• 분석과학
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.386-394
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• 2009

폼알데히드는 피혁 제조나 사진 건판, 폭약 등을 만들 때 이용되며, 정수장에서 오존 처리시 생성되는 소독 부산물이기도 하다. 노출시 안구 가려움증, 간지러움, 콧물, 코막힘, 두통 등의 증상이 나타나며 목이 건조해지거나 염증이 유발된다. 폼알데히드는 US. EPA에서 호흡으로 흡입할 경우 발암등급 B1으로 분류하는 발암성 물질이다. 본 연구에서는 폼알데히드의 분석을 위해 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) 유도체를 만든 후, 고체상 카트리지를 사용하여 추출하였고 High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Diode Array Detector (HPLC/DAD) 로 분석하였다. 검출 한계는 $3{\mu}g/L$이고, 72.3~109.1% (상대표준편차 2.9~11.5%)의 회수율을 보였다. 1998년도부터 2007년도까지 4대강 수계를 중심으로 채수하여 분석한 결과, 정수에서 검출 빈도 48.8% (630/1291), $5.15{\sim}101.9{\mu}g/L$의 농도로 검출되었다. 먹는물 음용시 비발암성을 고려한 95 percentile 전국 평균 위험지수는 $4.37{\times}10^{-3}$로, 이는 1 이하였으므로 안전한 수준으로 판단하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.353-357
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• 2004

The purpose of this research is to characterize formaldehyde as trace toxic air pollutant in the underground spaces in Gyungnam province. Air samples of formaldehyde were taken in the three underground spaces for ten months from April 2003 to January 2004. The IAQ(Indoor Air Quality) of underground spaces were controled using central ventilation(supply/exhaust) system. The levels of GM of airborne formaldehyde concentrations in three sampling spaces were well below applicable standards, Korean Ministry of Environment, 0.1 ppm. However, some sample of airborne formaldehyde concentrations in underground spaces 'B' and 'C' were in excess of standard, due to the commercial products in shop, structural material, and the climate having high humidity and temperature. There are statistical differences in levels of formaldehyde by sampling spaces (p=0.086).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권9호
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• pp.2011-2016
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• 2009

To resolve the differentiation problem of acetone and acrolein in the analysis of carbonyls by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), we investigated the optimum analytical conditions for their separation. Carbonyl compounds were collected by 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)-coated cartridges. We examined the influence of three experimental variables: temperature (25, 30, 40, 50 and 60 ${^{\circ}C}$), flow rate (1.0 and 1.2 mL/min), and relative mobile phase composition (among acetonitrile, water and tetrahydrofuran). The experimental results revealed the optimum analytical condition of a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min, temperature of 32 ${^{\circ}C}$ and mobile phase composition of acetonitrile: water: tetrahydrofuran = 34 : 52.8 : 13.2. The analysis of indoor air composition indicated that acrolein and acetone comprised 11% and 42% of all aldehydes, respectively.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.259-266
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• 2006

A dual-channel glass coil sampling technique was used to measure hourly formaldehyde concentration in the ambient air. The dual-channel coil sampling assembly consists of three parts; an all-pyrex 28-turn coil made of 0.2-cm internal diameter glass tubing for gas-liquid contact and scrubbing of soluble gases, an inlet section upstream of the coil for introducing sample air and scrubbing solution, and a widened glass section downstream of the coil for gas-liquid separation. The scrubbing solution used was a dilute aqueous DNPH (dinitrophenylhydrazine) solution. Hourly concentration of formaldehyde was determined at a Gwangju semi-urban site during two intensive studies between September and October using the dual channel glass-coil/DNPH sampling technique and HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) analysis. The mean concentration was 1.7($0.4{\sim}4.7$) and 3.0($0.5{\sim}19.1$) ppbv for the September and October intensives, respectively, which are considerably low, compared to those measured in polluted urban areas around the world including several urban areas of Korea. The diurnal variation showed significant increase of formaldehyde in the daytime suggesting the dominance of formation of formaldehyde due to photochemical oxidation of methane and other hydrocarbons. An increase in the formaldehyde sometimes in the night might be due to an increase in primary source, i.e. traffic emissions. It was also found that rapid increase in formaldehyde levels from 3.0 to 19.1 ppbv in the afternoon on October 20 was due to plumes from burning of agricultural wastes such as rice straw and stubble. It is expected from the measurement data that the constructed dual-channel glass coil sampling system can be utilized for measuring atmospheric concentration of the formaldehyde with high time resolution.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2007

실내 공기질 향상을 목적으로 사용되는, 목탄과 모르타르 또는 천연 페인트가 혼합된 건축재료에 대한 포름알데히드 제거효과를 분석하기 위하여, 포름알데히드를 소정의 농도로 조절한 밀폐 용기에 이들 목탄계 건축자재를 넣고 일정시간 동안의 처리 과정을 거친 후 잔류 포름알데히드를 DNPH (2,4-Dinitrophenyl hydrazine) 카트리지를 통해 수집하고 HPLC 분석을 통해 잔류농도를 측정하여 목탄건축자재에 의한 포름알데히드 제거성능을 조사하였다. 목탄 및 목탄 바이오 모르타르의 포름알데히드 흡착 실험결과, 두 시료군 모두에서 목탄 5, 10, 15%를 함유한 시료의 단위중량 당 포름알데히드 제거량은 목탄을 함유하지 않은 시료에 비해 3배 이상 높았으며 포름알데히드 제거율은 약 80~90% 이상이었다. 수성 목탄 페인트의 포름알데히드 흡착 실험결과 또한 비슷하여, 목탄 15, 20, 25%를 함유한 시료의 단위중량 당 포름알데히드 제거량은 목탄을 함유하지 않은 시료에 비해 3배 가량 높았으며 포름알데히드 제거율은 90% 이상이었다. 포름알데히드는 목탄 제조 과정 중 목재의 리그노셀룰로스 성분의 구조변화로 인해 형성된 탄소 골격인 그라핀(Graphene)층 표면이나 가장자리에 형성된 흡착형 'O' 또는 'OH'관능기와 결합하여 흡착되는 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.44-56
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• 1973

The effect of the temperature and the time of scalding, and the addition of various seasoning on the remaining % of total Vitamin C contained in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) was studied and discussed by means of chemical kinetics. The quantitative measurements of total Vitamin C were made by 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine (DNPH) method with Clinical Electrophotometer (Fisher). The sample spinach contains 39.88mg. % of total vitamin C on the average, and the ratio of oxidized and reduced forms of Vitamin C is 1 : 4.7. When the sample spinach was scalded, the kinetics of the decrease of the remaining total vitamin C. % was observed to follow the first order reactions regardless of the temperatures applied (i,e. 70$^{o}$ , 80$^{o}$ , 90$^{o}$ and 100$^{o}$ ) with half-life range of 2.10 - 1.47 minutes. In the case of the addition of various seasonings, the addition of various seasonings, the kinetics remaining Vitamin C % showed to be the zero order reactions regardless of the kinds of seasonings and storage temperatures. With the addition of seasonings, the stability of Vitamin C was found to be increased in the order table salt+sesame oil+vinegar+soybean sauce, without seasoning, table salt+sesame oil, table salt+sesame oil+soybean sauce.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.222-228
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• 2013

Objectives: The indoor air quality of newly-built (NC) and remodeled (RC) school classrooms was assessed. The primary aim was to show correlations between volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and formaldehyde (HCHO) pollutant levels. Methods: This study investigated the indoor air concentrations of VOCs and HCHO at 26 sites of newly built and 68 sites of remodeled classrooms located in South Gyeongsang Province between 2010 and 2012. VOCs in the indoor air were determined by adsorbent tube (Tenax TA) and automatic thermal desorption coupled with GC-MS analysis. Target analytes were five VOCs: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and styrene. HCHO was collected with a 2,4-DNPH cartridge and analyzed by HPLC. Conclusions: This study estimated that indoor VOCs and HCHO concentrations in the classrooms were mainly affected by interior building materials and classroom equipment. For proper indoor air quality in schools, classroom air should be improved through reduction of hazardous materials by adequate ventilation, selecting environmental friendly materials, etc.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.807-818
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• 2010

The study is about variations in Carbonyl compounds concentration within apartment buildings according to pre-residence and residence. We consecutively investigated indoor air pollutants in 120 households in 6 cities at pre-residence and residence. Carbonyl compounds were collected using the 2,4-DNPH cartridge and were analyzed using HPLC. The carbonyls concentration of indoor air in the new apartments before occupation measured formadlehyde($76.0\;{\mu}g/m^3$), acetone($85.9\;{\mu}g/m^3$), acetaldehyde($13.8\;{\mu}g/m^3$). The carbonyls concentration of indoor air in the new apartments after occupation measured formadlehyde($233.1\;{\mu}g/m^3$), acetone($128.9\;{\mu}g/m^3$), acetaldehyde($29.8\;{\mu}g/m^3$), respectively. As a result, the mean concentration of carbonyl compounds within the pre-occupancy stage was lower than those of residence.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.245-250
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• 2021

The methylglyoxal (MGO) trapping constituents from Malus baccata L. were investigated using incubation of MGO and crude extract under physiological conditions followed by HPLC analysis. The peak areas of MGO trapping compounds decreased, and their chemical structures were identified by HPLC-ESI/MS. Sieboldin was identified as a major active molecule representing MGO-trapping activity of the crude extract. After reaction of sieboldin and MGO, remaining MGO was calculated by microplate assay method using imine (Schiff base) formation of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) and aldehyde group. After 4 h incubation, sieboldin trapped over 43.8% MGO at a concentration of 0.33 mM and showed MGO scavenging activity with an RC₅₀ value of 0.88 mM for the incubation of 30 min under physiological conditions. It was also confirmed that sieboldin inhibited the production of advanced glycation end products (AGE) produced by bovine serum albumins (BSA)/MGO. Additionally, MGO trapping mechanism of sieboldin was more specifically identified by ¹H-, ¹³C-, 2D NMR and, confirm to be attached to the position of C-3' (or 5').

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.616-624
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• 2018

In this study, a previous DNPH (2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine) coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to measure the concentration of formaldehyde in ambient and source environments has been improved. To improve the disadvantage of the previous HPLC method, an appropriate composition ratio of mobile phase (water: acetonitrile (ACN)) was determined and an isocratic analysis was conducted. Furthermore, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation(LOQ), accuracy, and precision were investigated to verify the reliability of the analytical conditions determined. Finally, samples of exhaust gases from five different industrial facilities were applied to HPLC analytial method proposed to determine their formaldehyde concentrations. The appropriate composition ratio of the mobile phase under the isocratic condition was a mixture of water(40%) and ACN(60%). As the volume fraction of the organic solvent ACN increases, retention time of the formaldehyde peak was reduced. Detection time of formaldehyde peak determined using the proposed isocratic method was reduced from 7 minutes(previous HPLC method) to approximately 3 minutes. LOD, LOQ, accuracy, and precision of the formaldehyde determined using standard solutions were 0.787 ppm, 2.507 ppm, 93.1%, and 0.33%, respectively, all of which are within their recommended ranges. Average concentrations of the formaldehyde in five exhaust gases ranged from 0.054 ppm to 1.159 ppm. The lowest concentration (0.054 ppm) was found at samples from waste gas incinerator in a bisphenol-A manufacturing plant. The highest was observed at samples from the absorption process in manufacturing facilities of chemicals including formaldehyde and hexamine. The analytical time of the formaldehyde in ambient air can be shortened by using the isocratic analytical method under appropriate mobile phase conditions.