for more than 41 days.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.3579-3586
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of the obesity and metabolic syndrome of the university students and to contribute to the development of the national health promotion through the comparative analysis on the risk factors of the metabolic syndrome by BMI level. The subjects for the study were 848(445 men and 403 women) college students. That is underweight group(18.5 kg/$m^2$ ${\leq}$ BMI, UWG) 28(6%) men, 86(21%) women, normal weight group(18.5 kg/$m^2$ < BMI < 23 kg/$m^2$, NWG) 218(49%) men, 250(62%) women, overweight group(23 kg/$m^2$ ${\leq}$ BMI < 25 kg/$m^2$, OWG) 117(26%) men, 42(11%) women, obesity group(25 kg/$m^2$ ${\leq}$ BMI, OG) 82(19%)man, 25(6%) women based on BMI standard of classification by WHO(2004). The conclusions were as follow. This result are necessary to evaluate the fitness of the university students. Because we can recognize and prevent the negative factor that could be produced during young adults we know the risk factors that could be chronic disease.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.163-173
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• 2013

Objectives: There has been an increase in the use of mind-body therapies to control cardiovascular risk factors recently. This trial was designed to determine whether the 'jeol'(Korean Buddhists' prostration) meditation program, as a new mind-body intervention, was effective in managing stress, depression and controlling cardiovascular risk factors in women working at a geriatric hospital. Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial to determine whether the 'jeol' meditation program could improve stress, anxiety, depression, and cardiovascular risk factors in women. We randomly assigned 57 participants to the intervention(29 participants) or control(28 participants) group. The subjects in the intervention group participated in a group Jeol meditation program once weekly, and practiced at home. The following variables were assessed: stress(Psychosocial Wellbeing Index), depression(Beck's Depression Inventory), body mass index(BMI), waist circumference, hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c), homeostasis model assessment(HOMA), low-density lipoprotein(LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein(HDL) cholesterol, and triglyceride were assessed. Results: After the 8-week program, 2 participants from the intervention group and 1 from the control group dropped out. The subjects in the intervention group exhibited decreased scores for stress(t=5.102, p<0.01), depression(t=5.259, p<0.01), BMI(t=2.942, p=0.007), and waist circumference(t=2.582, p=0.016); however these scores did not demonstrate a significant decrease in participants of the control group. The other variables showed no significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: The 'jeol' meditation program evidently reduced stress, anxiety, depression, body weight, and waist circumference in women, which suggests that this program could be employed as a mind-body therapies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.615-627
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify the physical and psycho-social effects of self-foot reflexology on female college students wearing high heels. The research design used was the nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. A total of sixty-eight participants were assigned to the experimental group (n=35) or control group (n=33). Data were collected at baseline and after 6 weeks and 10 weeks. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA with the SPSS WIN 20.0 program. In the analysis of the physical effects of self-foot reflexology, there were significant interactions of group by time in terms of the lower extremity edema and fatigue (p<.05). In the analysis of the psycho-social effects of self-foot reflexology, there were significant interactions of group by time in terms of the perceived health status and self-efficacy (p<.05), except for health promoting behavior. Self-foot reflexology was effective in reducing lower extremity edema and fatigue and in improving the perceived health status and self-efficacy. Consequently, self-foot reflexology as a nursing intervention was found to be a method of providing female college students wearing high heels with physical and psycho-social relief.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3230-3242
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• 2015

In this study, in an attempt to elucidate the relevance and the association between AUDIT level and health related indices such as obesity-related indices (BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage), serum liver-enzyme levels (AST, ALT, GGT, total bilirubin) and serum lipid levels (TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C), data about including results of health checkup examination and questionnaire from 558 male examinees of 30-79 years old, who received a comprehensive health examination in the health promotion center of a university hospital during the period of January 1 to December 31, 2012, was analysed. As a results, the distribution of AUDIT rating of subjects was Zone I 58.2%, Zone II 25.3%, Zone III 7.0%, and Zone IV 9.5%. And AUDIT levels have significant relevance with age, smoking, body fat, GGT and TG. Especially, for the waist circumference, GGT and TG, the odds ratio indicating abnormality significantly increased in the higher AUDIT groups (Zone II~Zone IV) than a low-grade group (Zone I). This suggests that drinking problem with a high AUDIT level has a significant relevance with an abnormal increase of indices for obesity, serum liver-enzyme levels, serum lipid levels.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.349-357
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of ultrasonographic classification of fatty liver in three grades. From June 2018 to April 2019, 1047 patients (818 males and 229 females) diagnosed as fatty liver among 3607 patients who underwent abdominal ultrasonography at Busan screening center. Ultrasonography was classified into three grades: Grade I (mild fatty liver), Grade II (moderate fatty liver), and Grade III (severe fatty liver) according to the degree of parenchyma texture, acoustic attenuation, Obesity index, hematological test, and metabolic syndrome. The average age of men in each sex increased with the increase of the fatty liver. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference were significantly increased in both men and women (p=.000). hematological analysis showed that AST, ALT, ${\gamma}-GTP$, TG, fasting blood sugar, and glycated hemoglobin were significantly different from each other (p<.05). In women, ALT, ${\gamma}-GTP$ and TG showed a significant difference with increasing fatty liver (p<.05). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly increased in both sexes as the grade of fatty liver increased (p=.000). Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that the use of ultrasound - guided fatty liver according to severity may be useful for the treatment and follow - up of fatty liver if the liver grade is divided in consideration of hematological variables and metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.227-232
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• 2016

3D body scan data are used widely in various fields to make products and living spaces for superior human body fitness. Based on the 3D measurements of human bodies for teens in Size Korea 2013, this research provides a way of finding the representative body sizes and 3D body scan data. First, a multi-dimensional vector space consisting of many measurement items was projected onto a 2D vector space with circumference and length components via factor analysis. The representative body sizes and 3D scan data close to these values were obtained via the Mahalanobis distance in 2D space. Considering the adolescent growth pattern shown on this 2D space, males were divided into 4 age groups and females were divided into 3 age groups. Using the eigenbodies corresponding to the column vectors of the component score coefficient matrix, the representative body sizes of 13 measurement items (male) and 14 measurement items (female) for each age group were calculated. The representative body sizes and 3D scan data are very useful for modeling representative 3D human figures.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.326-336
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to assess the association between habitual snoring and metabolic syndrome in the Korean population and to evaluate it's possible gender variations. The study subjects were 2,007 volunteers aged 40-69 years who participated in regular health check-ups(male:434, female:1,573) from May 2012 to December 2012. Standard interviews, anthropometrics and biochemical studies were conducted. Habitual snoring was defined as snoring more than 4 days per week. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in our sampling pool was 17.4% (male: 20.7%, female: 16.5%), and this increased with age. After adjusting for age, smoke and alcohol consumption, sleep duration, regular exercise, the odds ratio of metabolic syndrome and it's components were increased significantly by habitual snoring. HDL-cholesterol, blood sugar, waist size were significantly higher in women, but not significantly higher in men.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.5-5
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• 2012

들깨는 아직 식물학적으로 분류는 되어 잇지 않으나 일반 식물분류학상 꿀풀과(진형과(唇形科); Labiatae)에 속하는 1년생 초본으로 동부 아시아지역이 원산지로 한국, 일본, 중국 동북부 등의 저위도 지역에서 광지역성 작물로 생육온도가 $10{\sim}15^{\circ}C$ 사이에서는 광합성 속도가 거의 변화가 없고 $20^{\circ}C$에서 최대에 이르며 $25^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서는 급격히 떨어지는 것으로 보고되어 있다. 들깨의 생육 적온은 $20^{\circ}C$ 전후로 벼, 옥수수 등 다른 여름작물에 비해 낮으며, 온도에 대한 반응은 매우 둔감한 반면, 광량에는 아주 민감하게 반응하는 기름작물이다. 우리나라의 농서에는 이조시대인 1429년 정초(鄭招)의 농사직설(農事直說)에서 들깨를 유마(油麻), 수임자(水荏子)로 기록한 이래 여러 문헌에 임(荏), 임자(荏子), 수임(水荏), 수소마(水蘇麻), 유마(油麻), 지마(脂麻) 등으로 불리워져 왔다. 예로부터 들깨는 쓰임새도 다양하여 식용기름, 등화용 이외에도 잎에서 나는 독특한 냄새를 가축들이 싫어하여 농작물을 보호하기 위한 목적으로 밭 둘레에 심거나 기상재해로 소득 작물 재배가 어려울 때 대파작물(代播作物)로 이용되어 왔다. 세계적으로 한국인만 식용으로 즐겨 사용하는 들깨가 근래에는 경제성장으로 국민 소비형태가 다양화되는 추세로 들깨를 종실뿐 아니라 신선 잎채소로 이용하는 양이 크게 증가하고 있으며 들깨기름에 들어있는 ${\alpha}$-리놀렌산이 오메가-3 지방산으로서 고혈압 등의 성인병 예방과 학습능력향상에 효과적이라는 사실이 밝혀짐에 따라 들깨를 이용한 오메가3 계란, 오메가3 두유 등 다양하게 건강식품으로 응용되고 최근 동물성 어류에서 추출하던 오메가-3 해양 오염. 프랑크톤의 먹이사슬 등의 환경문제로 들깨기름의 식물성 오메가-3로 대체하는 영향이 세계적으로 인식되기 시작하여 우리 한국 들깨의 우수성을 세계인들에게 널리 알리는데 노력하여야 하고 국내에서 농촌에 들깨 심기을 보다 확대하여 소득작물로 육성하여야 한다고 본다. 들깨는 식물 유지류 작물중 오메가-3가 가장 많은 60%이상의 함유량으로 기능성 건강 보조식품의 원료 및 사료로 이용되는 등 새로운 소득 작물로 자리 잡아가고 있다.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.1641-1649
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• 2014

This study aimed to analyze the occurrence of colon polyps and also risk factors of colon polyps. Among health examination examinees, 508 people were included who underwent colonoscopy and abdominal ultrasonography at the same time. Physical measurements also performed such as height, weight, blood pressure, waist measurement and BMI. General characteristics including age, sex, smoking, drinking and exercise as a risk factors were checked. At the same time, we analyzed various blood tests and fasting blood sugar through blood-gathering. In the results, regarding risk factors of colon polyps, AST, ALT, TC, fatty liver, obesity and smoking were shown significantly high. As a dependent variable with colon polyps, the highest relation was fatty liver(3.4 times), and then T-C(2.3 times). Smoking factor showed 2.3 times higher relation than non-smokers.