• 농촌계획
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.113-127
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• 2018

This study comprehends that the landscape of Ipsan Village is the accumulated output of the landscape management and social behavior by the historic personages through the reference research and field surveys. And the study sorted out the over-layered landscape characteristics of Ipsan Village by analyzing the dispersed landscape elements as follows. First, right before the start of Japanese invasions to Korea(1592-98), Tamjin(耽津) An(安) Family moved into Ipsan and started establishing the a single clan village. At a site with mountain background and facing the water(背山臨水), the village used to be a typical farming one with an organically planned road-system and housing area following the traditional order. However, the landscape has changed drastically since the 20th century with the construction of banks, roads and readjustment of arable land etc. Second, the original landscape, which can be figured out through the 'Gosanjaesibyukgyeong(高山齋十六景)' in the 18th century, shows its harmony with natural landscape: mountain & valley, stream & field, traditional trees, etc, cultural landscape: village, well, spring, etc, and momentary landscape: seasons, time, weather phenomena, sound, behavior, etc. Third, based on the second, 16 natural landscape elements: mountain & stream, planting, etc. and 25 cultural landscape elements: housing spaces, self-cultivation & ceremony spaces, community spaces and modern education & enlightenment spaces were selected and interpreted as landscaping meanings. Fourth, the over-layered landscape which stems from the compositive functions and inter-connectivity of landscape elements which consists Ipsan Village is regarded as 'Natural geographical and Fungsu landscape', 'Rural production and livelihood landscape', 'Confucian ceremony and symbolic landscape' and 'Modern education and enlightenment landscape.'

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.135-144
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• 2003

Fowl typhoid is a septicemic disease of turkeys and chickens. The antigen is Salmonella(S) gallinarum, which cross-reacts with S pullorum because of common antigen. The organism is maintained in the ovary of carrier birds and transmitted vertically in the york. It is also transmitted horizontally through feces and broken eggs. The symptoms are weakness, drowsiness, wing drooping, hyperexcitability, paresis and diarrhea. In the many cases, the birds are found dead in the morning before any symptoms have been noticed. this experiment was carried out to investigate the characteristics of S gallanarum and scrutinized about the control systems. 1. Fowl typhoid was came about in the winter than the other seasons. The average of mortality was 46.3%. And it was came about not only adult poultry but also chicks. 2. S gallinarum was isolated from liver and spleen in infected chickens. Total isolated strains were 60. 3. The organisms were all extinct at 60$^{\circ}C$, 30mins. 4. A survival rate was higher in underground water than a secondary distilled water. It was detected in underground water until 30 days. 5. When being exposed to the solar light, it became extinct almost within 24 hours. 6. It was survived in a refrigerator until 12 months. 7. It was extinct among 5 mins in 0.1% phenol and 2% formalin. 8. When the cultured organism fluid was inoculated in SD-rat abdominal cavity, rat died within 24 hours. 9. Pullorum-typhoid related program must disciplines in order to destroy the fowl typhoid, and breeding system must be converted to cage system.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.479-485
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• 2016

Background: Planting vigorous cuttings that quickly develop shoots and roots is essential to the biological and economic success of producing medicinal flowers. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of storage temperature and duration on seedling capacity in the propagation of Chrysanthemum indicum L. and to investigate the effect of rooting media on the growth of C. indicum L. after cutting. Methods and Results: Returning cuttings to supplemental cold storage ($2.0{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$) may extend duration of cutting viability 6 weeks, returning cuttings to supplemental warm storage ($25.0{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$) is not recommended. The treatment of the growing media experiments, which were conducted in the 2014 planting seasons, included sawdust, river sand, topsoil + sawdust, topsoil + poultry manure, sawdust + river sand, river sand + poultry manure, topsoil + river sand + poultry manure, topsoil + poultry manure + river sand + sawdust. Result indicated that the topsoil + poultry manure media performed best and supported the highest number of branches (3.47), branch length (26.39), and number of leaves (88.63). Conclusions: The results of the present study suggest that cold storage and the topsoil + poultry manure growth media was superior in supporting the early establishment of C. indicum cutting, this result will have a tremendous influence on propagation of this species.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.310-316
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• 2015

본 연구는 동해 남부 연안해역 통발에서 채집된 어류 종조성의 계절 및 연간변동을 조사하였다. 어류 시료는 2005년에서 2008년까지 계절별로 채집하였다. 조사기간 동안 24과에 속하는 32종의 어류가 채집되었다. 우점종은 붕장어 (Conger myriaster), 미역치 (Paracentropogon rubripinnis), 꼼치 (Liparis tanakae), 쌍동가리 (Parapercis sexfasciata), 먹장어 (Eptatretus burgeri), 청어 (Clupea pallasii pallasii)였으며, 이들 6종은 총채집개체수의 91.9%를 차지하였다. 어류 군집의 출현종수, 개체수, 생체량, 다양도는 계절변동을 나타내었는데, 출현종수와 개체수는 2008년 8월에 가장 높았고, 생체량과 다양도는 2005년 8월에 가장 높았다. ANOSIM 분석 결과, 2008년 어류 종조성은 다른 년도와 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. 반면 계절별 채집 종조성은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.854-860
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• 2014

Workers engaged in car inspection works have been exposed to many occupational hazards including noise, particulate matter, and volatile organic substances. Noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL) is one of the leading health hazards among Korean workers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the noise levels in several car inspection shops by introducing the evaluation methods of KMOEL/OSHA and ACGIH. Six sites in central area of Korea were selected to monitor the noise levels of workers by personal and area sampling methods for two consecutive days in spring, summer, fall and winter seasons. Dosimeters have been used for this noise monitoring program. Obtained noise levels by the evaluation method according to KMOEL/OSHA are the range of 50.2~88.2 dB(A), these are lower than KOEL/OSHA standards level of 90 dB(A). But highest noise by ACGIH's evaluation methodology is recorded 92.3 dB(A) and is greater than NIHL standard level of 85 dB(A). So that many workers may be exposed to the dangerous noise environment. The higher the car inspection loads daily, the higher the noise levels in the sites. Seasonal fluctuation of noise levels at the process might give monitoring results with high variations. Area noise levels showed higher than those of personal sampling, which illustrate some high noise spots in the car inspection areas.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.475-482
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• 2019

일제강점기 황해에서 일본 포경회사에 포획된 대형 수염고래류는 참고래 3,173마리, 대왕고래 7마리, 혹등고래 28마리를 합하여 총 3,200마리 이상이 포획되었다. 이러한 대량포획으로 황해에서 대형 수염고래류가 거의 소멸되었다. 황해는 대형 수염고래류가 서식하기에 적합한 수온조건($4{\sim}26^{\circ}C$)과 풍부한 먹이 조건을 갖추고 있어 동계와 춘계에 대형 수염고래류의 출현이 많았던 것으로 추정된다. 동계와 춘계에 참고래가 많이 포획된 것은 이들의 주 먹이인 태평양크릴새우(Euphausia pacifica)가 표, 중층에 많아 이들이 이 시기에 대량 회유한 것에 기인된다. 그러나 수온약층이 강하게 형성되는 여름과 가을에는 태평양크릴새우가 수온약층 아래에 분포하여 포식 조건이 좋은 다른 해역(울산 해역)으로 이동한 것으로 보인다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.207-217
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the seasonal changes in vitamin D levels in a healthy pediatric population living in mid-latitude East Asian urban areas. Methods: A pediatric population was selected from single secondary hospital visitors. Clinical data and serum vitamin D levels were collected retrospectively. Statistical analyses were performed based on the month of the blood sampling date, subject age, and vitamin D supplementation history. The data were categorized into three subgroups based on serum vitamin D levels-adequate (≥30 ng/mL), insufficient (20-29 ng/mL), and deficient (<20 ng/mL). Results: Of the 481 patients, 172 had vitamin D supplementation history. More than 70% of the total study population had inadequate vitamin D levels (<30 ng/mL). The non-supplemented group and the supplemented group showed significantly uneven monthly distribution of the adequate, insufficient, and deficient subgroups. Only the non-supplemented group showed significantly different average vitamin D levels in the summer months compared to the winter months. In the non-supplemented group, vitamin D levels were the lowest in March, the highest in August and September. Significant relevance was noted between vitamin D supplementation status and vitamin D serum level in February and March. There was no significant difference between different age groups in terms of the distribution of vitamin D levels. Conclusion: Currently-widespread vitamin D replacement methods seem to have some effect on increasing the overall serum vitamin D levels, specifically during late winter when natural serum vitamin D levels plunge. However, they are unable to fully compensate the seasonal fluctuation.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.45-57
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• 2022

This study aims to analyze the macramé technique used in costume design based on the cases from 2011 to 2020, when the macramé technique became popular. The research data are the results of analyzing the materials, clothing items, and structural combination of macramé knots by season, year, and collection from 2011 S/S to 2020 F/W, focusing on the four major fashion collections New York, Paris, London, and Milan. Macramé appeared often in the S/S season, and in the 2019 and 2020 S/S seasons, macramé was identified as a keyword for fashion trends based on its frequent usage. Overhand knots were used the most for the types of macramé knots used in costumes, and overhand knots were also used the most in the S/S season and in the New York, Paris, and Milan collections. Rope was the most frequently used material for macramé knots, and it was confirmed that it appeared frequently in 2011 and 2019, and ropes were also used often in the London, Milan, and Paris collections. One-piece appeared the most in the S/S season and F/W season as costume items. In addition, the costumes used as layers in the S/S season appeared most often, and in 2019 and 2020, the layered combination appeared most frequently in London and New York collections. It is judged that macramé appears repeatedly in the S/S season depending on the type of knot and is used as a layered look, making it a decorative element rather than a practical element. This study is expected to help develop modern fashion design by drawing attention to the value of the macramé technique expressed as handcrafted work.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.29-41
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• 2022

With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, global fashion brands have been hosting online fashion shows instead of offline ones. In light of the current pandemic scenario, this research conducted a study on digital fashion shows held online, specifically focusing on two types of shows: fashion films and games. This study examined the characteristics of changes in digital fashion shows as well as their limitations. The case studies analyzed fashion shows from January 2020 to July 2021, with a focus on the 2021 S/S and 2021 F/W seasons, and 26 fashion shows from 23 brands. The results of this study were as follows: First, digital fashion shows transcended physical limitations through virtualization and non-face-to-face communication, breaking free of the limits of space and time in reality. Second, the entertainment role of fashion shows was strengthened. However, online fashion shows had limitations as they lacked a sense of reality and distracted viewers' attention from fashion products. This study has practical implications as it proposes a path for the development of digitalized fashion shows by addressing its current limitations. Overcoming these shortcomings, post-pandemic fashion shows would be more diverse, flexible, and creative. Consequently, following the pandemic period, we look forward to new types of fashion shows using digital imaging technologies.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 시험적 연구를 통해 초속경 복합매트의 물성을 제시하고, 수치해석적 연구를 통해 지반조건, 강우량, 비탈면 기울기, 성토 높이 등에 따른 초속경 복합매트의 비탈면 보호효과를 분석한 연구를 다루었다. 그 결과 모든 조건에서 초속경 복합매트를 적용할 경우 비탈면 안전율은 증가하였으며, 안전율 증가율은 건기 시와 우기 시 모두 평균 40%의 증가율을 보였다. 이러한 연구결과를 통해 초속경 복합매트의 비탈면 보호효과를 입증하였으며, 초속경 복합매트는 비탈면 유실 및 붕괴가 예상되는 구간에 적용하기 적합할 것으로 사료된다.