• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.185-189
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• 2007

Animals must be inspected prior to and after slaughter to make certain they are free of diseases and unacceptable defects. Since meats are potentially hazardous foods, they should not be accept if there are any signs of contamination, temperature abuse, or spoilage. This survey was aimed to monitor the current situation of country-of-origin labels and sanitation for the meat markets in Seoul, Korea. The markets were divided into groups as to 25 territories in Seoul and the size of markets (large size, medium size, and small size). In terms of size distribution, small butcher shops occupied the highest percentage. On the itemized suitability test of unpacked and packed beer in Seoul, most butcher shops showed good evaluation. However, labels indicating the grade, storage and cooking instruction for unpacked beef were not properly posted on the products. The results of monitoring sanitation conditions for butcher shops in Seoul showed relatively low suitability. Especially, there were serious lack of knowledge about wearing the sanitation clothings, caps, and shoes. The problem with food safety is so complicated that producers, consumers, merchandisers, the press, the government and the scholar should try to solve the problems altogether. Also, it is important to educate and provide them with correct understanding and information for food hygiene and safety.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.201-206
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate dietary effects of illite on humoral immune response against Salmonella typhimurium flagella in Hyline Brown laying hens. Total of twenty eight 36-week-old hens were divided into two groups; The first was fed commercial diet as control and the other was fed diet containing 2 % illite. Each group was divided into 2 sub-groups and then performed immunization of Salmonella flagella with different adjuvants which were Freund's adjuvant and croton oil. The rates of egg-production in all groups were normal range but no difference was found between illite-treated and untreated groups. The serum antibody titers of Freund's adjuvant-used subgroup in illite fed groups were significantly increased, especially from 6-to 9-week after $1^{st}$ immunization compared to those of control groups (p<0.05). And the antibody titers of croton oil-used subgroup in illite-fed groups were also significantly increased, especially at 4-, 6- and 7-week (p<0.05). The results demonstrated that the feeding illite stimulated the immune response against S. typhimurium flagella antigen in laying hens and suggest that the supplementation of illite to the poultry diets may support protective effects against bacterial infections such as Salmonellosis.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.247-254
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• 2006

The present study was carried out to determine the effects of feeding levels of barley grain in diets of Hanwoo on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo. Twenty Hanwoo bull calves (initial mean body wt. 99kg) were randomly divided to examine the effects of 5 feeding levels of barley grains(addition levels: 0, 0 and 40% for FII40; 0, 0 and 60% for FII60; 0, 20 and 40% for F2040; and 0, 20 and 60% for F2060 during the growing, early fattening and late fattening periods, respectively) on growth performance and meat quality. Body weight was not affected by the feeding level of barley grains through the whole experimental period, although the body weight of Hanwoo bulls fed FII40 diet at 24 months old of age tended to be lower(591.5kg) than that of other animals(606.2～614.6kg). However, body weight gain in the bulls of the FII60 diet was slightly increased(P<.19). The feeding levels of barley grains did not influence on fasting body weight, carcass weight, carcass rate, lean meat, retailed cut, KPH fat and bone yield. The lean meat yield(89.82%) and fat yield(20.28%) tended to increase in Hanwoo bulls fed the F2060 compared with other treatments. Feeding of the diets of FII40 resulted in the higher marbling scores as 3.75, respectively than other diets.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.503-507
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• 1998

This study was initiated to evaluate genetic relationship among various domestic and exotic pepper accessions using random amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) markers. The results suggested that the optimum conditions for PCR with random primers in Capsicum spp. could be obtained with 3mM of $MgCl_2$, 1.5U of Taq. DNA polymerase, 10ng of template DNA, $200{\mu}M$ of dNTPs, 200nM of random primer, and $42^{\circ}C$ of annealing temperature. Sixteen random primers showing high band intensity and reproducibility were selected from 80 random primers. Primers having 70% GC content were more effective in DNA amplification than primers having 60% GC content. The total 93 DNA bands including 71 polymorphic bands and 22 monomorphic bands were obtained with selected 16 random primers for 31 pepper cultivars and lines. About 4.4 polymorphic bands per primer were produced. Similarity coefficients were calculated by using 71 polymorphic bands and dendrogram based on the similarity coefficient showed clear classification of 31 peppers into three Capsicum species of Capsicum annuum, Capsicum chinense and Capsicum chacoense.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.1606-1610
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• 2004

This study was. conducted to investigate the effects of $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid supplementation on growth. performance, nutrient digestibility and hematological changes in weaned pigs. Seventy five Duroc${\times}$Yorkshire${\times}$ Landrace pigs (7.21$\pm$0.02 kg average BW) were used in a 20 d growth assay. Dietary treatments included 1) NC (negative control; basal diet), 2) PC (positive control; NC diet + 0.1% Apramycin + 0.1% Oxytetracycline), 3) ALA0.l (NC diet+0.l% $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid), 4) ALA0.2 (NC diet+0.2% $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid) and 5) ALA + AB (PC diet+0.2% $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid). In entire experimental period, ADG (Average Daily Gain) was greater in pigs fed ALA + AB diet than in pigs fed NC diet (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in ADG for pigs fed PC, ALA0.l or ALA0.2 diets. Also, ADFI (Average Daily Feed Intake) and G/F (Gain/Feed) were not affected by treatments. For 20 d, fecal digestibilities of DM (Dry Matter) and N (Nitrogen) were higher (p<0.05) for pigs fed ALA + AB diet than for pigs fed NC and ALA0.l diets. Total protein concentration of serum was increased in ALA + AB treatment compared to NC and PC treatments (p<0.05). In iron concentration of serum, pigs fed $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid supplementation diets were greater than for pigs fed NC and PC diets (p<0.05). TIBC (Total Iron Binding Capacity) concentration of serum was increased in ALA + AB treatment compared to NC, PC and ALA0.l treatments (p<0.05). Pigs fed ALA + AB and ALA0.2 diets were higher hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (HCT) concentration of blood than pigs fed NC and PC diets (p<0.05). RBC and WEC concentrations of blood were significantly higher (p<0.05) for the pigs fed ALA0.2 and ALA + AB diets than for pigs fed NC diet. Lymphocyte concentration of blood was increased in $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid supplementation treatment compared to NC treatment (p<0.05). In conclusion, $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid supplementation for weanling pigs had improved growth performance and nutrient digestibilities and had increased total protein, iron, hemoglobin and lymphocyte concentration of blood. Also, feeding for dietary $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid and antibiotic mixture supplementation may have more higher effective growth performance in weanling pigs.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.336-336
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 강우시 경사지 밭에서 발생하는 토양유실량을 저감하기 위하여 지표피복재의 유무와 강우강도를 달리하여 실외인공강우 실험을 통하여 평가하였다. 인공강우 실험은 경사도 28%와 각 시험포는 $5\times30m$의 크기로 strawmat+PAM+sawdust, control(bare), strawmat+PAM, strawmat+PAM+rice husks를 4개 조성하고, 각 시험포는 하단부에 강우유출수를 채취할 수 있는 설비(flume)를 설치하였다. 대조구 실험을 위하여 각 시험포에서 발생하는 직접유출량과 유사량을 비교 분석하였다. 시험포의 토양은 양질사토로 일반 고랭지 밭의 흙과 동일한 성질을 가지고 있는 토양을 사용하였고, 지표 피복처리는 straw mat, saw dust, rice husk 그리고 PAM 등 4개의 재료를 사용하였다. 인공강우 실험은 1차 10월 18일, 2차 10월 24일, 3차 10월 30일, 4차 11월 7일로 총 21일간 각각 약 1주일의 간격을 두고 실시하였으며 인공강우 시험기의 강우강도는 각 31.1 ~ 44.4 mm/hr로 모의하였다. 연구결과 시험포에서 발생한 유출량은 지표피복을 하지 않은 대조구 시험포보다 지표를 피복한 시험포에서 약 15.7 ~ 19%의 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 유사량은 대조구 시험포보다 약 93.1 ~ 99.3% 감소한 것으로 나타났으며, 유출량과 유사량은 straw mat+PAM+sawdust와 straw mat+PAM+rice husk를 적용한 시험포에서 저감효과가 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이와 같이 지표피복처리는 강우가 발생하였을 때 강우타격력의 감소와 유출수의 유속감소 그리고 침투능을 증가하는 역할을 하여 경사지, 농경지 및 공사현장에서 토양 유실을 저감하며, 하천이나 강으로 유입되는 탁수량의 저감에 큰 효과가 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.309-317
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• 2021

In this paper, we present the evaluation results for the conservatism of the response acceleration method (RAM), for seismic response analysis of box-type power cable tunnels. We studied 50 examples, considering the cross sections of 25 power cable tunnels, and two soil conditions for each power cable tunnel. A refined dynamic analysis method considering the soil-structure interaction was further employed to evaluate the conservatism of the RAM. The comparison revelated that the seismic responses computed using the RAM were consistent with those obtained using the refined method, since the averages of response ratio (defined as the ratio of the response by RAM to that of the refined method) approached 1.0, and the standard deviations of the response ratio were less than 5%. Finally, we found that applying a load factor of 1.1 to the response of the RAM allowed for a conservative design for seismic loads.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.120-121
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• 1999

1. 충북대학교 박물관팀이 충북 청원군 옥산면 소로리에서 구석기시대 유적지를 발굴하는 과정에서 13,010BP로 추정되는 상위토탄층에서 고대형 탄화벼가 출토되었고 36,350BP 이전으로 추정되는 하위토탄층에서 유사벼가 출토되었다. 2. 고대형벼는 11개의 단립형과 1개의 장립형이었다. 장립형벼는 영피표면에 융모가 없고 황금색인(Smootn and gold-hull) 세장립이었다. 그 크기는 지금의 세장한 indica 와 비슷하였다. 3. 유사벼는 영표면에 융모가 있고 깍지(莢)모양으로 되어있는 것(유사벼-1)과 영표면에 융모없이 미끈한것(유사벼-2)으로 2종류가 있었다. 이들의 크기는 모두 벼알과 비슷하였다. 4. DNA 분석결과 고대벼는 지금의 재배종 japonica 나 indica 와는 차이를 보였다. 장립종은 시료가 부족하여 분석하지 못하였다. 유사벼-1은 재배종 벼와 약간 유사한점이 보였으나 유사벼-2는 유사점이 없었다. 5. 고대벼에서는 쌍봉돌기(Bi-peak protuberences)가 있었으나 유사벼-1 과 유사벼-2에서는 이것이 없었다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.150-157
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• 2004

To investigate the vegetation structure of mountain ridge from Suryeong to Sosagogae, 10 plots(500$m^2$) set up with random sampling method were surveyed. Three groups, Quercus dentata-Fraxinus rhynchophylla community, Quercus mongolica-Fraxinus rhynchophylla community, Quercus mongolica community, were classified by cluster analysis. Quercus mongolica was found as a major woody plant species in the ridge area from Suryeong to Sosagogae. Quercus dentata and Fraxinus rhynchophylla were occupied partly in lower elevation. Species diversity(H') of investigated groups was ranged from 1.7295∼2.6525 and it was similar to that of the ridge area of the national parks in Baekdudaegan. Rare and endangered species, Rhododendron tschonoskii recorded from the list of the Forest Administration distributed between the rocks on the top of the Sambongsan, the long-term habitat monitoring might be required.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.447-449
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• 2010

Langerhans cell Histiocytosis can present as a single or multiple lesion and can affect one or several organ systems. A 41-year-old woman with a history of multisystemic Langerhans cell Histiocytosis invading lung and thyroid was admitted with left-sided spontaneous pneumothorax. Here we report a case of uncommon pulmonary Langerhans-cell Histiocytosis presenting with spontaneous pneumothorax as a multisystemic Langerhans cell Histiocytosis.