• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.173-182
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• 2012

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic widespread pain with a low pain threshold. The aim of this study was to compare two criteria for the diagnosis and assessment of FM and to analyze the correlation and agreement between the 1990 and 2010 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) preliminary diagnostic criteria for FM. Methods: We studied 98 patients who had already been diagnosed as having FM using the 1990 criteria or 2010 preliminary criteria. Tender point examination, FM impact questionnaire (FIQ) and pain visual analog scale (VAS) were obtained. According to the preliminary criteria, FM was quantified as WPI (widespread pain index) and the SS scale (symptom severity) and the two criteria were compared. Results: Among 98 patients, 78.6% of the patients were diagnosed with the 1990 ACR criteria and 93.9% of the patients were diagnosed with the ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria, and there was also significant agreement between the two criteria (P < 0.01). There was a correlation with the WPI and the tender point, with the SS and the FIQ, and with the sum of the WPI and SS and the FIQ. Conclusions: The ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria for FM were in agreement with the 1990 ACR criteria during the disease course. The preliminary criteria were the more sensitive method than the 1990 criteria. In addition, the 2010 criteria might have advantages since it is easy to assess the physical and psychological symptoms and can be quantified. Therefore, the ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria for FM could be used more conveniently for clinical diagnosis and follow up evaluation after starting management of FM.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 1990

In this study, an optimization design of reinforced concrete structures is performed by using the structural optimization techniques based on the LRFD criteria. The target reliability index is estimated by the optimal reliability index considering the expected cost which is taken as a sum of the structural cost and the expected costs due to failure of the structure. The load and resistance factors calculated by using level I reliability theory with the target reliability index are compared for each load combination (D+L, D+L+w). The results of this study show that the resistance factors are ${\phi}_{M}$=0.90, ${\phi}_{V}$==0.70, ${\phi}_{C}$==0.65 and the load factors are 1.20D + 1.70L, 1.07L + 0.07L + 1.10W. The optimization techinques used to this study are S.L.P. The optimization design based on the LRFD criteria is more economical and rational than other criteria.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1990 no.05
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• pp.13-16
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• 1990

This paper describes a software algorithm for automatic diagnosis of arrhythmia using the criteria of Minnesota code manual. This algorithm represents more accurate and more objective information to medical doctor by standardizing the criteria of diagnosis of arrhythmia. Because this algorithm doesn't need complicated mathematic processing, it carries out the real-time automatic diagnosis that is very important in clinic. The Decision-Table technology suggests the proper results for the given conditions. So it expresses the complicated medical problems simply and clearly, those are not solved by the mathematical methods. The Decision-Tables have very simple structure and so it is very easy to correct or expand the system by adding or correcting some rules.

• Broadcasting and Media Magazine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2016

UHD Alliance has been established to re-define what UHD is and to provide thoroughly new premium experience as compared to BT.709 (1990)[1]. Preserving creator's intended visual quality is empowered by defining not only compatibility but also quality and by keeping quality criteria consistently over the content ecosystem. This paper deals with philosophy of quality criteria for HDR and WCG as major feature of technical characteristics of the UHD Alliance.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.135-151
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• 1990

Solid and hazardous waste disposal site selection by using GIS(Geographic Information System) is the purpose of this study. The criteria of site selection are usually defined in accordance with geological, cultural and social characteristics. Unadequate adaptation of these criteria in a site selection may cause serious problem of water and soil pollution. The environmental information for extraction of these criteria consist of a lot of data : geology, geomorphology, hydrogeology, engineering geology, cultural and social information.... GIS could be easily applied to construct of this environmental information data base, and carry out cartography simulation using overlay mapping technique(polygon overlay). ARC/INFO(GIS system) was used for these studies, and AML(ARC/INFO Macro Language) in this system provided more variable and effective methods for cartography simulation. TM(Thematic Mapper) images were used for the evaluation of land cover/use in the studied area, by using ERDAS image processing system.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.143-159
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• 2003

In this study, the data and the Statistical Annual Report of the Korean Dental Technology Association and the yearbook of Health-Welfare Ministry from 1990 to 2002 were surveyed to study and analyze the yearly increase rate and regional distribution rate of the national dental laboratories and dental clinics, the rate of dental laboratories to dental clinics. The purpose of the thesis is to help dental technicians to open the rational and effective dental laboratory which considers the regional condition and the distribution of dental clinics. The result of the study is as follows; 1) The yearly increase rate of overall dental laboratories is 2.01 times to 2002 by the criteria of 1990. The most laboratories was increased in 1995(+94) but the least laboratories was increased in 2000(+13). According to the regional increase rate, Kyounggi Association showed the highest increase rate (7.00 times) but Woolsan Association showed the least increase rate (1.45 times) for the past 5 years. Busan Association had increased by 1.47 times by the criteria of 1990. 2) According to the regional distribution rate of dental laboratories, Seoul area showed the highest distribution rate from the minimum 26.72%(in 2002) to the maximum 35.23%(in 1990) every year, and before 1993, Busan area showed the high distribution rate of 12.49% and Daegu area 12.38%. 3) In the case of the national increase rate, dental clinics had increased by 2.01 times to 2001 by the criteria of 1990 and dental laboratories, whose number was 1,482 in 2002, had increased by 2.01 times to that year. The rate of the national dental laboratories to dental clinics went up an average of 1: 7.57 for 12 years. In 1994, the rate showed the highest 1:7.91 and in 1990, the rate showed the least 1:7.17. 4) The metropolitan rate of dental laboratories to dental clinics showed the average of 1:6.70 for 12 years, and the rate was highest in 1992(1:7.15) and the rate lowest in 1999(1:6.33). 5) The rate of dental laboratories to dental clinics in other areas was 1:9.53, the average of 12 years and was highest in 1991(1:9.97) and was lowest in 1990(1:8.79). (6) The rate of the Korean dental laboratories to dental clinics was 1:7.37 in 2001, the metropolitan rate was 1:6.53 and the rate in other areas was 1:9.10. According to the regional distribution rate, the rate of Kyounggi was highest (1:15.58) and the rate of Daegu was lowest(1:3.03).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.70-79
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to construct the fundamental data for setting a valid viewpoint as the base of landscape planning and management practices. To do this, we analyzed the preceding dissertations and landscape plan reports which presented the selection criteria of viewpoint. 37 research samples containing the criteria of viewpoint were investigated. The selection criteria and trends of viewpoint were analyzed as follows : Firstly, by analyzing the preceding researches we were able to grasp the criteria that had been used to set viewpoint. Secondly, we investigated the differences in criteria of selecting the viewpoint according to the research type, research time and view object. Finally, we analyzed the trends of viewpoint selection criteria and classified the characteristics and selection criteria of viewpoint based on an overview of the research content. It can be concluded that the criteria of viewpoint are intimately linked to the view object, the purpose and role of viewpoint which is related to the landscape planning and management practices. According to this study, we can find that the selection criteria and trends of viewpoint have been used in the research related to the view plane following the 1990's. Hereafter, additional research and the comparisons with researches abroad is necessary to set the objective selection criteria of viewpoint.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.61-74
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• 2006

Objectives : Nocturnal enuresis is one of common disorders in children. However, there are not a lot of researches going on about this disease, and also standardized criteria for analyzing were insufficient in Korea. Therefore, clinical researches were not in the confidence level. Methods : Korean journals which were published in 1990 to 2006, and online journals about nocturnal enuresis were used for analyzing based on outcome criteria. Results : The International Children's Continence Society and the World Health Organization have published outcome criteria about nocturnal enuresis, but different, often idiosyncratic, outcome criteria and/or definitions have been adopted in published research on treatment for nocturnal enuresis in recent years. But a new set of criteria suggested by Butler, Robinson, and et. al. referred to as a "dryness scale", which focuses on the percentage of dry nights accomplished at a point in time, will be an alternative proposal. These criteria will be of help to make standardized and proper outcome criteria in oriental medical studies. Conclusions : Agreed standardized outcome criteria in nocturnal enuresis treatment is needed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1181-1185
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• 1990

A failure evaluation diagram to evaluate fatigue fracture was developed. The relation between the fatigue limit and the threshold stress intensity factor for the short-cracked specimens of various materials including a piping carbon steel can be rationally predicted by the proposed method. It is shown that the coupled failure evaluation diagram for fatigue and ductile fracture is expecially useful for evaluation of the flaw tolerance as well as the margin of the safety of the pressure vessel and piping. Further, accumulation of fatigue data will be needed to construct an accurate fatigue failure evaluation diagram.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.57-89
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• 2007

The Korean government has put mamy efforts into the protection of ecological values of coastal and marine ecosystems since the mid 1990s, recognizing ecological values and economic contributions of coastal and marine ecosystems. Rapid increase of coastal and marine protected areas in terms of number and size implies the innovative change of national policy regarding ecosystem protection. As of the end of 2006, the total number and size of the protected areas account for 425 and $10,666.8km^2$ respectively. Despite of this achievement, the current policy regime on the protected areas has not been quite successful dealing with in managerial issues. The ambiguity and the lacking objectivity of designation criteria have, been causes of pending issues such as conflict outbreaks, 'paper parks', duplicated designation, etc. This paper aims at improving current designation criteria based on AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process). The suggestion of the study covers both the new designation criteria and the weighing factor on each criterion considering different ecological and socio-economic characteristics of 'wetland protected area' and 'marine protected area'.