• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.85-101
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• 2019

Recently, thank to the popularization of light-weight drone through the significant developments in computer technologies as well as the advanced automated procedures in photogrammetry, Unmanned Aircraft Systems have led to a growing interest in industry as a whole. Documentation, maintenance, and restoration projects of large scaled cultural property would required accurate 3D phenomenon modeling and efficient visual inspection methods. The object of this study verify on the accuracies achieved of 3D phenomenon reconstruction as well as on the validity of the preservation, maintenance and restoration of large scaled cultural property by UAS photogrammetry. The test object is cltural heritage(treasure 1324) that is the rock-carved standing Bodhisattva in Soraesan Mountain, Siheung, documented in Goryeo Period(918-1392). This standing Bodhisattva has of particular interests since it's size is largest stone Buddha carved in a rock wall and is wearing a lotus shaped crown that is decorated with arabesque patterns. The positioning accuracy of UAS photogrammetry were compared with non-target total station survey results on the check points after creating 3D phenomenal models in real world coordinates system from photos, and also the quantified informations documented by Culture Heritage Administration were compared with UAS on the bodhisattva image of thin lines. Especially, tests the validity of UAS photogrammetry as a alternative method of visual inspection methods. In particular, we examined the effectiveness of the two techniques as well as the relative fluctuation of rock surface for about 2 years through superposition analysis of 3D points cloud models produced by both UAS image analysis and ground laser scanning techniques. Comparison studies and experimental results prove the accuracy and efficient of UAS photogrammetry in 3D phenomenon modeling, maintenance and restoration for various large-sized Cultural Heritage.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.147-178
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• 2023

While most of countries today are opposing the issuance of private-led cryptocurrency, nevertheless they are actively jumping into the issuance of government-led digital currency such as CBDC. This article aims to find an answer to this dual attitude of countries. To achieve the purpose, this article finds out the characteristics of political power and economic interest that digital currency has and applies it to the international dimension of the Bretton Woods II System. Then come up to the conclusion that the answer can be found in the fact that the current dual attitude of countries is closely related to the crisis of the international monetary order. The Bretton Woods II System, which led the world economy through reckless monetary expansion based on credit currency, exposed its limitations through the 2008 global financial crisis and put countries into difficulties. In this situation, the cryptocurrency, which appeared by raising the issue of the monopoly power of the central authority in issuing currency, had no choice but to act as an opportunity to drive countries further and further into a corner. This article views CBDC as a national response to address these issues. In other words, countries maintain their monetary power by absorbing the challenge of private digital currency at the government level through CBDC, and use this as a stepping stone to reorganize the international monetary order in crisis with the intention to use it as a means to their advantage. That is what this article is trying to argue.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.237-254
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• 2020

Housing vacancies have become a major issue in urban areas, there have been many efforts to address this issue at the national and local levels. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors contributing to housing vacancies in old town Incheon in South Korea. In particular, the research focuses on examining the effects of multiple levels of factors on housing vacancies in a comprehensive way; the three levels of factors were identified with a literature review including housing (Level 1), Neighborhood (Level 2), and Region (Level 3). A multi-level logistic regression model was used to examine the relationship between 13 factors in three spatial levels and housing vacancies. As a result, the factors in all three levels were able to explain housing vacancies including site area and shape, proximity to major roads (Level 1), ratio of houses in designated urban renewal area and slope (Level 2), and ratio of the elderly living alone, land price, changes in land price and ratio of new houses (Level 3). These results show that the combination of the physical inferiority of the housing site and the neighborhood environment and the economic and social vulnerability of the region is likely to increases the number of vacant houses. This study also suggested that a multi-dimensional policy strategy is needed to solve the problem of housing vacancies, and urban policies, such as supplying new housing or urban renewal area designation, should be carefully implemented in a way not to create housing vacancies.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.203-229
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• 2012

This study aims to analyze fundamental dilemmas of welfare-to-work programs, which aim to introduce labor market principles to the welfare system. Through a qualitative case study of a South Korean welfare-to-work program (the self-sufficiency program), this study demonstrates that various institutional problems are an inevitable consequence of such welfare-to-work programs because they have tried to combine two contradictory values and principles of the labor market system and the social welfare system in one policy. The analysis of the collisions between social welfare and market labor in the self-sufficiency program suggests that not only institutional reforms, but also profound debates on the values and principles underlying welfare-to-work programs are necessary to solve the phenomenal conflicts and problems with such programs.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.151-165
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• 2013

This article addresses potential errors in accounting greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions based on the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives' (ICLEI's) International Local Government Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis Protocol (IEAP). The IEAP seems to provide practical guidelines for local governments so that they can measure their GHG emissions. The outcomes are immediately convertible for any national GHG inventory analysis when one is constructed based on the methodology drafted by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Further, it provides a societal foundation at the global level in order for local governments to collectively deal with 'double-counting' and 'allocation' problems. However, ICLEI's IEAP overlooks two major issues: (1) the protocol does not consider carbon dioxide emissions due to burning biological fuel as a type of GHG emission; and (2) it overlooks the possibility of indirect double-counting when producing emission factors at the local level. Thus, the limitations must be fixed so that the local governments can measure their GHG emissions more precisely, while the accurate GHG inventory will ultimately support reducing the local governments' emissions to mitigate anthropogenic climate change.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.122-131
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• 2004

Traditional works on indexing have been suggested for low dimensional data under dynamic environments. But recent database applications require efficient processing of huge sire of high dimensional data under static environments. Thus many indexing strategies suggested especially in partitioning ones do not adapt to these new environments. In our study, we point out these facts and propose a new partitioning strategy, which complies with new applications' requirements and is derived from analysis. As a preliminary step to propose our method, we apply a packing technique on the one hand and exploit observations on the Minkowski-sum cost model on the other, under uniform data distribution. Observations predict that unbalanced partitioning strategy may be more query-efficient than balanced partitioning strategy for high dimensional data. Thus we propose our method, called CSP (Cyclic Spliced Partitioning method). Analysis on this method explicitly suggests metrics on how to partition high dimensional data. By the cost model, simulations, and experiments, we show excellent performance of our method over balanced strategy. By experimental studies on other indices and packing methods, we also show the superiority of our method.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.37-55
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• 2022

This study presents the plans to derive quality items for develop the data quality standard for ensuring the quality of 3D building geospatial data in NDT(National Digital Twin). This paper is organized as follows. The first section briefly examines various factors that impact the quality of 3D geospatial data, and proposes the role and necessity of the data quality standard as a means of addressing the data errors properly and also meeting the minimum requirements of stakeholders. The second section analyzes the relationship between the standards - building data model for NDT and ISO 19157: Geospatial data quality - in order to consider directly relevant standards. Finally, we suggest three plans on developing NDT data quality standard: (1) the scope for evaluating data quality, (2) additional quality elements(geometric integrity, geometric fidelity, positional accuracy and semantic classification accuracy), and (3) NDT data quality items model based on ISO 19157. The plans reveled through the study would contribute to establish a way for the national standard on NDT data quality as well as the other standards associated with NDT over the coming years.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.152-156
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• 2001

Internet shopping mall is growing the new paradigm of a next generation commerce. And, the primary goal of a shopping mall web site is to facilitate economic action. Therefore. it is important in designing the shopping mall to support consumer's behaviors characteristics of a traditional commerce, This paper analyzed and evaluated two shopping mall with regard to consumer's behaviors characteristics. It is used the method of a user's performance and a subjective evaluation. It was shown that the user prefered the shopping mall web site to analogy with the traditional commerce pattern. Also, the database of an anatomic data and the development of a 3D virtual environment are suggested.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.759-768
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• 2005

This paper describes an algorithm that can recognize gestures constructing subspace gesture symbols with hybrid feature information. The previous popular methods based on geometric feature and appearance have resulted in ambiguous output in case of recognizing between similar gesture because they use just the Position information of the hands, feet or bodily shape features. However, our proposed method can classify not only recognition of motion but also similar gestures by the partial feature information presenting which parts of body move and the global feature information including 2-dimensional bodily motion. And this method which is a simple and robust recognition algorithm can be applied in various application such surveillance system and intelligent interface systems.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.96-108
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• 1989

Applying the numerical scheme developed by Semtner (1974), we investigate the circulation system in the Japan Sea in response to the air-sea interaction and the wind. In spite of blocking straits, resulting surface circulation pattern is similar to the schematic surface current chart introduced by Uda(1934) and Naganuma (1972); the northward flow along the Korean coast and the anticlockwise gyre in the northeastern part of the Japan Sea. Also the southward current flows along the Korean coast at depth of 100-200 m as similar to the North Korean Cold Current suggested by Kim and Kim (1983). And the sinking phenomenon of relatively saline water in the northeastern part of the Japan Sea is similar to the formation of the Japan Sea Proper Water.