• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.2 no.5
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• pp.255-265
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• 2013

3DTV is expected to be a promising next-generation broadcasting service. On the other hand, the visual discomfort/fatigue problems caused by viewing 3D videos have become an important issue. This paper proposes a perceptual quality assessment metric for a stereoscopic video (SV-PQAM). To model the SV-PQAM, this paper presents the following features: temporal variance, disparity variation in intra-frames, disparity variation in inter-frames and disparity distribution of frame boundary areas, which affect the human perception of depth and visual discomfort for stereoscopic views. The four features were combined into the SV-PQAM, which then becomes a no-reference stereoscopic video quality perception model, as an objective quality assessment metric. The proposed SV-PQAM does not require a depth map but instead uses the disparity information by a simple estimation. The model parameters were estimated based on linear regression from the mean score opinion values obtained from the subjective perception quality assessments. The experimental results showed that the proposed SV-PQAM exhibits high consistency with subjective perception quality assessment results in terms of the Pearson correlation coefficient value of 0.808, and the prediction performance exhibited good consistency with a zero outlier ratio value.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.714-724
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• 2021

The point cloud content is immersive content recorded by acquiring points and colors corresponding to the real environment and objects having three-dimensional location information. When a point cloud content consisting of three-dimensional points having position and color information is enlarged and rendered, the gap between the points widens and an empty hole occurs. In this paper, we propose a method for improving the quality of point cloud contents through inverse transformation-based interpolation using depth information for holes by finding holes that occur due to the gap between points when expanding the point cloud. The points on the back are rendered between the holes created by the gap between the points, acting as a hindrance to applying the interpolation method. To solve this, remove the points corresponding to the back side of the point cloud. Next, a depth map at the point in time when an empty hole is generated is extracted. Finally, inverse transform is performed to extract pixels from the original data. As a result of rendering content by the proposed method, the rendering quality improved by 1.2 dB in terms of average PSNR compared to the conventional method of increasing the size to fill the blank area.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2011

Recently, 3D displays are supplied in the 3D markets so that the demand for 3D stereoscopic contents increases. In general, a simple method is to use a stereoscopic camera. As well, the production of 3D from 2D materials is regarded as an important technology. Such conversion works have gained much interest in the field of 3D converting. However, the stereoscopic image generation from a single 2D image is limited to simple 2D to 3D conversion so that the better realistic perception is difficult to deliver to the users. This paper presents a new stereoscopic content production method where foreground objects undergo alive action events. Further stereoscopic animation is viewed on 3D displays. Given a 2D image, the production is composed of background image generation, foreground object extraction, object/background depth maps and stereoscopic image generation The alive objects are made using the geometric transformation (e.g., translation, rotation, scaling, etc). The proposed method is performed on a Korean traditional painting, Danopungjung as well as Pixar's Up. The animated video showed that through the utilization of simple object transformations, more realistic perception can be delivered to the viewers.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.363-373
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• 2012

This paper proposes a method to generate a depth image at an arbitrary intermediate view-point, which is targeting a video service for free-view, auto-stereoscopy, holography, etc. It assumes that the leftmost and the rightmost depth images are given and they both have been camera-calibrated and image-rectified. This method calculates and uses a disparity increment per depth value. In this paper, it is obtained by stereo matching for the given two depth image by considering more general cases. The disparity increment is used to find the location in the intermediate view-point depth image (IVPD) for each depth in the given images. Thus, this paper finds two IVPDs, from left image and from right image. Noises are removed and holes are filled in each IVPDs and the two results are combined to get the final IVPD. The proposed method was implemented and applied to several test sequences. The results revealed that the quality of the generated IVPD corresponds to 33.84dB of PSNR in average and it takes about 1 second to generate a HD IVPD. We evaluate that this image quality is quite good by considering the low correspondency among the left images, intermediate images, and the right images in the test sequences. If the execution speed is improved, the proposed method can be a very useful method to generate an IVPD at an arbitrary view-point, we believe.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 2013

This paper proposes a face tracking algorithm for a viewpoint adaptive multi-view synthesis system. The original scene captured by a depth camera contains a texture image and 8 bit gray-scale depth map. From this original image, multi-view images that correspond to the viewer's position can be synthesized using geometrical transformations, such as rotation and translation. The proposed face tracking technique gives a motion parallax cue by different viewpoints and view angles. In the proposed algorithm, the viewer's dominant face, which is established initially from a camera, can be tracked using the statistical characteristics of face colors and deformable templates. As a result, a motion parallax cue can be provided by detecting the viewer's dominant face area and tracking it, even under a heterogeneous background, and synthesized sequences can be displayed successfully.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.85-88
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• 2021

포인트 클라우드 콘텐츠는 실제 환경 및 물체를 3 차원 위치정보를 갖는 점들과 그에 대응하는 색상 등을 획득하여 기록한 실감 콘텐츠이다. 위치와 색상 정보로만 이뤄진 3 차원 점으로 이뤄진 포인트 클라우드 콘텐츠는 확대하여 렌더링 할 경우 점과 점 사이의 간격이 벌어지면서 발생하는 구멍에 의해 콘텐츠 품질이 저하될 수 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 포인트 클라우드 확대 시 점들 간 간격이 벌어져 생기는 구멍에 대해 깊이정보를 활용한 역변환 기반 보간 방법을 통해 포인트 클라우드 콘텐츠 품질을 개선하는 방법을 제안한다. 벌어진 간격들 사이에서 빈 공간을 찾을 때 그 사이로 뒷면의 점들이 그려지게 되어 보간 방법을 적용하는데 방해요소로 작용한다. 이를 해결하기 위해 구멍이 발생하지 않은 시점에서 렌더링 된 영상을 사용하여 포인트 클라우드의 뒷면에 해당되는 점들을 제거한다. 다음으로 깊이 맵(depth map)을 추출한 후 추출된 깊이 값을 사용하여 뎁스 에지(depth edge)를 구하고 에지를 사용하여 깊이 불연속 부분에 대해 처리한다. 마지막으로 뎁스 값을 활용하여 이전에 찾은 구멍들의 역변환을 하여 원본의 데이터에서 픽셀을 추출한다. 제안하는 방법으로 콘텐츠를 렌더링 한 결과, 기존의 크기를 늘려 빈 영역을 채우는 방법에 비해 렌더링 품질이 평균 PSNR 측면에서 2.9 dB 향상된 결과를 보였다.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.252-260
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• 2016

The performance of human detection system is affected by camera location and view angle. In 2D image acquired from such camera settings, humans are displayed in different sizes. Detecting all the humans with diverse sizes poses a difficulty in realizing a real-time system. However, if the size of a human in an image can be predicted, the processing time of human detection would be greatly reduced. In this paper, we propose a method that estimates human size by constructing an indoor scene in 3D space. Since the human has constant size everywhere in 3D space, it is possible to estimate accurate human size in 2D image by projecting 3D human into the image space. Experimental results validate that a human size can be predicted from the proposed method and that machine-learning based detection methods can yield the reduction of the processing time.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.27-29
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• 2010

깊이데이터는 CG 또는 실사 영상에서 획득되는데 입체 영상 분야에서 활용도가 높다. 예를 들어 2D영상의 3D화질 개선, 입체영상의 입체감 개선 등의 활용이 되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 추세에 맞추어 홀로그램을 생성하는 입력 데이터의 전처리과정으로 통하여 CGH 홀로그램을 개선하는 영상처리 기술을 제안한다. 입력 데이터의 전처리를 통해 생성된 홀로그램 영상의 화질 개선을 제안하고, 실험을 통해 제안 방법의 우수성을 보여준다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.74-89
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• 2015

The objective of this study is to present countermeasures for mitigation of flood damage with inundation analysis considering the effect of inland and river flood and prediction of flood inundation area, depth and time against emergencies caused by abnormal flood and local torrential rainfall. In this study, 2-D inundation analysis was fulfilled on the basis of river flood analysis applying to HEC-HMS and FLDWAV model and inundation analysis applying to SWMM model for the area of Shineum-dong, Gimcheon-si. Also expected inundation depth and area about probable rainfall of 100 and 200 years frequency were suggested. If expected inundation depth and flooding area is presented on the basis of this inundation analysis considering the effect of inland and river flood, it would be an important preliminary data to establish structural and nonstructural countermeasures for flood prevention. Also if flood risk map is prepared based on the result of inundation analysis, it would be useful to evacuate residents in high-risk area and regulate road and vehicle.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.8
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• pp.95-101
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• 2023

Colmap is one of the innovative artificial intelligence technologies, highly effective as a tool in 3D reconstruction tasks. Moreover, it excels at constructing intricate 3D models by utilizing images and corresponding metadata. Colmap generates 3D models by merging 2D images, camera position data, depth information, and so on. Through this, it achieves detailed and precise 3D reconstructions, inclusive of objects from the real world. Additionally, Colmap provides rapid processing by leveraging GPUs, allowing for efficient operation even within large data sets. In this paper, we have presented a method of collecting 2D images of traditional Korean towers and reconstructing them into 3D models using Colmap. This study applied this technology in the restoration process of traditional stone towers in South Korea. As a result, we confirmed the potential applicability of Colmap in the field of cultural heritage restoration.