• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.107-110
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• 2000

We investigated the role of recombinant Toxoplasma gondii heat shock protein (rT.g.HSP) 70-full length, rT.g. HSP70-NH2-terminal region, or rT.g. HSP70-carboxy-terminal region in prophylactic immunity in C57BL/6 mice perorally infected with Fukaya cysts of T. gondii. At 3, 4, 5, and 6 weeks after infection, the number of T gondii in the brain tissue of each mouse was measured by quantitative competitive-polymerase chain reaction (QC-PCR) targeting the surface antigen (SAG) 1 gene. Immunization with rT.g.HSP70-full length or rT.g.HSP70-carboxy-terminal region increased the number of T. gondii in the brain tissue after T. gondii infection, whereas immunization with rT.g.HSP70-NHa-terminal region did not. These results suggest that T.g. HSP70-carboxy-terminal region as well as T.g.HSP70-full length may induce deleterious effects on the protective immunity of mice infected with a cyst-forming T. gondii strain, Fukaya.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2010

This paper presents a sensorless speed control of BLDC Motor using terminal voltage of the one phase. Rotor position information is extracted by indirectly sensing the back EMF from only one of the three terminal voltages for a three-phase BLDC motor. Depending on the terminal voltage sensing rotor position, active filter is used for position information. This leads to a significant reduction in the component device of the sensorless circuit. Therefore this is a advantage for the cost saving and size reduction. With indirect sensing methods based on detection of the terminal voltage that require active filtering, the position information needs the six divider section by PLL circuit, the binary counter and johnson counter by the EPLD. Finally, this algorithm can estimate the rotor position information similar to Hall-sensor sticked the three-phase BLDC motor. As a result, the method described that it is not sensitive to filtering delays, allowing the motor to achieve a good performance over a wide speed range. In addition, a simple starting method and a speed estimation approach are also proposed. Experimental and simulation results are included to verify the proposed scheme.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.75-86
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• 2021

This paper intends to evaluate the policies which are considered necessary to enhance the T/S competitiveness of Busan's port, and thereby present suggestions to the government which would best implement the results of this research. This research first raises the claim that the majority of the following four conditions: location of the port, port productivity/service level, status of network with overseas ports, and cost competitiveness, should be satisfied in order to maintain a competitive T/S port. Based on these four conditions, seven policies, which are individually pertinent to the four conditions, have been drawn up for proposal, and they are also analyzed in the survey, where all the eligible samples participate to ensure if they are effective in enhancing the T/S competitiveness of Busan. Proposed important policies are a) Terminal operator integration, b) port infrastructure expansion, c) global carriers owned terminal operation, d) enhancement of national carrier's competitiveness, e) feeder carriers' owned terminal operation in new port, f) institutional support for effective and convenient environments for handling T/S cargo, and g) volume incentive expansion. From the analysis by which all the relevant parties (Carriers, Terminal Operators, Port Authority) are answered, it was found that all the seven policies have relevance in strengthening the transshipment competitiveness of Busan's port. Whereas in the analysis that uses AHP methodology to compare the significance among the different policies, it was found that terminal operator integration has the highest priority in terms of increasing transshipment competitiveness.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.97-108
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the life-sustaining treatment decisions of terminal cancer patients. Methods: Data on 10 terminal cancer patients who decided to withhold or withdraw from treatment were collected using in-depth interviews conducted from February 8 to October 30, 2019. Data were collected until saturation was reached and then analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: In this study, six thematic clusters were identified: "having complicated feelings", "making choices to protect everyone", "accepting and preparing for death", "feeling distress", "pursuing spiritual wellbeing", and "evaluating the new system". Conclusion: When facing death, terminal cancer patients often made choices to protect their family and their dignity with uneasiness of mind when deciding to withdraw from life-sustaining treatments. Though many patients had accepted and prepared for death, they experienced distress about leaving children behind after death. They also pursued spiritual well-being to find peace after deciding to withdraw from life-sustaining treatment. In addition, participants evaluated the new system of policies pertaining to decisions on life-sustaining treatment. Thus, various approaches regarding acceptance and preparation for death, communication with family, hope, and spiritual comfort should be taken in educational interventions to assist terminal cancer patients as they decide whether to withdraw from life-sustaining treatment.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.204-215
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• 2023

The thermolabile haemolysin (tlh) of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (Vptlh) from V. parahaemolyticus is a multiple-function enzyme, initially describes as a haemolytic factor activated by lecithin and phospholipase A2 enzymatic activity (Shinoda, 1991; Vazquez-Morado, 2021; Yanagase et al., 1970). Until now, the tlh structure has hypothesized including N-terminal and C-terminal domain, but what domain of the Vptlh structure does the haemolytic activity has not been refined yet. In this study, a 450-bp VpTLH nucleotide sequence of the entire Vptlh gene encoded the C-terminal domain cloned firstly to examine its responsibility in the activity of the Vptlh. The C-terminal domain fused with a 6-His-tag named the His-tag-VpC-terminal domain was expressed successfully in soluble form in the BL21 (DE3) PlysS cell. Remarkably, both expression and purification results confirmed a high agreement in the molecular weight of the His-tag-VpC-terminal domain was 47 kDa. This work showed the His-tag-VpC-terminal domain lysed the erythrocyte membranes in the blood agar and the phosphate buffered saline (0.9%) media without adding the lecithin substrate of the phospholipase enzyme. Haemolysis occurred at all tested diluted concentrations of His-tag-VpC-terminal domain (p < 0.05), providing evidence for the independent haemolytic activity of the His-tag-VpC-terminal domain. The content of 100 ㎍ of the His-tag-VpC-terminal domain brought the highest haemolytic activity of 80% compared to that in the three remaining contents. Significantly, the His-tag-VpC-terminal domain demonstrated not to involve the phospholipase activity in Luria-Bertani agar supplemented with 1% (vol/vol) egg yolk emulsion. All results proved the vital responsibility of the His-tag-VpC-terminal domain in causing the haemolytic activity without the required activation by the phospholipase enzyme. Raw extracts of Phellinus igniarus and Phellinus pipi at 10^-1 mg/mL inhibited the haemolytic activity of the His-tag-VpC-terminal domain from 67.7% to 87.42%, respectively. Hence applying the His-tag-VpC-terminal domain as a simple biological material to evaluate quickly potential derivatives against the Vptlh in vivo conditions will accessible and more advantageous than using the whole of the Vptlh.

• 건축구조
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2007

• 대한간호
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• 제18권2호통권100호
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• pp.49-53
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• 1979

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.143-152
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• 2017

PURPOSES : This study intends to estimate the tangible benefits derived from the integration of operations of an Express Intercity Bus Terminal and a Highway Service Area. METHODS: For the study, a highway service area was chosen to function as a bus terminal, integrating its services with that of a nearby bus terminal plagued by operating losses. The exercise also helped improve mobility owing to the introduction of local buses between the terminals and utilization of the existing infrastructure such as rest areas. Thus, a terminal that was not being utilized for its intended functionality was integrated with an existing facility to improve the utilization of both and subsequently aid local development. The impact of the exercise was then measured by evaluating the variation in utilization efficiency, operating costs, travel time between two regions (Seoul-Jeomchon and Seoul-Geumsan), and the social costs before and after the integration of the two facilities. RESULTS :The impact of the integration was an increase in utilization efficiency, a decrease in operating cost, a decrease in travel time, and a decrease in social cost in both the regions. The benefits of improved utilization and cost saving can be passed on to the citizens in the form of discounts. A local power generation facility will eventually replace the bus terminal, which can revitalize the local economy. CONCLUSIONS :The integration of the highway service area with the bus terminal is expected to have a win-win effect on the passengers as well as the operators. The study also proposes a sustainable strategic plan for existing terminals and rest areas to implement a method to compete with KTX transportation.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2016

Purpose: Caring for weak person in society, which increases the population of the elderly and people with disabilities is essential. By increasing along with the increase of the use of passenger facilities for travelers and pedestrian is increasing the demand for convenient and secure facilities for everyone. The emerging importance of the passenger-related facilities, but a representative study of the bus terminal facilities is lacking. Bus terminals are the most popular passenger facility. Thus, the bus terminal can be conveniently used by anyone in everyday life, however, the applied elements considering the use of the transportation Poor are not sufficient. Methods: This study was conducted to evaluate BF certification standards targeting bus terminals across the country to determine the availability of the transportation Poor in bus terminal. Result: As a result of the bus Terminal possibility BF certified it appeared to be very low. Also, items received the lowest rating of each item was evaluated in the informative facilities and items. Bus terminal is a facility used by the unspecified individuals, the proportion of first-time user is high, but there is a lack of consideration for the transportation Poor bus terminals. Implications: In the future, this study can guide the next research on the application of BF certification standards in bus terminal. Further studies can be presented to the improvement of the BF certification indicator in bus terminal.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제37C권12호
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• pp.1230-1244
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• 2012

IPTV 서비스의 활성화를 위해 IPTV 단말의 사업자 이동성 확보 방법이 제기되었다. 사업자 이동성이 확보되면 서비스 이용자가 IPTV 단말을 시중에서 직접 구매 후 자신이 서비스를 제공받고자 하는 사업자를 스스로 선택하여 IPTV 서비스를 제공받을 수 있다. 이를 위해, IPTV 단말은 서비스를 제공받기 전 일련의 프로비저닝(provisioning) 과정을 거쳐야 한다. 한국정보통신기술협회(이하 TTA)는 IPTV 단말의 프로비저닝 절차에 관한 표준 기술 규격인 TTAK.KO-08.0026을 제정하였다. 본 논문에서는 이의 개정 문서인 TTAK.KO-08.0026/R2의 내용과 그에 기반하여 구현한 IPTV 단말 프로비저닝 시스템의 구성, 기능, 동작 절차, 파라미터 및 이슈 사항 등에 관해 소개하고, IPTV 단말 프로비저닝 절차의 파급 효과와 표준화의 발전 방향에 대해 논하고자 한다.