• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.152-158
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• 2015

The Korean Government said that it issued advance notice of the amendment of medical act article 34 on Oct. 29 of last year. Another issue at the heart of controversy in 2009 was telemedicine between doctors and patients for the purpose of helping those in the dead zone of medicine and supporting medical service industry. It failed, however, to enact legislation due to the strong opposition from medical profession as well as the apprehension about abuse of medical treatment and the rise of medical expenses. To amend and legislate a law, it is needed in advance to examine and analyze the rationality, propriety and feasibility of it. In particular, when it comes to amending a medical act, the validity should be acknowledged only when the right to life and health of the people is protected. Medical act article 34 is in the state of drift because of stiff resistance from medical and civic groups. This study purpose of analyze and to explain the amendment of recent proposition of Medical Act Article 34 and to suggest possible improvement methods.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.41-83
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• 2019

Recently, the establishment of the Special Act on National Research and Development(tentatively named) has been discussed with the aim of providing a legal basis for the comprehensive management of national research and development programs, which have thus far been independently implemented by government ministries. This paper analyzes the legislative process of the Framework Act on Science and Technology(hereafter, the "Framework Act") introduced for a similar purpose in 2001. By examining who had proposed various versions of the legislation prior to the enactment of the Framework Act, and which draft bill was derived ultimately through controversies, this paper will present the following two arguments: First, the obsession with a single regulation that can be applicable to all national research and development programs may lead to unintended consequences, given that the history of national research and development programs, each of which has been implemented by different government ministries, is quite long. Second, the Framework Act has an impact to date while it consistently internalizes the very unique orientations, as the concepts of "national competitiveness" and "national innovation system" postulate, even though it failed to establish an integrated rule. The case of the Framework Act will be a window through which one can glimpse how the present debate on the enactment of the Special Act on National Research and Development shall proceed, and further, reflect on the issues that were overlooked.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2003

The purposes of this study which was conducted by applying three projection formulae to the data from admission quota for paramedic of the Ministry of Education & Human Resources Development the number of ambulances the number of emergency medical centers of the Ministry of Health & Welfare and rate of successful candidates of annual report of the National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board were to find out demand and supply of paramedic from 2002 to 2045 and to expand scope of practice of paramedic in Korea. The conclusions from this study were summarized as follows; (1) The simple formulae derived from the projection formula of the Economic Planning Board were applied under the present Emergency Medical Services Act including qualifying over 3-years experienced EMT-Basic for paramedic examinee, stationing paramedic or EMT-Basic or physician or nurse per ambulance, stationing paramedic or EMT-Basic per emergency medical center and under the amended Emergency Medical Services Act including qualifying only paramedic graduate for paramedic examinee, stationing 4.5 paramedics per ambulance, stationing 10 to 2 paramedics per emergency medical center. (2) It was estimated that on the American basis of 5.6 EMTs per 10,000 in 1996, the number of paramedics under the present act will reach the basis before 2020, the number of paramedics under the amended act will reach the basis about 2040. (3) It was estimated that on the basis of 22,000 paramedics demanded from the number of ambulances, the number of emergency medical centers in 2001, the number of paramedics under the present act will reach the basis before 2015, the number of paramedics under the amended act will reach the basis about 2030. (4) There was relationship between requirements for emergency medical centers scope of practice of paramedic in the act and demand-supply of paramedic, this necessitates surveys, studies, amendment of the act, legalization for expanded scope of practice of paramedic including EMD, instructor, teacher of safety. (5) This study which includes only expanded scope of practice of paramedic and projection for paramedic in the act needs complementary studies such as decision-making process in health manpower policy and so on.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1761-1771
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• 2016

In respect of the existing relation between Sea-going Vessels and Vessels at anchor, Korean Maritime Safety Tribunal has applied 'Ordinary Practice of Seamen' that is regulated by the article No. 2 of COLREG. That is, general navigation rule is not applied between the two vessels, and the action to avoid collision of vessels by utilizing experience knowledge of the seamen. However, the content of the Ordinary Practice of Seamen included in the revised plan in the process of 2011 "Maritime affairs Safety Act" revision was deleted in the screening of the Office of Legislation due to the reason that it could not specified when the content of deed is not concertized. Furthermore, prior application regulation of international treaty included in the existing "Sea Traffic Safety Act"(Article 5) was deleted in the screening of the National Assembly. So, doubt about whether the Ordinary Practice of Seamen could be continuously applied according to the regulation of the international treaty, nevertheless not specified in domestic law, has been continuously raised. In this situation, recently Central Maritime Safety Tribunal changed precedent by applying of Article 96(3) of Maritime Safety Act without applying Ordinary Practice of Seamen in the Case No. 2015-001. Accordingly, this study intended to review propriety of precedent change and legal issue with the decision of Central Maritime Safety Tribunal excluding Ordinary Practice of Seamen for a collision between Sea-going Vessels and Vessels at anchor.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.389-395
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• 2015

According to much research on cognitive science, the impact of the scene-context on human visual search in real-world images could be as important as the saliency. Therefore, this study proposed a method of Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational (ACT-R) modeling of visual search in real-world images, based on saliency and scene-context. The modeling method was developed by using the utility system of ACT-R to describe influences of saliency and scene-context in real-world images. Then, the validation of the model was performed, by comparing the data of the model and eye-tracking data from experiments in simple task in which subjects search some targets in indoor bedroom images. Results show that model data was quite well fit with eye-tracking data. In conclusion, the method of modeling human visual search proposed in this study should be used, in order to provide an accurate model of human performance in visual search tasks in real-world images.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.125-146
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• 2015

The "Child Care and Education Policy(CCEP)" is important because it is responsible for providing 'care and education service' to young children in their 'most sensitive period' of human development. In reality, however, children's rights can only be sanctioned by adults and their rights are recognized at the level of abstraction. This study analyzes the 'Child Edu-care Act(CEA)' first enacted in 1991 from the 'perspective of children's rights', especially in terms of the rights of infants and preschoolers. In order to assess the CEA's "children's rights guarantee level", this study developed a number of standards based on the "UN Convention on the Rights of the Child(CRC)" and other documents. The results revealed that "children's rights guarantee level" was assessed against 4 categories ('Right to Survival and Development', 'Right to Welfare', 'Right to Education', and 'Right to Proper Care'), and the CEA(1991) was found to have a high guarantee level although it was enacted before Korea's ratification of the CRC. The results of this study can serve as a useful reference point for detailing children's rights and suggesting regulation standards for the CCEP.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.7-28
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• 2015

This study aims to identify the work process of records managers under the Freedom of Information Act (FOI). In particular, it attempted to reveal the problems and difficulties that record managers encounter during FOI work. To do this, this study conducted in-depth interviews with 11 records managers who were in charge of records management and FOI work, and the accumulated data were subjectively analyzed. The study discussed the relationship between records management and FOI and emphasized the need for procedural improvements of the act to alleviate psychological pressure on records managers and help them focus more on the records management process itself.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.19-47
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• 2015

International arbitration is an increasingly popular means of alternative dispute resolution for cross-border commercial transactions. The primary advantage of international arbitration over court litigation is enforceability. An international arbitration award is enforceable in most countries in the world. Especially, statistics indicate of ASEAN such as Malaysia and Singapore that the vast majority of defeated companies comply with the terms of international arbitral awards against them or settle soon after the award is rendered. Unlike Malaysia and Singapore, in Indonesia, there are several grounds for refusal of enforcement of an award including where both the nature of the dispute and the agreement to arbitrate do not meet the requirements set out in the Arbitration Law. Because Indonesia does not acknowledge decisions of foreign courts, theoretically they could enforce an international arbitral award which was set aside by the court in the seat of arbitration. This paper introduces the legal system and cases of recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitration awards in ASEAN, especially Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia. Secondly, by comparing their law and cases, the paper emphasized the international suitability and global fitness in involved in recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitration awards.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.164-170
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• 2016

Since most of the existing wastewater treatment options lack the ability to treat micro-contaminants, the increased use of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and release as human waste have become a serious concern in recent years. Constructed wetlands (CWs) are a low-cost technology for wastewater treatment, however, its performance in term of PPCPs removal has not yet been fully investigated. This study aimed to characterize the removal factors and efficiency of acetaminophen (ACT) removal by CWs. The results revealed the decreased concentrations of ACT with increasing hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 0, 3, 5 days. The contribution of removal factors was found to be varied with initial ACT concentration. At the low ACT concentration (i.e. 1 ppb), plant uptake was the dominant, followed by microbial and photolytic removal. In contrast, at the high ACT concentration (i.e. 100 ppb), microbial and photolytic removal were found as dominant factors. On the other hand, hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$) concentration was found at higher level in the plant shoot than in the root probably due to occurrence of the Fenton reaction resulting in PPCPs removal.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.881-888
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• 2015

Financial Authorities have added security controls to the Electronic Financial Transaction Act and the Supervisory Regulation according to the recent frequent personal credit information leakages. Accordingly, the security level has been upgraded. But it is necessary to study more security controls to add. This paper deduces 19 security controls over the mean value to be added to the financial area receiving 15 security consultant's help.