• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.255-261
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• 2020

This study was undertaken to evaluate the growth, body shape and carcass cutting yield traits of Duroc (D) and crossbred (Duroc×Pietrain×Pietrain; DPP) pigs. A total of 147 D and 101 DPP pigs were used for analyzing the growth trait, whereas 16 D and 16 DPP pigs were evaluated for carcass yields. Backfat thickness (BF) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were significantly higher in D (14.07±0.24 mm, 2,101 g) than in DPP (12.69±3.25 mm, 1,909 g) (p <0.001). Moreover, D exhibited significantly higher body shape traits including body height (BH), chest depth (CD) and chest width (CW), as compared to DPP pigs (p <0.001). No differences were observed for body length (BL) between the two strains. Analysis of the carcass cutting yield traits determined for D and DPP were in the order: ham (HM; 31.17% and 33.43%), belly (BY; 23.40% and 19.55%), and picnic shoulder (PS; 16.54% and 16.87%), respectively. Then, HM showed a difference of 2.26% P with D(31.17%) and DPP(33.43%), while BY showed a difference of 3.85% P with D(23.40%) and DPP(19.55%). Taken together, our results indicate that DPP has a better feed efficiency than D, and therefore has the potential to increase the production of low-fat pork, targeting consumers having a high preference who have opted for a healthy lifestyle. These results can be used as basic data for developing an ideal pig breed.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.968-973
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• 2013

In the transportation industry, especially in the shipbuilding process, 3D surface measurement of large-scale hull pieces is needed for fabrication and assembly. We suggest an efficient method for checking the shape of curved plates under the forming operation with short time by measuring 3D profiles along the multi lines of the target surface. For accurate profile reconstruction, 2D camera calibration and 3D calibration using gauge blocks were performed. The evaluation test shows that the measurement accuracy is within the boundary of tolerance required in the shipbuilding process.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.29 no.5 s.76
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• pp.511-519
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• 1999

The shape of orthodontic retraction spring was varied and force system of each case was obtained using numerical analysis and verified with spring tester. The factors for obtaining biomechanically efficient spring under anatomic limitation were suggested as follows. 1. M/F ratio increases and L/D rate decreases as loop height increases. 2. M/F ratio increases and L/D rate decreases as incorporating more wire above minimum bending moment area. 3. M/F ratio decreases and L/D rate decrease as incorporating more wire below minimum bending moment area. 4. M/F ratio can not be greater than spring height no matter how much wire is incorporated at the apex of the loop. 5. Additional moment is necessary to obtain enough M/F ratio for translation under anatomical limitation. 6. Additional moment should be incorporated at every pah of the spring because M/F ratio and L/D rate decreases as horizontal spring length increases. 7. Material, cross section, and shape of the spring influence L/D rate, whereas M/F ratio is influenced by the shape of the spring independent from material and cross section.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 2020

Noise affects the accuracy of three-dimensional shape recovery. Its occurrence is unpredictable and depends on several mechanical, environmental, and other factors. When two-dimensional image sequences are obtained for shape from focus (SFF), mechanical vibration occurs in the translational stage, causing an error in the three-dimensional shape recovery. To address this issue, mechanical vibration is modeled using Newton's second law and the principle of the rack and pinion gear. Then, an optimal sampling step size considering the mechanical vibration is suggested through theoretical demonstration. Experiments conducted with real objects verify the effectiveness of the proposed sampling step size. In this paper, in a realistic environment with noise, the potential of obtaining more accurate three-dimensional reconstruction results of the objects is explored by acquiring the optimal sampling step size, which improves the sampling step size relative to those reported in a previous study performed under similar conditions.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2002

Parthenogenetic development, hybrid vigour and cocoon shape variability were studied in bivoltine F1 hybrids of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Considerable breed differences were observed in parthenogenetic ability. Among the parental breeds, CSR18 exhibited maximum parthenogenetic development (79.65%) followed by CSR4 (67.90%). Among bivoltine F1 hybrids, CSR18 ${\times}$ CSR4 showed highest parthenogenetic development (73.32%) followed by CSR2 ${\times}$ CSR4 (55.43%). Study on hybrid vigour demonstrated that CSR18 ${\times}$ CSR19 expressed maximum significant hybrid vigour for all the seven economic characters over Mid Parent Value (MPV) followed by CSR2 ${\times}$ CSR4 and CSR18 ${\times}$ CSR4 exhibiting significant heterosis for six characters. Cocoon shape measurement study revealed that among ten bivoltine F1 hybrids, cocoons of three hybrids were found comparatively uniform. Importance of this study to know the level of paythenogenetic development, hybrid vigour and cocoon shape variability in different bivoltine F1 hybrids have been discussed.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.599-607
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• 2002

During the shape optimization, relocations of nodes happen successively. However, excessive movement of nodes often results in the mesh distortion and eventually deteriorates the accuracy of the optimum solution. To overcome this problem, an efficient method lot the shape optimization has been developed. The method starts from the design domain which is large enough to hold the possible shape of the structure. The design domain has pre-defined uniform fine meshes. In each cycle, the method allots real properties to the elements inside the structure and nearly zero to ones outside. The performance of the method is evaluated through two examples with displacement and frequency constraints.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.675-688
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the body type characteristics of tall adult men aged 20 to 69 years to present base material on body dimensions for men's clothing companies. The research method comprised statistical analysis of 3D measurements after selecting items from the 8th Korean human body size survey related to the torso body types of 495 adult men who were at least 178cm tall. As a result, six factors were extracted, and the total explanatory variable of the entire factor was shown to be 80.499%. As a result of cluster analysis using this as an independent variable, three types were derived: Type 1, "a normal body type with an oval cross-sectional shape" (37.6%), with a larger vertical size and an oval chest cross-sectional shape compared to other types; Type 2: a "cylindrical thick body shape" (31.1%), which is the first stage of BMI obesity, with narrow shoulders and a cylindrical shape with a round cross-section; Type 3, "a body shape with broad shoulders and developed chest parts" (31.3%), with a horizontal size similar to Type 2 above the waist, but similar to Type 1 below. The results of this study are expected to be used as a basis for a clothing dimension system and clothing development for tall men reflecting the characteristics of the torso.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.76-82
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• 2016

A 2-D hydrodynamic model for predicting the movement of debris flow was developed. The developed model was validated against a dam break flow problem conducted in EU CADAM project, and the performance of the model was shown to be satisfactory. In order to suggest structural alternative for hazardous zone vulnerable to debris flow disaster, two types of initial mass distribution and two shapes of defensive structure were considered. It was found that 1) the collapse of debris mass initiated with square pyramid shape induced more damage compared with that of cubic shape; and 2) a defensive structure with semi-circular shape was vulnerable to debris flow disaster in terms of debris control or primary defense compared with that of rectangular-shaped structure.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.149-156
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• 1992

Transformation behavior and reversible shape memory effct of Ti-Ni-Cu alloys with various Cu content has been investigated by means of electrical resistivity measurement, differential scanning calorimetry. X-ray diffraction and strain gage sensor. The transformation sequence in Ti-Ni-Cu alloys substituted by Cu for Ni up to 5at.% occurs to $B2{\leftrightarrow}B19^{\prime}$ and it proceeds in two stages by addition of 10 at.%Cu. i.e. $B2{\leftrightarrow}B19{\leftrightarrow}B19^{\prime}$. But the content of Cu increases up to 20at.%, it has been transformed in one stage ; $B2{\leftrightarrow}B19$. The shape change of Ti-40Ni-10Cu alloy which was constrain aged in circular form bended in $B2{\leftrightarrow}B19$ transformation but it spreaded out in $B19{\leftrightarrow}B19^{\prime}$ transformation. The amount of reversible shape change (${\Delta}{\varepsilon}$) of Ti-47Ni-3Cu alloy constrain aged at $400^{\circ}C$ after solution treatment has a maximum value of about $5.6{\times}10^{-3}$, but that of cold rolled and constrain aged specimens exhibits a little value independent of Cu concentrations.

• Journal of International Society for Simulation Surgery
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.52-57
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• 2015

Virtual Reality makes a virtual environment more realistic and, furthermore, it provides a variety of experiences which we cannot have in reality. A drastic growth of GPU performance and increase of computing capability make virtual environment more realistic than ever. One important element of constructing virtual environment is to animate 3D characters. Many researchers have been studying 3D characters animating and a myriad of methods have been proposed to make them more realistic. In this paper, we discuss the technologies and characteristics of 3D character animation. We believe that realistic characters in Virtual Reality will be applied to various fields: education, film and game industry, business and, particularly, medical area such as telemedicine, virtual surgery, etc.