• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.943-952
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• 2006

The genetic variation in 10 indigenous Caucasian sheep breeds was studied with 14 micro-satellite loci in order to determine the genetic diversity among and between the breeds. Five breeds from Asia, five breeds from Europe and one breed from Africa, were included in order to study any relationships or influences they may have with the Caucasian sheep analyzed. A Karakul population from Uzbekistan was included in the study to see whether there was any Central Asian influence. All the 14 loci were found to be polymorphic in all the breeds, with the exception of ILST0056, which was monomorphic in Imeretian. A total of 231 alleles were generated from all the 688 individuals of the sheep analyzed. The mean number of alleles (MNA) at each locus was 16.5. The total number of alleles detected in all samples ranged from 13 in several loci to 23 in OarJMP029. Out of total 308 Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) tests, 85 gave significant results. After Bonferroni correction for multiple tests, 30 comparisons still remained significant to the experimental levels. The Gala population was the most diverse and Imeretian the least diverse with a MNA of 8.50 and 5.51, respectively. Gene diversity estimates exhibited the same trend and ranged from 0.803 in Gala and 0.623 in Imeretian, but generally there is higher diversity among the Caucasian breeds in comparison to other eference breeds. The closest breeds were Tushin and Bozakh with Da of 0.113 and most distant breeds were $Djallonk{\acute{e}}$ and North Rondalsy with Da of 0.445. Principal Component (PC) analyses were done. PC1 described 14% of the differences. PC2, which described 13% of the differences, further separated the Caucasian breeds from Asian breeds except Karakul and Awasi, and the two British breeds. PC3 described 10% of the differences, allowing better differentiation of the Caucasian breeds. A moderate degree of reliability was observed for individual-breed assignment from the 14 loci using different approaches among which the Bayesian method proved to be the most efficient. About 72% of individuals analyzed were correctly assigned to their respective breeds.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2014

Experimental results are given for the vertical motion of water in the water chambers for wave energy converter aligned along the wave propagation direction in order to avoid the impulsive wave forces. This paper mainly focuses on the property of the amplitude of the vertical motion of the water surface in the chambers. The amplification has been investigated by dimensionless parameters of wave period to resonance period ratio of the U-shaped oscillation, $T/T_r$, chamber size to wave length ratio, l/L, water depth to wave length ratio, h/L, amplitude of up-down motion of water particles to draft of the front wall ratio, ${\zeta}/D$. It has been shown that l/L should be less than 0.1 and as $T/T_r$ approaches unity the up-down of the water in the chambers is amplified. Also, the structure of the walls which form th water chambers has been examined roughly. It is deduced that the chambers set on both sides of the hull of a single-point moored floating vessel is preferable to those set along a fixed structure such as breakwaters.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2004

The consumption of poultry meat (chicken and turkey) grew the most during the past few decades due to several contributing factors such as low price, product research and development, favorable meat characteristics, responsive to consumer needs, vertical integration and industry consolidation, new processing equipments and technology, and aggressive marketing. The major processing technologies developed and used in chicken processing include forming/restructuring, tumbling, curing, smoking, massaging, injection, marination, emulsifying, breading, battering, shredding, dicing, and individual quick freezing. These processing technologies were applied to various parts of chicken including whole carcass. Product developments using breast, thigh, and mechanically separated chicken meat greatly increased the utilization of poultry meat. Chicken breast became the symbol of healthy food, which made chicken meat as the most frequent menu items in restaurants. However, the use of and product development for dark meat, which includes thigh, drum, and chicken wings were rather limited due to comparatively high fat content in dark meat. Majority of chicken are currently sold as further processed ready-to-cook or ready-to-eat forms. Major quality issues in chicken meat include pink color problems in uncured cooked breast, lipid oxidation and off-flavor, tenderness PSE breast, and food safety. Research and development to ensure the safety and quality of raw and cooked chicken meat using new processing technologies will be the major issues in the future as they are now. Especially, the application of irradiation in raw and cooked chicken meat products will be increased dramatically within next 5 years. The market share of ready-to-eat cooked meat products will be increased. More portion controlled finished products, dark meat products, and organic and ethnic products with various packaging approaches will also be introduced.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.191-204
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• 2014

In recent years, multi-camera systems have been recognized as an affordable alternative for the collection of 3D spatial data from physical surfaces. The collected data can be applied for different mapping(e.g., mobile mapping and mapping inaccessible locations)or metrology applications (e.g., industrial, biomedical, and architectural). In order to fully exploit the potential accuracy of these systems and ensure successful manipulation of the involved cameras, a careful system calibration should be performed prior to the data collection procedure. The calibration of a multi-camera system is accomplished when the individual cameras are calibrated and the geometric relationships among the different system components are defined. In this paper, a new single-step approach is introduced for the calibration of a multi-camera system (i.e., individual camera calibration and estimation of the lever-arm and boresight angles among the system components). In this approach, one of the cameras is set as the reference camera and the system mounting parameters are defined relative to that reference camera. The proposed approach is easy to implement and computationally efficient. The major advantage of this method, when compared to available multi-camera system calibration approaches, is the flexibility of being applied for either directly or indirectly geo-referenced multi-camera systems. The feasibility of the proposed approach is verified through experimental results using real data collected by a newly-developed indirectly geo-referenced multi-camera system.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.5-31
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• 2008

Korean administrative jurisdiction has changed from separation to integration system, without definite raison d'etre from the effectiveness dimension. It partially comes from the fact that the top priority of most existing documents has given to the behavioral patterns of key variables during specific time periods. As an alternative approach, this study focuses on dynamic analysis on the long-term structural patterns related to urban-rural integration issues. Specifically, it pays attention to unique experiences between two neighboring administrative authorities, namely Cheongju and Cheongwon, all of which have repeated exceptional confrontations between pros and cons over almost two decades. From the theoretical perspectives, this observes structural similarities and differences between separation and integration approaches and compares individual feedback loops in order to examine urban-rural integration effectiveness. Structurally, if the integrated local authority adopts systematic management and balanced territorial development principles, it would gain the highest positive effect of urban-rural integration. After scenario buildings, it analyzes administrative integration dynamics between Cheongju and Cheongwon, highlighting geo-political conditions, key issues, and implementation plans between two administrative authorities. It expects that the integrated jurisdiction as a whole would increase the urban attractiveness as it can facilitate territorial development plans from macro-level. Furthermore, if the integrated authority keeps balanced territorial principles, which would be well reflected in the mutual agreement between two administrative units, it would also guarantee the increased urban attractiveness in the integrated jurisdiction. Nonetheless, compared to Cheongwon, which might be wider open to the location of NIMBY facilities, it would be more difficult for Cheongju to pay attention to territorial development confined to its original jurisdiction in the short run.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2000

인공위성영상은 일반지도에 비해 많은 정보를 포함하고 있다. 위성에 탑재된 센서를 이용하여 수집하는 영상은 대부분 디지털 이미지로서 고가의 컴퓨터영상처리장비에 의하여 처리 분석해야만 한다. SPOT2-3호에서 수집한 강원도 춘천지역의 중복영상으로부터 자동으로 수치 표고모델을 작성함으로써 다양한 영상정보의 활용과 함께 입체영상지도제작 및 분석이 가능해지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 SPOT($60{\times}60km$)의 춘천지역을 대상으로 한눈에 영상을 재현할 수 있도록 고해상도의 인공위성 영상자료를 처리하여 영상지도를 제작하기 위한 DEM(digital elevation model)을 만들어 입체감을 가진 다 방향의 조감도를 작성하고자 하였다. 3차원 영상지도제작의 효율적인 방법을 모색하여 기존의 방법을 크게 개선하면서 경제적인 새로운 개념의 위성영상지도의 제작 및 활용가능성을 모색하였다.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.62-74
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• 2017

This study examined the mechanical engineering research output from India, Japan, and South Korea on different parameters including growth, collaboration indices, and activity index. The purpose of the study is to understand the overall development of mechanical engineering through analytical approaches applied on the scholarly outcome of the countries considered for the study. The study focuses on analysing the articles published by India, Japan, and South Korea, and is restricted to articles indexed in the Science Citation Index - Web of Science for the period 2000 to 2014. The ratios of number of paper to citations for India, Japan, and Korea are 20,836: 1,97,679; 24,494: 2,04,393; and 30,578: 2,66,902 respectively for the period 2000-2014. The findings show that there is a decline in Japanese publications in mechanical engineering, whereas other two countries have recorded an increasing trend. While India has tripled its publications in a span of 15 years, South Korea, on the other hand, has doubled its publications in the same span of time. There has been an increasing trend towards collaboration in almost all fields of science and technology. However, the extent of collaboration and their rate of growth varied for one subject to another, one branch to another branch of the same subject, and from one country to another country. The present study analyses the growth of research publications of the mechanical engineering domain including authorship distribution, collaboration indices, prominent journals, and activity index.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.257-264
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• 2019

We tried a series of morphological and molecular approaches to identify a new species of Stellantchasmus (Digenea: Heterophyidae) originating from the wrestling half-beaked fish, Dermogenys pusillus of Thailand. Adult worm samples of the new species were recovered from hamsters experimentally infected with the metacercariae from D. pusillus in Thailand. Two isolates (Thai and Korean) of Stellantchasmus falcatus were used as comparative control groups. Worm samples of 3 Stellantchasmus groups were morphologically observed and molecularly analyzed with the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 gene. The morphological characteristics of S. dermogenysi n. sp. are similar to S. falcatus originating from brackish water fish, but minor difference was noted including the absence of the prepharynx, position of the ovary near the ceca end, smaller body size, and shorter esophageal length. A phylogenetic tree derived from neighbor-joining and maximum-likelihood methods suggests that S. dermogenysi n. sp. is separated from S. falcatus supported by high bootstrap values. The relative divergences persist between these host-specific trematodes, which we suggest should be recognized as 2 distinct species. Comparisons of S. dermogenysi n. sp. with S. falcatus isolated from mullets in Thailand and Korea indicate a genetic divergence of mitochondrial DNA of 19.4% and 21.7%, respectively. By the present study, a new species, Stellantchasmus dermogenysi n. sp. (Digenea: Heterophyidae), is proposed in Thailand based on molecular evidences, in addition to minor morphological differences between S. falcatus and the new species.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2021

Objectives: Among the many intervention programs for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) is one of the few approaches that has succeeded in demonstrating clinical efficacy in randomized control trials. Here, we investigate the clinical efficacy of ESDM intervention in young children with ASD in a community setting within Japan. Methods: All subjects were children with ASD who received ESDM intervention during the study period. Each ESDM session lasted 75 min and occurred once per week for at least 12 weeks. The outcome measures consisted of the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development (K-test), Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Japanese version (ABC-J), and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity scale (CGI-S). Results: Twenty-seven subjects (29.4±6.4 months old) received ESDM intervention that lasted for 8.0±2.6 months on average. The score on Language and Social developmental quotient on the K-test increased significantly after the intervention. The total scores on the ABC-J and CGI-S significantly decreased after completion of the ESDM intervention. Conclusion: Our results suggest that ESDM intervention could reduce the severity of distinct clinical features of ASD, such as impairments in social interaction and communication assessed by the K-test, and maladaptive behavior rated by the ABC-J and CGI-S. We believe that the ESDM adapted to each institution might become one of the standard options for children with ASD in Japan.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.276-284
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• 2009

As an on-going research project, Zero Net Energy Test Home (ZNETH) project investigates effective approaches to achieve whole-house environmental and energy goals. The main research objectives are (1) to identify energy saving solutions for designs, materials, and construction methods for the ZNETH house and (2) to verify whether ZNETH house can produce more energy than the house uses by utilizing Building Information Modeling (BIM) and energy analysis tools. The initial project analysis is conducted using building information modeling (BIM) and energy analysis tools. The BIM-driven research approach incorporates architectural and construction engineering methods for improving whole-building performance while minimizing increases in overall building cost. This paper discusses about advantages/disadvantages of using BIM integrated energy analysis, related interoperability issues between BIM software and energy analysis software, and results of energy analysis for ZNETH. Although this investigation is in its early stage, several dramatic outcomes have already been observed. Utilizing BIM for energy analysis is an obvious benefit because of the ease by which the 3D model is transferred, and the speed that an energy model can be analyzed and interpreted to improve design. The research will continue to use the ZNETH project as a testing bed for the integration of sustainable design into the BIM process.