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Survey of Disease Frequency in Holstein Dairy Cattle and Korean Native Cattle in the Chungbuk Area of Korea (국내 Holstein 젖소와 한우의 질병 발생 양상에 대한 조사 연구 - 충북지역을 중심으로 -)

  • Cho, Hyun-Ju;Park, Myung-Ho;Lim, Young-Chul;Jeong, Sam-Yong;Shin, Jeong-Kyun;Jeong, Seong-Mok;Seo, Kang-Moon
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.185-197
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    • 2003
  • This survey was performed to investigate frequency of clinical disease in Holstein dairy cattle and Korean native cattle in Chungbuk region of Korea. This study was conducted with the veterinary clinical charts recorded by veterinarians in an animal hospital for 387 Holstein herds(14,701$\pm$1,766 head) and 180 Korean native cattle herds(1,440$\pm$786 head) from October 1998 to September 2001. The prevalent disease classes in Holstein dairy cattle were digestive systems(26.84%), reproductive system(22.48%), locomotor system(21.43%) and metabolic disorders(10.08%). The locomotor diseases were increased with 1st year, 16.27%, 2nd year, 20.93% and 3rd year, 27.08%. The dieases of digestive and reproductive system occurred frequently in winter season(30.01%, 26.03% respectively) and the disease frequency of locomotor system were very high in fall(28.44%). The predominant diseases of Holstein dairy cattle were : claw overgrowth(13.58%), indigestion(11.23%), functional infertility(8.77%), metritis(8.28%), foot diseases(7.35%), LDA (6.57%) and ketosis(5.76%). The prevalent disease classes in Korean native cattle were digestive system(43.80%), respiratory system(28.11%) and reproductive system(10.69%). Seasonally, digestive diseases occurred frequently in spring (51.55%), whereas respiratory diseases occurred frequently in winter (39.60%). The predominant diseases in Korean native cattle were calf diarrhea(32.03%), calf pneumonia(21.79%), indigestion(8.26%), dystocia(7.65%) and pneumonia(5.90%).

Vibrational Modes of Pyeongeong (편경의 진동모드 분석)

  • Yoo June-Hee
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.121-128
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    • 2006
  • Korean pyeongyeong, a set of sixteen L-shape chime stones covering one and one third octaves, is a standard instrument in the Korean traditional court music. We analyze the vibrational mode frequencies in a pyeongyeong replica which is played at the National Center for Korean Traditional Performance Arts and pyeongyeong remains which are exhibited at King Sejong Memorial Museum. The modal shapes on the Whangjong, the 1st stone and Cheonghyurjong, the 16th stone mapped by scanning accelerometer, TV holography and STAR system. The nominal frequencies in pyeongyeong replica at the National Center for Korean Traditional Performance Arts increase linearly with the thickness of the stones and the tones are tuned in line with the musical scale of Sambunsonik. The sexagenary cycles on the pyeongyeong remains at King Sejong Memorial. which show the Year of product indirectly, are different each other and the tones are not tuned in scale. The relative frequency ratios of each modes on stones differ more than just-noticeable differences from those on the pyeongyeong replica. Modal shapes are same for the two stones regardless of the thickness.

The Attitude of the Bereaved Family Attending a Bereavement Memorial Service (사별가족모임과 관련된 사별가족 태도 연구)

  • Jung, In-Soon;Shim, Byoung-Yong;Kim, Young-Seon;Lee, Ok-Kyung;Han, Sun-Ae;Shin, Ju-Hyun;Lee, Jong-Ku;Hwang, Su-Hyun;Ok, Jong-Sun;Kim, Hoon-Kyo
    • Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.143-151
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    • 2005
  • Purpose: Bereavement Memorial Service has been held every year by the hospice team at St. Vincent's Hospital for the purpose of supporting the bereaved family who feel grief and mourning. The purpose of this study is to find out the attitude of the bereaved attending at bereavement memorial service (BMS) and to find out the areas needing improvements to set up better memorial service. Methods: Hospice team sent invitation card to 180 families of patients who admitted and passed away at hospice ward Nov., 2003${\sim}$Oct., 2004. Among them 22 families attended the BMS meeting, which was held on 26th Nov., 2004. The researcher collected data from 22 families with 'Questionnaire' survey. Except identifying data and 2 dichotomy questions, we used open-ended questionnaire. 1 researcher conducted a telephone interview survey in 18 families who couldn't attend at BMS meeting. Results: The median age was 56 (range $16{\sim}19$) and there were 37 females and 3 males. They were patient's wife (22), mother (4), husband (5), daughter (4), mother-in-law (1), siblings (1), brothers wife (1). Duration after bereavement, $1{\sim}3$ months (17) was the highest frequency. 36 families agreed 'the dead experienced the death with dignity'. The reason of agreement to the death with dignity was 'the patient died in preparation' (16). 'the patient died in well-being condition spiritually' (9), 'the patient died in comfort physically (7). 4. persons thought the dead died with indignity. The bereaved defined 'the death with dignity' as follows: 'acceptance of death & death in spiritual well-being' (9), 'death in physical comfort condition' (7), 'the death in psycho-social well-being' (3), non-respondents (10). Most families (21) were still in difficulty to overcome bereavement grief. The answer regarding the method to overcome the difficulty was 'with spiritual sublimation' (13), 'with devotion of oneself in daily life' (10), 'with devotion to mourning as it is' (3). With regard to their attitude to invitation, 'having joy and thanks from hospice team' (21), 'grief' (4), 'suffering' (4). Toward the existence of hesitation about attendance at BMS meeting, the result as follows. Nonexistence of hesitation respondent (34), existence respondent (6), the reason for hesitation was various; 'the meeting reminds me of the suffering times', 'the meeting makes me to recall, and it will be likely to cry', and so on. The needs and feelings to memorial service meeting were various; 'it was meaningful time', 'it was good to recall about the dead', 'more meeting annually' and so on. In respect of the most difficulty after bereavement, in attendant family, 'depression' (10) was the highest frequency, whereas, in non-attendant family, the most difficult thing was 'financial problem/role difficulty (6). Conclusion: This study shows the rate of attendance was high in bereaved whose bereavement duration $1{\sim}3$ month. Most of bereaved were still suffering from bereavement grief within 1 year. Although most families didn't hesitate and felt positive mood to invitation, the rate of attendance was low. Comparing with two groups between attendant family and non-attendant, the latter felt more difficulty in 'financial problem/role difficulty, on the other hand, the former felt difficulty in 'depression'. Hereafter, the additional study about the factor relating to these attitude and needs of the bereaved relating to memorial service will be necessary.

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Study on the Efficacy of Acupuncture with Real and Sham Needle on Healthy Subjects: Single-Blind Test using Electrogastrogram (건강인을 대상으로 거짓침과 진짜 침을 이용한 침의 효능에 대한 연구: 위전도를 이용한 단일맹검)

  • Jang, Keuk Young;Kim, Kun Yil;Yu, Jun Sang;Kho, Chan Hee;Lee, Hyun Sook
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.107-112
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    • 2014
  • This study aimed to prove the effects of acupuncture treatment on acupoint Joksamni(ST36) related to gastrointestinal movement. Electrogastrogram (EGG) data were obtained in 11 healthy subjects treated by real or sham needle in single-blinded condition for 40 min, including before, during acupuncture treatment, and after removing needle. According to frequency analysis of EGG, median frequency(MF) was increased by real needle in 4 subjects, MF for another 2 subjects were increased by real and sham needle and no trend shift in MF showed in other 5 subjects. Our result showed that acupuncture treatment on Joksamni has some effects on gastrointestinal movement. In this study we have applied both real acupuncture and sham acupuncture on the same subjects. So its blinding was regarded as good but was effective in about 36%~55%. Two subjects were assumed that they showed placebo effects on both real and sham acupuncture. Therefore it is necessary to perform further study on case-control and a larger number of subjects with functional dyspepsia, in order to confirm our findings.

A Study on The Effect of Hyperoxia on EKG Findings of Rabbits (과다산소조건이 가토의 심전도상에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Soo-Jin;Song, Jae-Cheol;Park, Hung-Bae
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.25 no.1 s.37
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    • pp.34-43
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    • 1992
  • To investigate the effect of hyperoxia on EKG findings and to evaluate the applicability of EKG as noninvasive monitoring index of oxygen toxicity, 38 rabbits were continuously exposed to 6 different conditions-3 hyperbaric oxygenations (HBO-2.5, 3.5 and 5ATA, 100% $O_2$), normobaric oxygenation (NBO,100% $O_2$), hyperbaric aeration (HBA-5ATA, 21% $O_2$) and normobaric aeration (NBA, 21% $O_2$)-for 120 minutes and their EKG and time to dyspnea and convulsion were recorded. Dyspnea and death were observed in exposure conditions of HBO-3.5 and HBO-5 (Positive rate of dyspnea 10%, 100%, death : 10%, 25%, respectively) only, and convulsion in 4 oxygenation groups (NBO;20%, HBO-2.5;20%, HBO-3.5;20%, HBO-5;88%). Abnormal EKG findings included arrhythmia and ST-T changes and the incidences was increasing with doses(partial pressure of oxygen). In addition to EKG change, findings observed during exposure were dyspnea and convulsion in the order of appearance and when non specific ST-T change was accepted as positive(abnormal) finding, the frequency of abnormal EKG was statistically significant(p<0.01), but when it was excluded from positive results, the frequency of EKG change was not significant(p>0.05). These results suggest that the effect of hyperoxia on heart is myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia, that oxygenation more than 3.5ATA causes myocardial damage in 120 minutes exposure, and that EKG is valuable as monitoring index of oxygen toxicity.

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Male Elderly's Sexual Life and It's Satisfaction in Daegu Area (남성노인 성생활 실태 및 만족도 -대구지역을 중심으로-)

  • Kim, Han-Gon
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.18 no.6
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    • pp.314-323
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    • 2018
  • The main purposes of this study are to explore the factors related to the elderly's sexual life continuance and satisfaction in Daegu area. The data were collected from May 1st, 2017 to July 31st in 2018 by face-to-face interviews. 259 cases were used for the final statistical analysis, such as logistic regression analysis and multiple regression analysis. 29% of the respondents continued their sexual life and approximately 55% of them were satisfaction in their sexual life. According to the logistic regression analysis, independent variables such as, age, having wife, and living with wife only have statistically significant relationships with the male elderly's sexual continuance. Frequency of sexual intercourse, number of disease, and the experience of venereal disease have statistically significant relationships with the elderly's sexual life satisfaction.

A Study on the Absorption Performance of a Perforated Panel type of Resonator (다공패널형 공명기의 흡음성능에 관한 연구)

  • Song, Hwayoung;Yang, Yoonsang;Lee, Donghoon
    • Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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    • v.28 no.6
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    • pp.224-231
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    • 2016
  • When aiming to reduce the low frequency noise of a subway guest room through sound absorbing treatment methods inside the wall of a tunnel the resonator is often more effective than a porous sound absorbing material. Therefore, the perforated panel type resonator embedded with a perforated panel is proposed. The perforated panel is installed in the neck, which is then extended into the resonator cavity so that it can ensure useful volume. The absorption performance of the perforated panel type of resonator is obtained by acoustic analysis and experiment. The analytical results are in good agreement with the experimental results. In the case of multiple perforated panel type resonators, as the number of perforated panels increase, the 1st resonance frequency is moved to a low frequency band and sound absorption bandwidth is extended on the whole. In order to obtain excellent absorption performance, the impedance matching between multi-panels should be considered. When the perforated panel in the resonator is combined with a porous material, the absorption performance is highly enhanced in the anti-resonance and high frequency range. In case of the resonator inserted with perforated panels of 2, the 2nd resonance frequency is shifted to a low frequency band in proportion to the distance between perforated panels.

Evaluation of Cut-off Values in Acute Acetaminophen Intoxication Following the Revised Guideline of the United Kingdom (개정된 가이드라인에 따른 아세트아미노펜 급성 중독환자 치료 기준의 검증)

  • Park, Sung Jin;Cha, Kyungman;So, Byung Hak;Kim, Hyung Min;Jeoung, Won Jung
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.68-74
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: In 2012, a revised guideline for acute acetaminophen overdose was proposed in the UK, recommending that the treatment threshold should be lowered to 100 mcg/ml at 4 hours after ingestion without risk stratification of hepatotoxicity. However, the poison centers in some developing countries do not have laboratory resources to provide serum drug levels in time. The primary aim of the study is to evaluate the cut-off value of reported dose per kilogram to determine when N-acetylcysteine treatment is warranted under the revised guideline. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from the toxicology registry of an urban emergency medical center between 1st January 2010 and 30th June 2017. Inclusion criteria were single acute overdose of more than 75 mg/kg in 15 hours from ingestion and over 14 years of age. Subgroups were created by 25 mg/kg increments of reported dose, then sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated for the cut-off values of 100 mg/kg, 125 mg/kg, 150 mg/kg and 175 mg/kg for toxic serum level over '100-treatment line'. Results: A total of 99 patients were enrolled in the study; 24 patients showed toxic serum levels (24.2%). Zero of 17 patients with an ingestion dose under 100 mg/kg showed toxic level (0%), and 0 of 15 under 125 mg/kg (0%), 2 of 14 under 150 mg/kg (14.3%), and 4 of 12 under 175 mg/kg (33.3%) had toxic levels. The higher the ingested dose per kilogram of weight, the higher the frequency of the toxic serum concentration on the first test (${\chi}^2$ test for trend, ${\chi}^2=22.66$, p-value<0.001) and the sensitivity of each value was 100%, 100%, 92% and 76%. Conclusion: In acute single acetaminophen intoxication, the ingestion dose of 100 mg/kg of weight will be useful in determining the need for the N-acetylcysteine antidote in the indigent laboratory environment.

The Effects of the Organizational Socialization Education Program on Job Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intention of New Nurses (조직사회화 교육 프로그램이 신규 간호사의 직무만족, 조직몰입, 이직의도에 미치는 효과)

  • Choi, Gum-Hee
    • The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.89-102
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    • 2014
  • This study was aimed to investigate the effects of Organizational Socialization Education Program on new nurse's job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention. This study was utilized a non equvalent control group post only design. The subjects of this study were total 76 nurses in total. Data were collected from 1st to 31th July, 2012. For the experimental group, 16 hours lectures on Organizational Socialization Education Program was given. Data were analyzed by Frequency, $X^2$, Fisher's Exact test & t-test. The findings of this study were as the followings: As proposed in the hypothesis, the subjects in the experimental group experienced more job satisfaction(t= -2.10, p=.039), more organization commitment(t= -2.68, p=.009), less perceived turnover intention(t= 4.65, p=.000), than those in the control group. The results of this study shows that Organizational Socialization Education Program is considered an effective program to improve job satisfaction, organizational commitment and to lessen turnover intention for new nurses. The Organizational Socialization Education program would be continually necessary to contribute to development of professional nursing occupation.

The Effects of Moxibustion on Cornell Medical Index in the Elderly (쑥뜸요법이 노인의 CMI에 미치는 효과)

  • Yu, Gyuong-Won;Min, Soon;Park, Jae-Kyoung;Kim, Jung-Hyo;Kang, Gyung-Goo
    • Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.79-91
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    • 2007
  • Purpose: To improve health care of the elderly, we have used Moxibustion to examine the effectiveness of this product from 1st Feb. 2007 to 31 st May for 78 people who are older than 65 years old twice a week. Method: The tool of research was modified Cornell Medical Index(CMI) which Nam Ho Chang(1965) modified for the Korean and CMI which consists of 26 questions. Data were analyzed in frequency, paired t-test by SPSS. Result: Hypothesis: 'It was supported that CMI increases for those who have treated Moxinustion'. There were significant differences between before and after using Moxibustion when the symptom is one of those which are sore throat, tonsillar, edema, tightness of nose, common cold, cough, tightness of chest, palpitation, dyspnea, edema of leg, difficulty of urination, anorexia, heavy on stomach, nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, fullness of abdomen, stomachache, diarrhea, constipation, incontinency of stool, arthralgia, shoulder or backache, lumbago, headache, burning or chillness, vertigo and dizziness. Conclusion: As a result, Moxibustion is effective for such symptoms so that it is considered to be using in everyday life this product for better health care.

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