• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.438-455
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• 2014

This study aims at providing a set of viable answers regarding the projection and cartographic scale of Daedongyeojido through a GIS-based planimetric accuracy analysis. Both global and local analyses were undertaken in the use of an analytical tool, MapAnalyst. The main results from the global analysis are threefold. First, the overall cartographic scale turned out to be between 1:158,000 and 1:162,000. Second, the rotation angles were between $2^{\circ}$ and $3^{\circ}$, and the equidistant cylindrical projection reported the smallest value. Third, in terms of position accuracy, the conformal cylindrical projection showed a best fit to the map. A local analysis was undertaken for the conformal cylindrical and equidistant azimuthal projections and its main results are threefold. First, the largest distortions in terms of the displacement vectors and distortion grid were found in the northern borderlands. Second, from the isoline maps of scales, it was acknowledged that local scales between 1:170,000 and 1:175,000 were found around the middle part of the Korean peninsula centered on Seoul. As away from the region to the north-south direction, increasingly larger scales were distributed, while the smallest ones were found in the western and eastern edges of the peninsula. Third, from the isoline maps of rotation, it was known that areas west of a northernmost city (Junggangjin) were substantially rotated to the west, while ones east of it to the east. For a more sophisticated analysis, some need to be done to have a larger set of control points, a better way of postulating the map projection, and a more advanced set of techniques for a local analysis.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.89-111
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• 2021

Purpose - The U.S. Trade Preference Expansion Act (TPEA) of 2015 enables the US Department of Commerce (DOC) to inflate dumping margin when the particular market situation (PMS) exists in the exporter's home market. DOC applied PMS provisions to the steel products from Korea. This paper analyzes whether DOC's calculation by using the regression analysis is consistent with WTO rules. Design/methodology - This paper analyzes the PMS application in law and regression analysis that extends the data period from 10 years to 18 years using the same economic model with DOC, and changes the country group according to the quantities of steelmaking capacity. Findings - Results show that DOC's argument conflating the sales-based with cost-based PMS designed to inflate dumping margins might not be consistent with WTO Antidumping Agreement Article 2.2 and 2.2.1.1 in which costs shall normally be calculated on the basis of records kept by the exporter, providing generally accepted accounting principles and reasonably reflection of the costs and PMS that exists in the Korean steel product markets. Even if it will be consistent, DOC's calculated margin by the regression analysis using a 10-year data is a big gap (5 times) compared with an 18-year data projection and different countries' data through the same methodology, which is a huge gap of regression coefficient. It means that dumping margin would be very wide range from 7.8% to 38.54% and unstable to calculate. Inflating dumping margin by DOC using regression analysis would not only be inconsistent with WTO rules, but also projection result is unreliable. Originality/value - Literature papers have mainly analyzed WTO law itself. This paper however, would be the first attempt to analyze the DOC's new way of dumping margin calculation in both manners of law and an empirical methodology perspective at the same time.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.131-139
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• 2022

The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of a landfill project to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) from La Chureca Landfill in Managua, Nicaragua ("Project"). The feasibility study involved surveying the status and composition of waste on its way in to the landfill and projecting GHG emissions from the landfill. A projection of the GHG emissions with the IPCC model based on the survey results indicated the period 2006 to 2043 would see mean yearly GHG emissions of 290,147 ton-CO₂/year with model certainty not considered, and 217,610 ton-CO₂/year with model certainty considered. Thus, the result exceeded the corresponding median and mean values of other CDM projects implemented in Central America, even after model uncertainty was considered together with the conservative estimation of carbon capture efficiency. The similar result was produced even with an analysis of sensitivity to error factors. All the findings of the study are expected to be applicable as basic data for deciding about whether & how to proceed with the Project.

• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.147-169
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• 2012

We introduce a Heaviside-function formulation of the interaction between incompressible two-phase fluid and a non-deformable solid. Fluid and solid interact in two ways : fluid satises the Dirichlet boundary condition imposed by the velocity field of solid, and solid is accelerated by the surface traction exerted by fluid. The two-way couplings are formulated by the Heaviside function to the interface between solid and fluid. The cumbersome treatment of interface is taken care of by the Heaviside function, and the interaction is discretized in a simple manner. The discretization results in a stable and accurate projection method.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.568-576
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• 1999

Using a laser sheet beam projector combined with a CCD-Camera, an efficient technique to recognize complex surface of curvature and lane has been demonstrated for the purpose of mobile robot navigation. In general, obstacles of indoor environments in the field of SLIT-RAY plane are captured as segments of an elliptical arc and a line in the camera image. The robot has been capable of moving along around the obstacle in front of it, by recognizing the original shape of each segment with the differential coefficient by means of least squares method. In this technique, the imaged pixels of each segment, particularly elliptical arc, have been converted into a corresponding circular arc in the real-world coordinates so as to make more feasible the image processing for the position and radius measurement than conventional way based on direct elliptical are analyses. Advantages over direct elliptical cases include 1) higher measurement accuracy and shorter processing time because the circular arc process can reduce the shape-specifying parameters, 2) no complicated factor such as the tilt of elliptical arc axis in the image plane, which produces the capability to find column position and radiua regardless of the camera location . These are essentially required for a mobile robot application. This technique yields an accuracy less than 2cm for a 28.5cm radius column located in the range of 70-250cm distance from the robot. The accuracy obtained in this study is sufficient enough to navigate a cleaning robot which operates in indoor environments.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.25 no.1_2
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• pp.293-304
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• 2007

In this paper, we present a Krylov subspace based projection method for reduced-order modeling of large scale bilinear multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. The reduced-order bilinear system is constructed in such a way that it can match a desired number of moments of multi-variable transfer functions corresponding to the kernels of Volterra series representation of the original system. Numerical examples report the effectiveness of this method.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.16-29
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• 1998

Bell Laboratory introduced the sound and visual system for the first time in 1927. Since then, the development of telecommunication technology made it possible for people located far away to communicate each other watching through the TV screen. Over the period different types of telelecturing systems have prospered in line with the development of telecommunication technology. Therefore, it is quite natural that telelecturing/conferending system attracts the attention of many people as a new way of educating people located in a long distance. In the industrial sector, telelecturing systems already come into wide use to save time and training and travelling expense. In this study, I examine the concept and characteristics of telelecturing/conferencing system and introduce different types telelecturing system developed in parallel with the development of communication technology. Then, I analyze how those merits of the telelecturing system can be applied to educational purpose. Finally, I propose and design ideal telelectuirng/conference facilities consisting of telelecturing rooms, bilateral movie system, seats, ceilings, color, TV screen, lighting, acoustics, humidities and temperature control, security system, projection system to maximize the educational purpose and effectiveness.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.197-206
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• 2009

In a finite element analysis of the metal forming processes having large plastic deformation, largely distorted elements are unstable and hence they influence upon the result toward negative way so that adaptive remeshing is required to avoid a failure in the numerical computation. Therefore automatic mesh generation and regeneration is very important to avoid a numerical failure in a finite element analysis. In case of generating quadrilateral mesh, the automation is more difficult than that of triangular mesh because of its geometric complexity. However its demand is very high due to the precision of analysis. Thus, in this study, an automatic quadrilateral mesh generation and regeneration method using grid-based approach is developed. The developed method contains decision of grid size to generate initial mesh inside a two dimensional domain, classification of boundary angles and inner boundary nodes to improve element qualities in case of concave domains, and boundary projection to construct the final mesh.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.297-304
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• 2018

This study proposes measures and methods to reduce healthcare associated infections by comparing and analyzing the bacterial contamination level before and after putting on personal protective equipment (PPE) on the test equipment and the contact infected patients getting chest PA projections. Among the 50 inpatients who were diagnosed with C. difficile, MRSA, and VRE, 28 patients who were instructed to undergo chest PA projection and follow-up were chosen, The 3 parts that come in contact with the detector, chin, chest, and hands, were designated for all, and the bacterial contamination level before and after disinfection and before and after putting PPE was determined. Statistical analysis was performed using Medcalc version 14, and quantitative analysis was performed using paired student t-test, with statistical significance being noted at p<0.05. Results for the comparison of the mean values before and after disinfection of the detector, chin (3.000), chest (2.000), and hands (3.430), showed that the number of bacteria after disinfection was lower than it was before disinfection. Analyzing for each part before and after disinfection, there were statistically significant differences for the chin, chest, and hands (p<0.01). Results for the comparison of the mean values before and after putting on PPE, chin (2.202), chest (2.140), and hands (4.213), showed that the number of bacteria after putting on PPE was lower than it was before putting on PPE. Analyzing for each part before and after putting on PPE, there were statistically significant differences for the chin, chest, and hands (p<0.03). As a result, it was confirmed that the number of bacteria after putting on PPE was lower than it was before putting it on. In the future, expanding the research scope for contact infected patients will establish standards for quarantine guidelines depending on the way it spreads, and contribute to the prevention of healthcare associated infections.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1155-1163
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• 2012

This paper suggests a method for getting sums of squares due to sources of variation under the assumption of two-way fixed effects model. The method used for calculating the quantities due to fixed-effects is based on the projections of an observation vector y on the column space generated by the model matrix X under the assumed model. The suggested method shows that the calculation of Type II sums of squares by projections is much easier than the classical Type II analysis.