• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.1169-1174
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• 1999

2-Diazo-1-naphthoquinone-5-sulfonyl chloride(NQD-Cl) was synthesized from sodium 2-diazo-naphthoquinone-5-sulfonate by chlorination. NQD-Cl was esterified with hydroxybenzophenones to give several 1,2-naphthoquinone-(2)-diazide-5-sulfonic acid ester derivatives(NQD-esters). We have compared benzophenone derivatives with methoxy group to benzophenone derivatives with hydroxy group. Solubility of each NQD-ester was studied. Each of NQD-esters was formulated with novolac base resin and PS plates were manufactured. Photosensitivity, bleachability, compatible exposed time and relative sensitivity were determined by UV spectrophotometry, imaged by UV lithographic techniques, and the gray scale method. According to the number of substituted NQD group, it showed that relative sensitivity was different from gray scale method. NQD-esters with methoxy group showed a good solubility and higher sensitivity than commercial PS ones.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.360-366
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• 1975

Selective reduction of carbonyl group with zinc borohydride in the presence of ester functional group was demonstrated with seven representative keto esters. Either hydroxy esters or lactones were obtained in good yields; ethyl 6-hydroxyheptanoate ($83.0{\%}$), ethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-2-cyclohexenecarboxylate ($82.3{\%}$), ethyl p-(${\alpha}$-hydroxyethyl)-phenylacetate ($78.9 {\%}$), 4-phenylbutyrolactone ($70.2{\%}$), and 3-phenylphthalide ($92.4{\%}$) were obtained from the corresponding keto esters.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.21-34
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• 2003

Acid amplifiers derived from a certain class of sulfonates suffer from autocatalytic decomposition in the presence of a strong acid to give corresponding sulfonic acid, which catalyze the composition of the parent sulfonates, leading to the liberation of more of the same sulfonic acids in an exponential manner. In this research we synthesized and evaluated 4-hydroxy-4'-(2-trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonyloxy isopropylidene dicyclohexane (1), 4,4'-di-(2-trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonyloxy isopropylidene dicyclohexane (2), 4-hydroxy-4'-(3-trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonyloxy isopropylidene dicyclohexane (3) and 4,4-di-(3-trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonyloxy isopropylidene dicyclohexane (4) as novel acid amplifiers with electron withdrawing group. These acid amplifiers (1-4) showed reasonable thermal stability for resist processing temeprature and exhibited higher photosensitivity compared to poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) film without acid amplifiers. Application of acid amplifiers to photofunctional materials, including photoresists, are described as a consequence of the combination of the acid amplifiers with photoacid generator.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.225-228
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• 1986

Progesterone immunogen has been synthesized and its melting point, Rf-value, UV and IR spectrum have been measured to develope the essential step in antisera production against low molecular weight substance. Mixed anhydride reaction was used to conjugate $11{\alpha}$-hydroxy-progesterone with succinic anhydride. Melting point of one intermediate compound was $156^{\circ}C$, and Rf-value was 0.41 in benzene : acetone : methanol (5 : 5 : 2). Maximum absorbance was measured at 242nm and ${\varepsilon}$ was $1.641{\times}10^4cm^2/mole$. Loss of hydroxy group was observed at 3450nm, and carbonyl group was appeared at 1160nm, 1250nm and 2960nm. These results indicated that the intermediate compound was progesterone hemisuccinate. Maximum absorbance of progesterone bovine-serum albumin(BSA) conjugate was observed at 250nm. Molar ratio of progesterone to BSA was average 15.4 on UV spectrum.

• BMB Reports
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.83-86
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• 1995

In the course of screening for new aminopeptidase M inhibitors which were expected to be analgesic, immunopotentiating, or anti-metastatic agents, the novel synthetic substance MR-387C[(2S,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenylbutanoyl-L-valyl-L-prolyl-L-leucine] (M.W. 504 daltons) was obtained. It was competitive with the substrate and had an $IC_{50}$ value of $0.04\;{\mu}m/ml$ ($7.9{\times}10^{-8}\;M$) and an inhibition constant ($K_i$) of $3.8{\times}10^{-8}\;M$. This novel MR-387C was compared with various known inhibitors of aminopeptidase M. It inhibited the enzyme more strongly than any other microorganism-originated inhibitor, except probestin.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.1122-1125
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• 1995

Three inherently chiral calix[4]arenes 3-5 were synthesized as racemate starting from the ethylation at 1.3-distal hydroxy groups of calix[4]arene 2 which has two phenyl groups at upper rim in AABB fashion, and then two remaining hydroxy groups were acetylated by treatment with acetyl chloride in the presence of NaH to produce calix[4]arene 4. Treatment of 4 with AlCl3 under Fries rearrangement conditions, only one acetyl group was rearranged to the para-position to afford calix[4]arene 5 with AABC substitution pattern at the upper rim of calix. The structure of chiral calix[4]arenes were confirmed based on NMR and massspectra.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.223-223
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• 1994

FDA가 공인한 항 HIV제로서 사용중인 AZT나 DDI와 같은 화합물은 장기 투여로 심각한 부작용들이 나타나고 있다. 그래서 기존의 activity를 가진 nucleoside류의 sugar 부분에 새로운 base 즉, 5-ethoxymethyl uracil을 축합, 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxy-5-ethoxy-methyl uridine, 2',3'-aideoxy-3'-fluoro-5-ethoxymethyl uridine과 2',3'-dideoxy-5-ethoxymethyl uridine들을 합성, 구조활성 상관관계를 검토하였다. 이들의 합성은 먼저 적절한 group으로 sugar의 -OH group을 보호한후 uracil류와 반응, uridine 유도체를 먼저 합성하였다. 각각의 uridine 유도체들의 5-위치에 ethoxymethyl group을 도입하기 위해 formalin과 반응시킨후 5-hydroxy-methyl group을 도입하고 산촉매 하에 ethanol과 반응, ethyl ether류를 합성하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.109-113
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• 2003

We report herein synthetic results obtained new types of crown ethers containing coumarin group. Crown ethers containing coumarin group 1~3 are hydroxymethyl-15-crown-5-ether linked with 4-hydroxy coumarin-4-acetic acid by esterification reaction. Crown ethers containing coumarin group 1~3 have different cavity in each crown ether rings. The 12-crown-4 ether with coumarin 1 has the smallest cavity size. The 15-crown-5 ether with coumarine 2 has the medium cavity size. The 18-crown-6 ether with coumarin 3 has the largest cavity size. Therefore each crown ether with coumarin group will recognize different ionic radius meta. Because of different hole size in crown ethers, these crown ethers seem to be had different selectivity in luminescent sensors. The crown ethers with coumarine 1~3 synthesized hydroxymethyl-15-crown-5-ether and 4-hydroxy coumarin-4-acetic acid same ratio at one to one. The synthesized crown ethers were characterized respectively by IR, NMR. GC-Mass.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.86-91
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• 2008

Dicamba(3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid) is used to control for pre and post-emergence of annual and perennial broad-leaf weeds. It is very soluble in water and highly mobile, acidic herbicide. So it is easily moved and detected in groundwater. Zerovalent iron(ZVI) has been used for the reductive degradation of certain compounds through amination of nitro-substituted compounds and dechlorination of chloro-substituted compounds. In this study, we investigated the potential of ZVI for the oxidative degradation of dicamba in water. The degradation rate of dicamba by ZVI was more rapidly increased in pH 3.0 than pH 5.0 solution. The degradation percentage of dicamba was increased with increasing amount of ZVI from 0.05% to 1.0%(w/v) and reached above 90% within 3 hours of reaction. As a result of identification by GC-MS after derivatization with diazomethane, we obtained three degradation products of dicamba by ZVI. They were identified 4-hydroxy dicamba or 5-hydroxy dicamba, 4,5-dihydroxy dicamba and 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxyphenol. 4-Hydroxy dicamba or 5-hydroxy dicamba and 4,5-dihydroxy dicamba are hydroxylation products of dicamba. 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxyphenol is hydroxyl group substituted compound instead of carboxyl group in dicamba. We also confirmed the same degradation products of dicamba in the Fenton reaction which is one of oxidation processes using ferric sulfate and hydrogen peroxide. But we could not find out the dechlorinated degradation products of dicamba by ZVI.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.374-378
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• 2015

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of resveratrol supplementation on oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation induced by strenuous exercise in rats. The rats were randomly divided into five groups: a sedentary control group, an exercise control group, and three treatment exercise groups administered increasing doses of resveratrol (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight). Resveratrol was administered by oral gavage once daily for four weeks. At the end of the four-week period, the rats performed a strenuous exercise on the treadmill, and the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured. The results showed that resveratrol supplementation had protective effects against strenuous exercise-induced oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation by lowering the levels of LDH, CK, MDA, 4-HNE, and 8-OHdG in the serum or muscle of rats. These beneficial effects are probably owing to the inherent antioxidant activities of resveratrol.