• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.39-48
• /
• 2009

목적 : 이 연구는 봉약침의 주요성분인 멜리틴이 NF-${\kappa}$B의 활성억제를 통하여 세포자멸사를 유도하고, 전립선 암세포주인 DU-145 세포의 성장을 억제하는지를 확인하고 멜리틴의 NF-${\kappa}$B 활성억제기전을 살펴보고자 하였다. 방법 : 멜리틴을 처리한 후 DU-145의 성장억제를 관찰하기 위해 WST-1 assay를 시행하였고, 세포자멸 사의 관찰에는 DAPI stairung assay를 통한 세포형태관찰을 시행하였으며, 염증관련유전자 발현 관찰에는 western blot analysis를 시행하였고, 세포자멸사와 연관된 NF-${\kappa}$B의 활성 변화를 관찰하기 위해 EMSA와 luciferase assay를 시행하였으며, DU-145에서 멜리틴과 NF-${\kappa}$B의 상호작용을 관찰하기 위해 transient transfection assay를 시행 시 세포생존율과 NF-${\kappa}$B의 활성 변동을 측정하였다. 결과 : DU-145 세포에 멜리틴을 처리한 후, 전립선암세포의 성장, 세포자멸사의 유발, 염중관련유전자 발현 및 NF-${\kappa}$B의 활성, NF-${\kappa}$B의 p50 치환 후 NF-${\kappa}$B의 활성과 DU-145 세포 증식에 미치는 영향을 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. DU-145 세포에서 멜리틴을 처리한 후 세포자멸사가 유도되어 세포성장이 억제되었다. 2. DU-145 세포에서 멜리틴을 처리한 후 염증관련유전자 발현 및 NF-${\kappa}$B의 활성에 유의한 감소를 나타내었다. 3. DU-145 세포에서 NF-${\kappa}$B의 p50와 IKK들을 치환하여 작용기를 없애고 멜리틴을 처리하였을 경우에도 세포활성 및 NF-${\kappa}$B의 활성의 유의한 감소를 나타내었다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.770-781
• /
• 2022

Korea's aging population is rapidly increasing, but there has been little research into senior-friendly foods. Therefore, this study aimed to provide basic data for the development of senior-friendly Home Meal Replacement(HMR) foods by conducting a survey among elderly and middle-aged persons highly likely to purchase senior-friendly foods in the near future. Study findings showed that the level of HMR purchase was higher among the middle-aged, many subjects preferred products requiring simple cooking, and a higher proportion of subjects purchased them offline. Five HMR selection attributes were identified, and dietary lifestyles were classified into four categories. Through a cluster analysis, 3 groups based on level of involvement were identified: high-level, mid-level, and low-level. Napping^® analysis showed that subjects classified food products into HMR and meal kits, and into products with a clear broth and products with a thicker broth. The study findings are expected to help suggest a differentiating approach in developing senior-friendly HMR foods.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.49-56
• /
• 2022

In this study, numerical simulations for reducing noise between floors in an apartment building was carried out using Active Noise Control (ANC) technology. In order to examine the feasibility of using ANC to reduce noise between floors, accelerometers and microphones for noise collection were installed in the inter-floor noise test facility to measure noise and vibration caused by the impact ball drop test. By using the measured data, Filtered-x Least Mean Square (Fx-LMS) algorithm-based ANC simulations were carried out. In the simulations, after deriving optimal simulation conditions including the adaptive control convergence coefficient, the noise reduction effect was analyzed through numerical simulations using the number of installed accelerometers and speakers as variables. Finally, it was confirmed that the noise between floors could be reduced using ANC technology under limited conditions.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.18 no.2 s.117
• /
• pp.158-165
• /
• 2007

In this paper, the circularly polarized $4{\times}4$ array antenna is proposed for the X-band. A single antenna consists of square patch and unequal cross-aperture coupled feeding. The RHCP(Right Handed Circularly Polarization) is generated by unequal cross-aperture coupled feeding. By reducing space among elements of way antenna from 0.8 ${\lambda}_0$ to 0.45 ${\lambda}_0$, the mounting area of array antenna is miniaturized. The $2{\times}2$ array antenna is designed using sequential rotation feeding network. The good level of gain, axial ratio, and impedance bandwidth are achieved. The $4{\times}4$ array antenna is extended by ${\lambda}/4$ transformer and T-junction power divider. The simulated maximum radiation gain is 15.09 dBi at 10 GHz. The simulated 3 dB Axial Ratio bandwidth is from 9.05 to 10.4 GHz(13.5%). Also the measured impedance bandwidth($VSWR{\leq}2$) of manufactured $4{\times}4$ array antenna is from 8.45 to 11.84 GHz(33.9%). The measured maximum radiation gain is 11.10 dBi at 10 GHz. The measured 3 dB Axial Ratio bandwidth is from 9.42 to 10.47 GHz(10.5%).

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.159-167
• /
• 1997

To cope with the mass-production and supply of plug seedling, the supply of transplanters is necessary. In the study, a transplanting test was carried out to find the optimum working condition in the mechanizd transplantation and to acquire the basic data for the improvement of transplanters by the research and analysis of working capacity of the local manual transplanters. The size of hopper affected transplanting stand and rate. Re-irrigation was required for the transplanted seedlings because they wilt 1 day after the transplanting if soil compaction is incomplete. Consequently, back-forth-left-right compaction method was good for soil covering and compaction. It may be thought to increase the amount of irrigation water at the time of transplanting by double-irrigation mechanism, but it needs to increase the larger water tank which makes the operation uneasy. So, assuming the working model by 1 or 2 operators with the machine size as small as possible, it seemed that eliminating of automatic irrigation method was desirable in view of efficiency. Though semiautomatic transplanter needs some structural improvements, it seemed still suitable for transplanting of plug seedlings such as 45-day red pepper seedlings in 128-hole tray and 25-day Chinese cabbage seedling in 128-hole tray. If traveling speed of the transplanter is limited to less than 14 m/min, with the transplanting depth of 2~3cm and transplanting space of 30cm.

• Korea Science and Art Forum
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.205-217
• /
• 2019

This study began with the focusing the growth of importance of cultural marketing and its successes by applying to branding in a phase in which the cultural production era has arrived after the industrial production era. This study aimed to reveal the effect of cultural marketing, which are used as marketing strategy in the tourism field, on brand attitude and awareness. Therefore, this study tried to investigate the brand equity and attitude in accordance with the cultural marketing factors by survey Chinese tourists visiting Korea. The result and contents of the study are as follows. First, it was confirmed that the research question on the possibility of market segmentation in accordance with cultural marketing factors; the market segments were classified as Cluster 1 general involvement perceived group, Cluster 2 high involvement perceived group, Cluster3 middle involvement perceived group. Second, it revealed significant differences on brand attitude among the segments; Cluster 2 showed high brand attitude and Cluster 3 showed average level on brand attitude. Third, it found a statistically significant differences in the perception of brand equity including perceived quality, brand awareness and brand image of tourism destination. In conclusion, this study was able to identify market segments in accordance with cultural marketing factors of tourism destination and revealed significant differences in the segments by brand attitude and brand equity. This could provide practical implication that various cultural marketing activities to generate positive results on brand equity and brand attitude and cultural marketing strategies is also needed to increase foreign tourists' awareness of these cultural marketing activities.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.721-728
• /
• 2016

97% of water on earth exists in the form of seawater. Therefore, the use of marine resources is one of the most important research issues at present. The use of seawater is expanding in various fields (seawater desalination, cooling water for nuclear power plants, deep seawater utilization, etc.). Seawater intake systems utilizing sand filters in order to take in clean seawater are being actively employed. For the intake pipe used in this system, assuring equal intake flows through the respective holes is very important to improve the efficiency of the intake and filtering process. In this study, we analyzed the efficiency of the dual structure perforated pipe used in the seawater intake system using 3D numerical simulations and the inflow rate according to the gap of the up holes. In the case of decreasing gaps in the up holes toward the pipe end, the variation of the total inflow rate was small in comparison with the other cases. However, the standard deviation of the inflow rate through the up holes was the lowest in this case. Also, stable flow occurred, which can improve the efficiency of the intake process. In the future, a sensitivity analysis of the various conditions should be performed based on the results of this study, in order to determine the factors influencing the efficiency, which can then be utilized to derive optimal designs suitable for specific environments.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.11-27
• /
• 2019

The second venture "boom" diffusion strategy can be confirmed to be focused only on financing investment and finance, including achieving 5 trillion won annually in new venture investments, creating 20 unicorns, activating M&As and creating dynamic recovery markets. Of course, existing studies show that the fund is a very important policy for corporate growth, but various policy support will be needed to effectively scale up. To overcome these limitations, the scale-up support policies already in operation are analyzed by introducing scale-up policies in advanced countries such as the U.S. and Britain. It also aims to analyze domestic scale-up policies to draw up implications for establishing more effective scale-up policies. Academically, we are very lacking in research on scale-up at home and abroad, and we propose suggestions through this comparative study of policy cases to contribute to the promotion of various studies related to the scalability aspects of future research topics related to scale-up.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.14 no.12
• /
• pp.6447-6454
• /
• 2013

Seawater intake systems have significant problems due to seawater pollution, suspended solids, unstable intake and maintenance etc. An underground type seawater intake system was newly developed to overcome the existing weaknesses and was facilitated in Gyukpo port. In this study, to check the performance of the new system, the samples for water quality and the 3-D numerical modeling test were conducted. The five times test included the COD, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, pH, and suspended solid for the intake system. The analyses show that the COD, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, PH showedminor changes before and after. On the other hand, the change in suspended solids was significant and water was purified below 5 mg/l, first level fisheries water, after. The numerical model adopted the RNG $k-{\epsilon}$ algorithm and the CFX model based on the finite volume method. The porosity algorithm was used to reproduce filtered-sand, outer diameter, and thickness. The numerical results showed that the double pipe is advantageous in that it provides a uniform pressure between the inner and outer pipe for the flow to be stable. In addition, the use of multiple intake pipes did not interfere with the discharge reduction of 0.98 at the both intake pipes compared with the central intake pipe.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
• /
• v.117
• /
• pp.35-55
• /
• 2011

This article purports to clarify the doctrinal characteristics of the $Yog{\bar{a}}c{\bar{a}}ra$ school's hermeneutic interpretations of the "theory of the three turns of the Dharma Cakra" in the Saṃdbinirmocana-sūtra through early Indian $Yog{\bar{a}}c{\bar{a}}ra$ treatises such as the $Yog{\bar{a}}c{\bar{a}}rabb{\bar{u}}mi-vy{\bar{a}}kby{\bar{a}}$ and the. $Vy{\bar{a}}khy{\bar{a}}yukti$. It will probe how these interpretations apply co the theory of two truths or that of three natures($trisvabh{\bar{a}}va$) among the main doctrines of the $Yog{\bar{a}}c{\bar{a}}ra$ school. Especially, the peculiar characteristic of the "theory of the three turns of the Dharma Cakra" is such chat the thought of ${\acute{s}}{\bar{u}}nyat{\bar{a}}$ in the lineage of $Praj{\bar{n}}{\bar{a}}p{\bar{a}}ramita-s{\bar{u}}tras$ is regarded as incomplete, as the early school of Madhyamaka represented by $N{\bar{a}}g{\bar{a}}rjuna$ is conceived of as belonging to the second period of turn. Speaking of the further details of the "theory of the three turns of the Dharma Cakra", the $Yog{\bar{a}}c{\bar{a}}ra$ school subdivides the realm of saṃvṛti satya in $N{\bar{a}}g{\bar{a}}rjuna^{\prime}s$ theory of two truths; that is, it divides the saṃvṛti into merely linguistic existence and actual existence, and the thus-created structure of the theory of three natures on the basis of ocher-dependent nature(paratantra-$svabh{\bar{a}}va$) makes it possible to establish the doctrinal system of the thought of ${\acute{s}}{\bar{u}}nyat{\bar{a}}$ that is not subject to "nihilism or ${\acute{s}}{\bar{u}}nyat{\bar{a}}$ attached to evil." In effect, the above hermeneutic interpretation of the "theory of the three turns of the Dharma Cakra" is inherited into the structure of the $abh{\bar{u}}taparikalpa$ in the $Madhy{\bar{a}}nta-vibh{\bar{a}}ga$ so that, as seen in the commentary of Sthiramati, it is ascertained to apply to later doctrines through its secure establishment. To summarize its characteristics succinctly, firstly the $abh{\bar{u}}taparikalpa$ newly established as a saṃvṛti-satya is set up as the other-dependent nature, which is seen to have been set up particularly in order to sublate both the $Sarv{\bar{a}}stiv{\bar{a}}da^{\prime}s$ realist "view of being" and the Madhyamaka's "view of ${\acute{s}}{\bar{u}}nyat{\bar{a}}$" that impairs the ocher-dependent nature as a samvṛti-satya. In other words, according to the five kinds of views suggested in Sthiramati's commentary, the three natures are seen to be presented as the fundamental truth in order to unify all the doctrinal systems available ever since the beginning of Buddhism. Then, the theory of three natures is established principally on the basis of the $abh{\bar{u}}taparikalpa$, while the two truths of the $Yog{\bar{a}}c{\bar{a}}ra$ school are clearly ascertained to have been embedded in the structure of the $abh{\bar{u}}taparikalpa$. In fact, this might be understood to reflect the unique ontological view of reality or truth in the $Yog{\bar{a}}c{\bar{a}}ra$ School.