• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 2002년도 proceedings of the second asia international conference on tribology
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• pp.253-254
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• 2002

Based on 3-D surface morphology measurements of C.G. irons, the fractal analyses were made on relationship between dry sliding surface morphology and the fractal dimension. It is revealed that the values of fractal dimensions ($D_f$) of sliding surfaces are in the range between 1-2, which are closely related to the surface morphologies. With the increase in depths of grooves or pits, the $D_f$ values increase. At the same time, the increases in densities of the grooves also cause the $D_f$ values to increase. At last, relationship among $D_f$ and friction coefficient as well as wear rate is discussed.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2007

IBC와KBC 기준의 지반계수는 지반증폭 만이 고려되고 구조물-지반 상호작용 영향이 고려되지 않은 지반계수로 합리적인 구조물의 지진거동을 예측하는데 어떤 한계가 있다. 이 연구에서는 선형과 비선형 지반 위에 세워진 구조물의 탄성지진응답해석을 의사 3-D 해석으로 수행하여 구조물-지반 상호작용 영향이 고려된 지반계수의 상 하 한계값을 평가하였다. 지반의 특성은 지반 A, B, C의 경우에는 선형으로 가정하였고, 지반 D와 E의 경우에는 비선형으로 가정하여 Ramberg-Osgood 모델을 사용하여 전단파속도를 기준으로 전단탄성계수와 감쇠비 계산식을 규정하였다. 지진해석은 중 약진 지진기록 12개를 선정하여 최대 지진가속도를 0.1g와 0.2g로 조정하고, 구조물-지반 체계에 대한 의사 3-D 해석 시에는 30m 지반 하부 암반에서의 지진기록으로 변환하여 사용하였다. 구조물의 탄성 지진응답해석을 통해서 얻은 결과로부터 구조물-지반 상호작용 영향을 고려한 새로운 표준응답스펙트럼과 단주기 영역 및 주기 1초에서의 지반계수 $F_{a}$와 $F_{v}$의 상 하 한계값을 제시하였으며, KBC 기준을 위한 새로운 지반계수도 제안하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.321-329
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• 2014

제5기국민건강영양조사 자료중 40세이상 남성을 대상으로 혈액 중 25(OH)D와 COPD의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 25(OH)D는 사분위로 군을 나누어 적용하였고, 2012년 개정된 진료지침에 따라 $FEV_1/FEV_6$ < 0.73인 경우를 COPD로 판정하였다. 다른 요인을 보정하지 않았을 경우에는 25(OH)D와 COPD 사이에 상관관계가 없었으나 흡연상태, 가계소득, 교육수준, 직업, BMI, 만연령및흡연지수를 보정하였을 때는 25(OH)D와 COPD사이에 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 25(OH)D농도 17~21 ng/mL인 3/4분위군을 기준으로 1/4분위의 경우의 OR 1.643 (95% CI 1.161-2.236), 2/4분위는 OR 1.453 (95% CI 1.045-2.020)으로 유의하게 증가하였다. 결론적으로 40세 이상 남성에서 혈중 25(OH)D 농도는 COPD 유병가능성과 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 즉, 3/4 분위군 [25(OH)D 17 ng/mL 이상 21 ng/mL 미만]을 기준으로 혈중농도가 낮을수록 COPD 유병가능성이 높았다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.63-76
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to design a training program for utilization of 3D special makeup mask program. This study was conducted with a 3D computer graphics software program, for special makeup mask using a variety of creative educational models and case study with comparative analysis. The makeup program applied to the majors and liberal arts classes for program design. Inthis study, the selected major courses included ' stage make up ', make up application', and illustrations and color '. Students were required to take a class targeted to questionnaire completion and analysis. The research method included literature search, and Internet navigation, of experimental research. The research targeted select college students attending a 4-year university located in Dae-jeon, Korea. ETRI's "3D mask special makeup simulation program" was used in support. A survey of the study conducted from September 1, 2013, to August 30, 2014, showed a total of 94 additional statistical analyses. First, grade 3 44.6% was attained by 91.7% of the first year student majoring in liberal arts classes, Second, students' in the 3D special dress up mask program Interestingly, attained high recognition in its mastering, usability, and creativity. Furthermore, the major student satisfaction was higher for the '3D special makeup mask program. Third, students '3D special dress up was one of the biggest advantages of the program', the mask ' that models 3D ' faces. In addition, the student's delicate dress called for critical technology skills. It is thought to be suitable for practical training and improving the efficiency and performance if applied to universities and beauty schools, such as the regular high school curriculum through research.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.136-141
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• 2024

Chang'an (Chinese: 长安三万里), also known as 30,000 Miles from Chang'an, is a 2023 Chinese 3D animated historical drama film directed by Xie Junwei and Zou Jing.This thesis aims to explore the visual expression of traditional culture in the 3D animated film Chang'an as an example to reveal the reasons for the success of this type of film. The study analyses in detail the design of the character models and costumes, as well as the use of the traditional landscape painting technique of 'white space' in the composition of the screen from the visual aspect. Through the analysis of character design and screen composition, the thesis concludes that the success of Chang'an lies in its elaborate visual design and clever use of traditional culture, which makes it a 3D animation film with both artistic and commercial values. Finally, the thesis concludes that the production of a successful 3D animation film needs to combine the visual elements of 3D animation with traditional culture in order to win audience recognition and achieve commercial success.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.62-73
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess new three-dimensional (3D) cephalometric variables, and to evaluate the relationships among skeletal and dentoalveolar variables through 3D cephalometric analysis. Methods: Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were acquired from 38 young adults (18 men and 20 women; $22.6{\pm}3.2$ years) with normal occlusion. Thirty-five landmarks were digitized on the 3D-rendered views. Several measurements were obtained for selected landmarks. Correlations among different variables were calculated by means of Pearson's correlation coefficient values. Results: The body of the mandible had a longer curve length in men ($102.3{\pm}4.4$ mm) than in women ($94.5{\pm}4.7$ mm) (p < 0.001), but there was no significant difference in the maxillary basal curve length. Men had significantly larger facial dimensions, whereas women had a larger gonial angle ($117.0{\pm}4.0$ vs. $113.8{\pm}3.3$; p < 0.001). Strong-to-moderate correlation values were found among the vertical and transverse variables (r = 0.71 to 0.51). Conclusions: The normative values of new 3D cephalometric parameters, including the maxillary and mandibular curve length, were obtained. Strong-to-moderate correlation values were found among several vertical and transverse variables through 3D cephalometric analysis. This method of cephalometric analyses can be useful in diagnosis and treatment planning for patients with dentofacial deformities.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.3382-3388
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• 2011

Reaction of barbituric acid (BA), 1,3-dimethyl barbituric acid (DMBA) and 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) with cyanogen bromide and aldehydes in the presence of L-(+)-tartaric acid afforded a new route for the synthesis of stable heterocyclic 5-aryl-1H,1'H-spiro[furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-6,5'-pyrimidine]2,2',4,4',6'(3H,3'H,5H)-pentaones which is a dimeric form of barbiturate (uracil and thiouracil derivative). In the reaction of 1,3-diethyl thiobarbituric acid (DETBA) the Knoevenagel condensation and then Michael adducts were obtained under the same condition. Structure elucidation is carried out by $^1H$ NMR, $^{13}C$ NMR, FT-IR and Mass analyses. Mechanism of the formation is discussed.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.187-198
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• 2009

In this paper, three power ramp tests performed on high burn-up Re-crystallized Zircaloy2 - UO2 BWR fuel rods (56 to 63 MWd/kgU) within the SCIP project are simulated with METEOR and ALCYONE 3D. Two of the ramp tests are of staircase type up to Linear Heat Rates of 420 and 520 W/cm and with long holding periods. Failure of the 420 W/cm fuel rod was observed after 40 minutes. The third ramp test consisted of a more standard ramp test with a constant power rate of 80 W/cm/min up to 410 W/cm with a short holding time. The tests were first simulated with the METEOR 1D fuel rod code, which gave accurate results in terms of profilometry and fission gas releases. The behaviour of a fuel pellet fragment and of the cladding piece on top of it was then investigated with ALCYONE 3D. The size and the main characteristics of the ridges after base irradiation and power ramp testing were recovered. Finally, the failure criteria validated for PWR conditions and fuel rods with low-to-medium burn-ups were used to analyze the failure probability of the KKL rodlets during ramp testing.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 석션파일의 인발거동을 조사하기 위해 유한차분법 상용 프로그램인 FLAC3D를 이용하여 수치해석을 수행하였다. 석션파일의 인발지지력을 전통적인 지지력 식을 이용하여 구하고, 이 값을 파일의 직경, 길이, 그리고 주변 점토의 비배수 전단강도를 변수로 하는 수치해석을 통한 해석 값과 비교하였다. 총 24개의 수치해석 결과를 바탕으로 석션파일의 인발파괴는 석션파일의 배수조건뿐만 아니라 파일의 제원과 주변 지반의 물성값에 의해 형태가 결정되는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 수치해석 결과로부터 석션파일 내부 주면에 발현되는 전단응력을 구하여 활동파괴와 인장파괴 중 어떤 파괴가 발생할 것인지를 결정하는데 사용하였다. 외부주면의 전단응력과 관계없이 높은 내부 전단응력을 얻은 경우 수치해석 내에서 활동파괴가 발생하는 경우가 많았으며, 이는 전통적인 지지력 공식으로부터 얻은 예측과 잘 맞았다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.3777-3787
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• 2012

Three kinds of 3D isomorphous and isostructural coordination polymers, namely, $\{[Ln_2(PDA)_3(H_2O)_3]{\cdot}0.25H_2O\}_{\infty}$ (Ln = La(1), Sm(2), and Gd(3)) ($PDA^{2-}$ = pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate anion) have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, thermal analyses and single crystal X-ray diffraction. In these MOFs, Ln(III) centers adopt eight-coordinated and nine-coordinated with the $N_1O_7$ and $N_2O_7$ donor sets to construct distorted trianglar dodecahedron geometry and tricapped trigonal prism configurations, respectively. Based on the building block of tetranuclear homometallic $Ln_4C_4O_8$ unit (16-membered ring), 1-3 are connected into highly ordered 2D sheets via O-C-O linkers and further constructed into 3D architectures through hydrogen bonds. Crystallographic parameters suggest that the lanthanide contraction effect exist in these coordination polymers. Luminescent properties of the lanthanide-based MOFs (metal-organic frameworks) have been measured at room temperature, which reveal that they presenting ionselective characters toward certain metals, such as $Mg^{2+}$, $Cd^{2+}$ and $Pb^{2+}$ ions.