• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
• /
• 2003.06a
• /
• pp.268-271
• /
• 2003

There are several methods for the design of 2D filter. Notable among them is McClellan transform method. This transform allows us to obtain a high order 2D FIR filter through mapping the 1D frequency points of a 1D prototype FIR filter onto 2D frequency contours. We design 2D filter using this transform. Then we notice for mapping deviation of the 2D filter. In this paper, Quadratic programming (QP) method allows us to obtain coefficients of McClellan transform. Then we compare deviation of QP method with least-squares(LS) method. Elliptic filter is used for comparison. The optimal cutoff frequencies of a 1D filter are obtained directly from the QP method. Also several problem of LS method are solved.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this work is to develop High-Frequency Active Filter and super-miniaturation technology(SMD Type) of Filter which are essential for the key R/F Microwave components in the Mobile telecommunication system. The cut-off frequency of high frequency active filter for multimedia is 2.5 MHz, the gain is 0.5dB at 100 kHz, the passband ripple is 1.2 dB max at 100 kHz~2.0 kHz, GDT is 60 nsec at 100 kHz-2.0 MHz, the attenuation is 40 dB min at 3.75 MHz.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.222-229
• /
• 2006

The treatment performance and operational parameters of a tertiary wastewater treatment process a biological filtration system were investigated. The biological filtration system consisted of a nitrification filter (Fiter 1) and a polishing filter with anoxic and aerobic parts (Filter 2). SS, T-C-BOD, and T-N in effluent were kept stable at less than 3, 5 mg/L, and 5 mgN/L, respectively, under a HRT in Filter (filter-bed) of 0.37~2.3 h. T-N at the outlet of Filter 2 were about 1~5 mgN/L under the condition of LV of 50~202 m/d. In Filter 2, denitrification was accomplished under LV of 50~168 m/d in a 1 m filter-bed. However, the denitrification capacity reached the maximum when the linear velocity was increased to 202 m/d. Relationship between increase in microorganism and headloss was clearer in Filter 2. As a result, the denitrification rate increased from 1.0~2.3 kgN/($m^3-filter-bed{\cdot}d$) as the headloss increased. The COD removal rate was 6.0~9.6 kgCOD/($m^3-filter-bed{\cdot}d$) when operated with Filters 1 and 2. These results mean that captured bacteria contributed a part of COD consumption and denitrification. The maximum nitrification and denitrification rate was 0.5 and 4 kgN/($m^3-filter-bed{\cdot}d$) in Filter 1 and 2.The ratio of backwashing water to the treated water was about 5~10 %. In Filter 1, wasted sludge in backwashing was only 0.7~5.3 gSS/($m^3$-treated water). In Filter 2, added methanol was converted into sludge and its value was 8.0~24 gSS/($m^3$-treated water). These results proved that this process is both convenient to install as tertiary treatment and cost effective to build and operate.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.168-175
• /
• 2013

This paper presents compact dual-band WLAN filter and filter module. They were developed by embedding all of the passive lumped elements into a LTCC substrate. In order to reduce the size/volume of the filter and avoid EM parasitic couplings between the passive elements, the proposed filter was designed using a 3rd order Chebyshev circuit topology and J-inverter transformation technology. The 3rd order Chebyshev bandpass filter was firstly designed for the band-selection of the 802.11b and was then transformed using finite transmission zeros technologies. Finally, the dual-band filter was realized by adding two notch resonators to the 802.11b filter circuit for the band-selection of the 802.11a/g. The maximum insertion losses in the lower and higher passbands were better than 2.0 and 1.3 dB with minimum return losses of 15 and 14 dB, respectively. Furthermore, the filter was integrated with a diplexer to clearly split the signals between 2 and 5 GHz. The maximum insertion and minimum return losses of the fabricated module were 2.2 and 14 dB at 2.4 - 2.5 GHz, and 1.6 and 19 dB at 5.15 - 5.85 GHz, respectively. The overall volume of the fabricated filter was $2.7{\times}2.3{\times}0.59mm^3$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
• /
• 2006.11a
• /
• pp.37-40
• /
• 2006

3DTV는 아나로그 TV 및 HDTV의 차세대 이슈로 부상하였다. 그러나 대부분의 컨텐츠가 2D로 획득되어 저장되어 있으므로 2D 컨텐츠의 3D로의 변화이 필수적이다. MPEG 및 JVT에서 표준화가 진행되고 있으며 이를 위해 국내외 연구소, 학교, 및 업계가 관심을 가지고 참여하고 있다. 2D/3D 변환은 오래전부터 연구되어 왔으나 실제 응용에서는 기대에 못 미치고 있다. 본 논문에서는 FPGA에 기반하고 VHDL로 코딩하여 2D/3D 변환을 위한 Convolution filter를 적용하였다. 좌우 영상을 생성하기 위하여 Convolution filter로 좌우 영상을 왜곡하였다. 필터의 사용으로 사용자의 위치나 취향에 따라서 영상의 왜곡을 달리하여 효과의 변화를 줄 수 있다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.5 no.9
• /
• pp.1632-1652
• /
• 2011

This paper considers the object tracking problem in three dimensional (3-D) space when the azimuth and elevation of the object are available from the passive acoustic sensor. The particle filtering technique can be directly applied to estimate the 3-D object location, but we propose to decompose the 3-D particle filter into the three planes' particle filters, which are individually designed for the 2-D bearings-only tracking problems. 2-D bearing information is derived from the azimuth and elevation of the object to be used for the 2-D particle filter. Two estimates of three planes' particle filters are selected based on the characterization of the acoustic sensor operation in a noisy environment. The Cramer-Rao Lower Bound of the proposed 2-D particle filter-based algorithm is derived and compared against the algorithm that is based on the direct 3-D particle filter.

• Proceedings of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.188-192
• /
• 2003

A multilayer two-stage LC bandpass filter using low-temperature cofired-ceramic (LTCC) is proposed in this paper. The proposed bandpass filter is composed of two ceramic substrates with different dielectric constant instead of single ceramic material from top to bottom layer. The bandpass filter size is $2.0 mm{\times}1.2 mm{\times}0.8 mm$. Positioning of attenuation polefrequency, importance parameter for a performance of filter, is discussed using even-odd mode analysis by tuned capacitance of coupling capacitor and those results is implemented to LTCC filter circuit. Measured filter performances show that the insertion losses are -4.5dB, -4.1dB at 2.45GHz, 2.75GHz and the return losses are -8.5dB, 8.7dB.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
• /
• v.20 no.8
• /
• pp.1157-1165
• /
• 2017

2-D complex Gabor filtering has found numerous applications in the fields of computer vision and image processing. Especially, in some applications, it is often needed to compute 2-D complex Gabor filter bank consisting of the 2-D complex Gabor filtering outputs at multiple orientations and frequencies. Although several approaches for fast 2-D complex Gabor filtering have been proposed, they primarily focus on reducing the runtime of performing the 2-D complex Gabor filtering once at specific orientation and frequency. To obtain the 2-D complex Gabor filter bank output, existing methods are repeatedly applied with respect to multiple orientations and frequencies. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that efficiently computes the 2-D complex Gabor filter bank by reducing the computational redundancy that arises when performing the Gabor filtering at multiple orientations and frequencies. The proposed method first decomposes the Gabor basis kernels to allow a fast convolution with the Gaussian kernel in a separable manner. This enables reducing the runtime of the 2-D complex Gabor filter bank by reusing intermediate results of the 2-D complex Gabor filtering computed at a specific orientation. Experimental results demonstrate that our method runs faster than state-of-the-arts methods for fast 2-D complex Gabor filtering, while maintaining similar filtering quality.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
• /
• v.16 no.7
• /
• pp.593-598
• /
• 2003

In this paper, 3rd overtone mode energy-trapped filter using modified PbTiO$_3$ system ceramics was manufactured to apply for intermediate frequency(IF) SMD type fillet with splitted electrode and gap size. To investigate the effects of splitted electrode and gap size on filter characteristics of 3rd overtone mode energy-trapped filter, ceramic wafers were fabricated by etching splitted rectangular electrode size(b$\times$d) of b=0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1mm, d=0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6mm and gap size(c) c=0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6mm, respectively. And then, SMD type ceramic filter were fabricated with the size of 3.7$\times$3.1$\textrm{mm}^2$. SMD type ceramic filter with the size of b=0.8mm, d=0.4mm and gap(c)=0.4mm, which showed insertion loss of 2.951dB, 3dB bandwidth of 54.7kHz and 20dB stop bandwidth of 129.27kHz, was suitable for IF bandpass filter application.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.169-175
• /
• 2011

This paper presents a double-sharpened decimation filter based on the application of a Kaiser and Hamming sharpening technique for multistandard wireless systems. The proposed double-sharpened decimation filter uses a pre-droop compensator which improves the passband response of a conventional cascaded integrator-comb filter so that it provides an efficient sharpening performance at half-speed with comparison to conventional sharpened filters. In this paper, the passband droop characteristics with compensation provides -1.6 dB for 1.25 MHz, -1.4 dB for 2.5 MHz, -1.3 dB for 5 MHz, and -1.0 dB for 10 MHz bandwidths, respectively. These results demonstrate that the proposed double-sharpened decimation filter is suitable for multistandard wireless applications.