• 한국환경보건학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경보건학회 2003년도 Challenges and Achievements in Environmental Health
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• pp.123-127
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• 2003

This experiment was performed to investigate the characteristics of sonolytic reaction as the basic data for development of the ultrasonic AOP(Advanced Oxidation Process) process from which the refractory organic compounds in aqueous solution which are not readily removed by the existing conventional wastewater treatment processes can be destructed and removed. Trichloroethylene (TCE), benzene, and 2,4-dichlorophenol(DCP) were used as the samples, and their destruction efficiency were measured in terms of experimental parameters of the initial solution concentration, initial solution pH, reaction temperature, acoustic frequencies and intensities. Results showed that the destruction efficiencies of all of the sample materials were above 80% within 120 minutes of sonolytic reaction in all reaction condition. The reaction order of these three compounds was verified as Pseudo first order. From the fore-mentioned results, it can be concluded that the refractory organic compounds could be removed by the ultrasonic irradiation with radicals, such as H$.$and OH$.$causing the high increase of pressure and temperature. Finally, it appears that the new AOP technology using ultrasonic irradiation can be applied to the treatment of refractory substances which are difficult to be decomposed by the conventional methods.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.589-594
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• 1963

Ascorbic acid has a strong power to reduce other materials, so by using this reducing power we can analise many materials quantitatively. Dihydro-ascorbic acid is quantitatively changed into ascorbic acid under a certain condition, if reduced by hydrogen-sulfide. Dihydro-ascorbic acid also has physiolosical effect, but less effect than ascorbic acid. The effect of dihydro-ascorbic acid is regarded as a half of that of ascorbic acid. Among the analytical methods applying this theory the method using 2.6 dichlorophenol indophenol what called the method of Indophenol is used most widely; so does Hydrazine-method. But comparing these two methods the former shows a little higher rate in analytical value. Vegetable are vital sources for vitamin C. According to the report of the commitee of FAO Korean branch the amount of daily per head average intake of vitamin C is about 70mg in raw materials. Since vitamin C is easily affected by heating or oxidation in Cooking the loss is not a little. Consequntly it is regarded that the actual amount of intake will be much less than basic amount. It is therefore very important to find out that how much percent of the loss there will be in case of cooking, in order to dicide the actual amount of in take as proper nutrition for a person. Therefore this paper intended to give some help in setting a standard amount of V.C intake, by measuring the change of the V.C amount using the general cooking method and by measuring amount of V.C contained in the part of vegetable, used in Korea abundantly.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.32-40
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• 1991

느타리버섯을 사용하여, 빛이 버섯의 체내 대사에 영향을 미치는지, 영향을 미친다면 어떤 영역의 빛이 작용하는 지를 연구하였다. 이들 결과를 비교 검토하기 위해 재배 지역이 다른 느타리버섯 중의 mitochondria를 설탕 밀도 단계 기울기 원심분리법에 의하여 설탕 농도 44%층에서 분리 정제하여 실험한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 파장 변화에 따른 mitochondrial ATP synthase의 활성도는 490nm에서 가장 크게 활성화되었다. 2. 최적 파장 490nm에서 빛 조사 시간 변화에 따른 ATP synthase의 활성도는 15초 동안 조사하였을 때 가장 활성화 되었다. 3. 최적 조건에서 ATP synthase는 phenazine methosulfate(PMS)에 의해 224% 활성화 되었으며, 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol(DCPIP)에 의하여 168% 활성화 되었다. 한편, oligomycin에 의해서는 90% 효소 활성이 억제 되었으며, 2,4-dinitrophenol(DNP)에 의해서 75%, 2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide(HQNO)에 의해 15% 효소활성이 억제되었다. 4. 최적 조건에서 ATP synthase는 $Mn^{2+}$에 의해 73%의 효소 활성 억제를 보였고, $Ca^{2+}$에 의해 35%, $Co^{2+}$에 의해 14%의 효소 활성 억제를 보였다. 5. 최적조건에서 ATP synthase는 $CN^{-}$과 $SO_{4}\;^{2-}$에 의하여 각각 80%, 46% 효소활성이 억제되었고, $NO_{3}\;^{-}$과 $CO_{3}\;^{2-}$에 의해서는 28%의 효소 활성 억제를 보였다. 이상과 같은 결과를 통해 버섯의 종류에 관계없이 청색광 영역의 빛에 의해 활성화 된다는 것과 그 광수용체도 유사한 형태일 것이라 예측할 수 있다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.135-151
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• 1982

This investigation was carried out to clarify the changes of pigments and soluble protein, and photosystem II activity in the leaves of barley (${SO}_2$-sensitive) and corn (${SO}_2$-resistant) seedlings induced by the ${SO}_2$ fumigation (10, 50ppm). The pH changes of the leaf extract, the content of sulfite and sulfate, the activities of catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase were compared in the leaves of barley and corn seedlings induced by ${SO}_2$ fumigation. The results are summarized as follows: An appreciable effect of pH change of leaf extract by ${SO}_2$ fumigation was observed in barley leaves (pH 6.10 to 5.18), but only a small change occurred in corn leaves (pH 5.66 to 5.50). The same pattern of pH changes was recorded when the solution of 0.2N HCl was added to leaf extract, providing lower buffering capacity of the barley leaves than corn leaves. After 2 hours of exposure to 10 ppm ${SO}_2$, the contents of ${SO}^{2-}_3$ and ${SO}^{2-}_4$ were increased in barley leaves, while only ${SO}^{2-}_4$ increased in corn leaves. After fumigation with 10ppm ${SO}_2$ for 2 hours, barley leaves showed significant decreases in activities of catalase, to 17% peroxidase, to 58%, and polyphenoloxidase, to 88%. Corn leaves showed increases in activities of peroxidase, to 136%, and polyphenoloxidase, to 128%. Absorption spectra of pigments obtained from ${SO}_2$-fumigated leaves were gradually decreased with the fumigation time increases, but the decrease was more significant in barley leaves. Fumigation with 50ppm ${SO}_2$ for 2 hours induced the greatest decomposition in carotenoid, followed by chlorophyll a and then chlorophyll b in barley leaves. The ratio of chlorophyll a/b was decreased from 4.1 to 3.6 in barley leaves, but in corn leaves it was maintained almost a constant level(4.9-4.8). The rate of decomposition of chlorophyll and carotenoid in corn leaves was very slow than those in the barley leaves. Fumigation with 50 ppm ${SO}_2$ for 2 hous, decreased the protein content of barley leaves to 59%, and that of corn leaves to 89%, and the extent of decrease in protein content was greater than that of pigments in barley and corn leaves. The rate of DCIP9dichlorophenol indophenol) photoreduction in ${SO}_2$-fumigated leaves was decreased to 18 and 67% in barley and corn leaves, respectively. However, DCIP photoreduction was considerably recovered about 32 and 92% with the addition of DPC(diphenylcarbazide) as an exogenous electron donor in barley and corn leaves, respectively.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2001

복합미생물제재를 사용하여 인공폐수에서 염소화 페놀화합물의 생물학적 분해를 조사하기 위하여 다양한 염소화 페놀화합물로 오염된 토양에서 8종의 미생물을 분리하였다. 복합미생물제재의 주된 미생물인 Pseudomonas sp. BM은 Gram-negative, catalase- 그리고 oxidase-positive, rod 형이며 $41^{\circ}C$ 이상에서는 성장하지 않았다. Pseudomonas sp. BM은 단일 탄소원으로서의 PCP(pentachlorophenol) 500mg/l의 농도로 첨가된 최소배지에서 배양 3일 후에 99%의 분해효율을 보였다. 복합미생물제재에 여러 가지 종류의 유기탄소 및 질소원을 첨가한 후 PCP의 분해효율을 관찰하였을 때 큰 차이를 나타내지 못하였다. Pseudomonas sp. BM은 pH 5에서 8까지 넓은 적용범위를 가지고 있으나 pH 7에서 가장 좋은 활성을 나타내었다. 종류가 다른 염소화 페놀을 함유한 인공폐수에서 염소화 페놀화합물의 분해시험은 7일간 배양후 최저 분해효율 73%(2,4-DCP)에서 최대 96%(2-CP)까지 비교적 높은 활성을 보였다. 연속배양 실험에서, 활성 슬러지와 복합미생물제재를 첨가한 것의 PCP 분해효율을 비교해 보았을 때 활성 슬러지만을 첨가한 대조구에 비해 복합미생물제재를 첨가하였을 때는 약 2배의 효과를 나타내었다. 이와 같은 결과는 다양한 염소화 페놀이 함유된 폐수에 복합미생물제재의 적용이 가능함을 나타낸다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.1006-1015
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 항균제로 광범위하게 사용되는 triclosan (TCS)의 광분해시, 광분해 효율을 결정하는 OH 라디칼의 기여도를 조사하였다. TCS의 광분해 반응은 365 nm에서 모든 광세기 조건과 254 nm에서 낮은 광세기 조건들에서, 반응 초기 약 5분에서의 분해양상은 유사일차 속도반응 모델을 따르고 있었다. 또한 TCS의 광분해시 메탄올을 $H_2O$ 대신에 용매로 사용하였을 경우 OH 라디칼의 저해작용에 의하여 TCS 분해속도가 감소되었다. TCS의 광분해 속도는 파장이 감소하고, 광세기가 증가함에 따라 유의한 증가를 보였다. TCS의 광분해시 254 nm에서는 $5.77{\times}10^{-5}$ einstein $L^{-1}min^{-1}$이상의 광세기와, 365 nm에서는 $1.56{\times}10^{-4}$ einstein $L^{-1}min^{-1}$ 보다 낮은 광세기 조건에서 photon의 기여도가 증가함을 보였다. 또한 photon의 기여도가 큰 광세기 조건들에서의 TCS에 의해 이용된 quantum yield는 254 nm보다 365 nm에서 높은 효율을 보였다. TCS의 중간부산물로서는 dibenzodichloro-p-dioxin (DCDD)와 dibenzo-p-dioxin가 365 nm하의 $1.37{\times}10^{-4}$과 $1.56{\times}10^{-4}$ einstein $L^{-1}min^{-1}$의 광세기 조건에서 모두 검출되었다. Dichloro-phenol과 phenol 역시 광반응의 부산물로서 모든 실험에서 발견되었다. 실험 결과를 토대로 TCS의 광분해 메커니즘을 제안하였다.