Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX (지적과 국토정보)

LX Spatial Information Research Institute (한국국토정보공사 공간정보연구원)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Investigating Drivers of Housing Vacancy in Old Town Incheon using Multi-level Analysis

다층모형을 활용한 인천광역시 원도심 빈집 발생의 영향요인 분석

  • Lee, Da-Ye (Urban Research Division, Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements)
  • Received : 2020.10.30
  • Accepted : 2020.11.25
  • Published : 2020.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Housing vacancies have become a major issue in urban areas, there have been many efforts to address this issue at the national and local levels. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors contributing to housing vacancies in old town Incheon in South Korea. In particular, the research focuses on examining the effects of multiple levels of factors on housing vacancies in a comprehensive way; the three levels of factors were identified with a literature review including housing (Level 1), Neighborhood (Level 2), and Region (Level 3). A multi-level logistic regression model was used to examine the relationship between 13 factors in three spatial levels and housing vacancies. As a result, the factors in all three levels were able to explain housing vacancies including site area and shape, proximity to major roads (Level 1), ratio of houses in designated urban renewal area and slope (Level 2), and ratio of the elderly living alone, land price, changes in land price and ratio of new houses (Level 3). These results show that the combination of the physical inferiority of the housing site and the neighborhood environment and the economic and social vulnerability of the region is likely to increases the number of vacant houses. This study also suggested that a multi-dimensional policy strategy is needed to solve the problem of housing vacancies, and urban policies, such as supplying new housing or urban renewal area designation, should be carefully implemented in a way not to create housing vacancies.

빈집문제에 대한 사회적 관심이 높아지면서 국가와 지자체 차원에서 문제를 해소하기 위한 노력을 지속하고 있다. 문제에 대한 적절한 처방을 위해서는 빈집 발생의 원인에 대한 분석이 선행되어야 한다. 본 연구는 인천광역시 원도심을 대상으로 빈집 발생 영향요인을 분석하는 데 목적을 두었다. 특히, 주택, 근린 차원의 미시적 환경과 지역 차원의 거시적 환경의 영향을 종합적으로 살펴보는데 집중하였다. 분석에 앞서 문헌 고찰을 통해 빈집 발생의 다양한 영향요인을 탐색하였으며, 주택(1수준), 근린(2수준), 지역(3수준) 3개의 수준으로 구성된 다층모형(multi-level model)을 구축하고 분석을 수행하였다. 분석 결과 주택 부지의 규모, 형상, 접도 여부가 빈집 발생과 밀접하며, 근린 내 경사도와 정비구역 지정의 영향이 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 독거노인 가구 비율과 공시지가, 지가변화율, 신규 주택 비율 등 지역 수준의 영향도 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 주택 부지와 근린환경의 물리적 열악함, 지역의 경제적·사회적 취약성이 복합적으로 작용하여 빈집 발생 가능성을 높인다는 것을 보여준다. 본 연구에서는 분석 결과를 토대로 빈집문제 해소를 위한 다차원적 대응 전략이 필요하며, 정비구역 지정이나 신규주택 공급 등의 정책 결정으로 인해 빈집이 발생하지 않도록 하여야 한다는 시사점을 제시하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Kang MN, Kim GY, Kim HS, Kim ER, IM ES, Lee KJ, Lee DH, Park HC, Kim DW. 2017. A Study on the Vacant Housing Policy Implications. Korea Research Institute for Human Settlements.
  2. kwon HS, Kim HJ, Kim OY, Park JY, Park JK, Kim CG, Kim HS, Oh SK, Baek HK. 2018. A Study on the Development of the System and Public Role for the Maintenance of Vacant Housing in Urban Area. Land & Housing Institute.
  3. Kim KJ. 2010. Causes and Consequences of Urban Decline in Korean Cities. Journal of the korean urban geographical society. 13(2): 43-58.
  4. Kim SR, Kim DS. 2018. Factors affecting the Occurrence of Rural Vacant Houses. Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX. 48(2): 65-77. https://doi.org/10.22640/LXSIRI.2018.48.2.65
  5. Nam JH. 2014. The reason of vacant houses' generation and the method of management. Journal of Regional Studies. 22(4): 187-215. https://doi.org/10.22921/JRS.2014.22.4.010
  6. Noh MJ, Yoo SJ. 2016. An Study on the Cause of Abandoned Vacant Houses. Korea Real Estate Review. 26(2): 7-21.
  7. Park JI, Oh SK. 2018. Spatial Pattern and Causative Factor Analysis of Vacant Housing in Daegu, South Korea Using Individual-level Building DB. Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association. 34(2): 35-47. https://doi.org/10.22669/KRSA.2018.34.2.035
  8. Sohn C, Nakaya T. 2018. Can Housing Prices Be an Alternative to a Census-based Deprivation Index? An Evaluation Based on Multilevel Modeling. Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX. 48(2): 197-211. https://doi.org/10.22640/lxsiri.2018.48.2.197
  9. Lee DY. 2019. A Study on the Factors Contributing to Emerging Vacant Houses and Countermeasures according to the Neighborhood Characteristics in the Old City Center of Incheon. Journal of the korean urban geographical society. 22(2): 127-142. https://doi.org/10.21189/JKUGS.22.2.10
  10. Lee JH. 2014. Policy Directions for Deteriorated and Empty Houses in Incheon. Incheon Development Institute.
  11. Lee HY, Kwon YS, Lee DK, Jeon EC. 2017. Rediscovery of Vacant Land in the Age of Population Reduction and Climate Change. Moonwoo Press.
  12. Lee HY, Noh SC. 2012. Advanced Statistic Analysis Theory. Bubmun Press.
  13. Lee HY, An EK. 2016. A study on the Methodology of Extracting the Poor Deprived Districts by Using Geospatial Information. Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX. 46(2): 5-25. https://doi.org/10.22640/lxsiri.2016.46.2.5
  14. Lim YK, Lim HS. 2012. Neighborhood Regeneration Policy Proposal on the Revitalization and Reclamation of Vacant Urban Spaces. Architecture & Urban Research Institute.
  15. Jeon YM, Kim SH. 2016. The Causes and Characteristics of Housing Abandonment in an Inner-city Neighborhood: Focused on the Sungui-dong Area, Nam-gu, Incheon. Journal of The Urban Design Insitute of Korea. 17(1): 83-100.
  16. Han SK. 2016. Spatial Characteristics and the Fixation Process of the Vacant・Abandoned Properties in Iksan City [dissertation]. Seoul National University.
  17. Han SK. 2018. A Study on Spatial Cluster and Fixation Process of the Vacant Houses in Iksan. The Korea Spatial Planning Review. 97: 17-39. https://doi.org/10.15793/kspr.2018.97..002
  18. Han SK, Lee HY. 2017. Analysis of Neighborhood Characteristics for the Reuse of Vacant Houses. Journal of the korean urban geographical society. 20(2): 15-27. https://doi.org/10.21189/JKUGS.20.2.2
  19. Accordino J, Johnson GT. 2000. Addressing the vacant and abandoned property problem. Journal of Urban Affairs. 22(3), 301-315. https://doi.org/10.1111/0735-2166.00058
  20. Bassett EM, Schweitzer J, Panken S. 2006. Understanding Housing Abandonment and Owner Decision-making in Flint, Michigan: An Exploratory Analysis, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy.
  21. Hillier AE, Culhane DP, Smith TE, Tomlin CD. 2003. Predicting housing abandonment with the Philadelphia neighborhood information system. Journal of Urban Affairs. 25(1): 91-106. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9906.00007
  22. Mallach A. 2006. Bringing Buildings Back: From Abandoned Properties to Community Assets: A Guidebook for Policymakers and Practitioners. Rutgers University Press.
  23. Greenberg MR, Popper FJ, West BM. 1990. The TOADS: A new American urban epidemic. Urban affairs quarterly. 25(3): 435-454. https://doi.org/10.1177/004208169002500306
  24. Keenan P, Lowe S, Spencer S. 1999. Housing Abandonment in Inner Cities: The Politics of Low Demand for Housing. Housing Studies. 14(5): 703-716. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673039982687
  25. Morckel VC. 2013. Empty neighborhoods: Using constructs to predict the probability of housing abandonment. Housing Policy Debate. 23(3): 469-496. https://doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2013.788051
  26. Park JI. 2019. A Multilevel Model Approach for Assessing the Effects of House and Neighborhood Characteristics on Housing Vacancy: A Case of Daegu, South Korea. Sustainability. 11(9): 2515. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11092515
  27. Scafidi BP, Schill MH, Wachter SM, Culhane DP. 1998. An Economic Analysis of Housing Abandonment. Journal of Housing Economics. 7(4): 287-303. https://doi.org/10.1006/jhec.1998.0235
  28. Schilling JM. 2002. The Revitalization of Vacant Properties. International City/County Management Association.
  29. Sternlieb G, Burchell RW, Hughes JW, James FJ. 1974. Housing abandonment in the urban core. Journal of the American Institute of Planners. 40(5): 321-332. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944367408977488