• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2014

The background of this study is to examine the structure of housing price of which characteristics are not equal but hierarchical in the apartment complexes. So, the purpose of this study is to analyze the influences of apartment complex characteristics on the housing price within the same regional boundary by HLM. The data used as dependent variables were the market prices of 938 units from 29 apartment complexes by stratified sampling. The 2nd level independent variables is the Housing complex characteristics which are composed of the housing complex & locational variables and the 1st level independent variables are the unit characteristics. The results are as follows. First, the first model shows that the 2nd level variables explains 68% of the housing prices. Second, the influential variables of the 1st level unit variable are 'dwelling exclusive area', 'floor of dwelling' and 'direction of dwelling'. Third, the influential variables of the housing complex variables in the 2nd level are 'lot area', 'the building-to-land ratio', 'the number of unit', 'the number of parking lots per unit', 'Green space area' and 'open space area per unit'. The last, the influential variables of the housing locational variables in the 2nd level are 'distance to subway and park' and the number of school and park within a radius of 1km.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.383-386
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• 2011

Acrodermatitis enteropathica due to zinc deficiency is characterized by periorificial dermatitis, alopecia, and intractable diarrhea. Here we report a case of transient acrodermatitis enteropathica in a 2-month-old preterm infant, whose skin is erythematous, scaly, eczematous, with an eruption starting from the periorificial area. While her serum zinc level was normal at 118.2 ug/dL, the serum alkaline phosphatase level was low at 48 IU/L and the serum alkaline phosphatase level get increased concordant with clinical improvement after zinc supplementation. Hence, this case shows that the diagnosis of zinc deficiency can be aided with a low level of serum alkaline phoaphatase although serum zinc level is normal.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate leisure activities, leisure life satisfaction, perceived health status and depression in the elderly and to examine the relationships among those variables. Method: The subjects were 204 elderly visiting a senior welfare service center in G city. Data were collected from September 14 to 18 in 2009. All subjects agreed to participate and filled out the survey questionnaire after signing the consent form. Results: 1) The mean score of leisure activities was 2.81; the mean score of leisure life satisfaction was 4.14; the mean score of perceived health status was 8.92; the mean score of depression was 5.13 and 42.2% of the subjects belonged to the depression group. 2) The level of leisure activities was significantly different according to education level, religion, spouse and pocket money. The level of leisure life satisfaction was significantly different according to religion and pocket money. The level of perceived health status was significantly different according to sex, education level and pocket money. The level of depression was significantly different according to spouse and pocket money. 3) Leisure activities showed positive correlation with leisure life satisfaction and perceived health status, but showed negative correlation with depression. Conclusion: These findings showed the need for the health promotion program that increases leisure activities and leisure life satisfaction without economic burden.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.13-23
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• 1982

This Study was designed to investigate Traffic condition, Traffic Noise level, Traffic Noise Index (TNI) and Response for dissatisfactions of residents as part of assesment of Noise by 12 Sites in Seoul from July 1st to the end of August 1981. As the resut of this Study, the following Conclusion were obtained 1. The mean traffic Volume of Seoul was 3076/hour ranging 1440/hour to 5772/hour. 2. The range of Road Traffic Noise Level in Residential area was from 73.0dB (A) to 80.2dB (A). The highest level was 80.2dB (A) on Heugseog-dong and the lowest level was 73.0dB (A) on Suyu-dong. 3. Comparision of Road traffic noise level in the day and evening, the range of traffic noise level in day was from 73.9dB (A) to 80.2dB (A), and evening was ranging 73.0 to 79.9dB (A). 4. The range of TNI in Residential area was from 77.5 to 100.0. The highest TNI was 100.0 on Suyu-dong including Heugseog-dong, the lowest TNI was 77.5 on Hyuikyung-dong. 5. Respose of Noise by 360 householders has been examined in Residential Area: Sourse of Noise Causing bothersome to residents was 52.5% of traffic, the types of road traffic Cousing annoyance to residents residents were 84.8% of passing cars and 81.1% of horns, and 71.7% of reading interfered and 68.1% appeal dissatisfactions due to the sleeping disturbance by road traffic noise.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.7-23
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• 2014

This study estimates unit for the nonpoint source(NPS), classified according to the existing Level-1(large scale) land cover map, by monitoring the measurement results from each Level-2(medium scale) land cover map, and verifies the applicability by comparison with previously calculated units using the Level-1 land cover map. The NPS pollutant loading for a basin is evaluated by applying the NPS pollutant unit to Dongcheon basin using the Level-2 land cover map. In addition, the BASINS/HSPF(Better Assessment Science Integrating point & Non-point Sources/Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran) model is used to evaluate the reliability of the NPS pollutant loading computation by comparing the loading during precipitation in the Dongcheon basin. The NPS pollutant unit for the Level-2 land cover map is computed based on precipitation measured by the Sangju observatory in the Nakdong River basin. Finally, the feasibility of the NPS pollutant loading computation using a BASINS/HSPF model is evaluated by comparing and analyzing the NPS pollutant loading when estimated unit using the Level-2 land cover map and simulated using the BASINS/HSPF models.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.253-266
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• 2011

천관산의 관속식물은 89과 221속 270종 47변종 6품종의 총 323분류군으로 구성되어 있었다. 특기할 식물로는 멸종위기야생식물 II급인 히어리 1종이 분포하였고, 한국특산식물은 6과 6속 5종 1품종 총 6분류군이 생육하며, 구계학적 특정식물은 I등급 29종, II등급 2종, III등급 6종, IV등급 2종, V등급 1종으로 총 40종의 식물이 분포하였다. 귀화율은 3.72%, 도시화지수는 4.14%로 확인되어 비교적 낮은 비율로 나타났다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2015

Purpose: This study attempted to test whether there are differences in the level and hemodynamic side effects (blood pressure, heart rate, $O_2$ saturation), and nausea & vomiting of spinal anesthesia using hyperbaric bupivacaine according to position (supine, lateral, and prone positions) in orthopedic surgery patients who received podiatric surgery under spinal anesthesia. Methods: This study was conducted with 53 patients who had received orthopedic surgery under spinal anesthesia at I General Hospital. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 through repeated-measures ANOVA, post-hoc test, Chi-test, and Fisher's exact test. Results: The change of position after spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine caused a change in the level of spinal anesthesia (F=12.768, p<.001). However, no difference of blood pressure, heart rate, $O_2$ saturation and nausea and vomiting caused by the change in anesthesia level was observed, and in prone position, drug was administered for the correction of side effects. Conclusion: As expected, recognizing that there can be a change in the level of spinal anesthesia after the change of position in surgical patients, nurse anesthetists should monitor their conditions carefully and continuously.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.924-930
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• 2014

This paper presents a $0.13{\mu}m$ CMOS 3-level envelope delta-sigma modulation (EDSM) RF signal generator, which synthesizes a 2.6 GHz-centered fully symmetrical 3-level EDSM signal for high-efficiency power amplifier architectures. It consists of an I-Q phase modulator, a Class B wideband buffer, an up-conversion mixer, a D2S, and a Class AB wideband drive amplifier. To preserve fast phase transition in the 3-state envelope level, the wideband buffer has an RLC load and the driver amplifier uses a second-order BPF as its load to provide enough bandwidth. To achieve an accurate 3-state envelope level in the up-mixer output, the LO bias level is optimized. The I-Q phase modulator adopts a modified quadrature passive mixer topology and mitigates the I-Q crosstalk problem using a 50% duty cycle in LO clocks. The fabricated chip provides an average output power of -1.5 dBm and an error vector magnitude (EVM) of 3.89% for 3GPP LTE 64 QAM input signals with a channel bandwidth of 10/20 MHz, as well as consuming 60 mW for both channels from a 1.2 V/2.5 V supply voltage.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.77-110
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• 2007

This study attempted to investigate how to students show high-level mathematical thinking in math classes. This paper describes how to setup the task for lead to a high - level of thinking out students and what efforts are required while a teacher tried to maintaining students's high-level cognition during the tasks implemented. The researcher as teacher analyzed the tasks of length measurement unit in 2-Ga elementary math textbooks, modified and created math tasks demanded students' high-level cognition, made instruction plans, and implemented those tasks maintaining the levels of cognitive demand of tasks. After that, the researcher reflected and analyzed the levels of cognitive demand of tasks of instruction and factors that cause to change intended high-level cognitive demand. After reflection, second roof of action research was conducted to 2-Na length measurement unit. This paper includes those results and reflections of practitioner.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2002

멀티레벨 인버터 시스템은 낮은 고조파 성분과 높은 전력이 요구되는 분야에 매우 효율적인 시스템이다. 멀티레벨 인버터 시스템의 경우에 스위치 소자의 손실은 기존의 방법으로는 해석 할 수 없다. 그 이유는 각 스위치 소자의 손실이 2-레벨과는 다르게 서로 같지 않기 때문이다. 본 논문에서는 멀티레벨 인버터 시스템에 대한 전도 손실과 스위칭 손실의 간단하고 정확한 방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 방법의 타당함은 3-레벨과 4-레벨 다이오드 클램프드 인버터 시스템에 대해 증명하였다.