• 복식
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the historical changes of western men's underclothes in the first half of the 20C and analyze functions and features of men's underclothes. This study was to utilize many literatures in the analysis of historical changes of western men's underclothes. In the 1900's, the attached collar was giving place to the detachable, and the coloured shirt for day wear was becoming accepted. The correct wear fur various occasions was given. Double collar was the favourite for day wear. The dress-shirt protector worn over the dress-shirt front. Men preferred to vest and pants in one as a combined garment. In the 1910's, underclothes were permitting freer movement, but what was still more significant was the glowing inclination to reduce the layers which covered the body. The new conception of decency which was beginning to appear continued to characterize underclothing the symbols of social rank, expect for formal occasion, were declining. For day the white shirt was being displaced by the soft-fronted shirt. In the 1927-1930's, Underclothes were reduced in number, extent and thickness. Underclothing had lost two of its original function : it no longer preserved the warmth of the body, nor did it disguise its essential shape. Both sexes discarded the use of white underwear, In the 1930's, men saw an increasing preference for the coloured shirt. Combinations became increasingly popular and the singlet were displacing the under-vest in the 1930's. All undergarments were very commonly in natural colours. In the 1940's, for evening dress. shirt was plain linen front and square cuffs. Short trunks reached to mid-thigh, had a front waist yoke with three button fastening. Underclothes were pursued ease and activity.

• 지질공학
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.583-595
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 1930년대 평양 대동강 유역의 남측(탄산염지역)과 북측(비탄산염지역)의 지하수와 지표수의 수질(pH, CaO, Fe, $HCO{_3}^-$, $SO{_4}^{2-}$)을 비교 하였다. 그 결과 남측이 북측에 비해 pH 와 $SO{_4}^{2-}$ 의 농도는 높았고 $HCO{_3}^-$와 Fe의 농도는 낮게 나타났다. 이는 점토층 유기물의 산화에 의해 발생한 수소가 무기염류의 금속이온을 치환하여 산을 형성하는 반응에 그 원인이 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.17-32
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• 2006

This essay has attempted to document the actual behavior patterns and the social networks related to the child delivery in the pre-industrial Korean society. We interviewed 30 women who had given birth to their first child during the 1930s and the 1940s in order to accumulate data related to son-prayer rites, prenatal care and food avoidance, sacred-string culture, and other incantation rituals. The characteristics of the social relationships with the person who had assisted the delivery and the recovery were also analyzed in terms of kinship networks. The results are as follows. First, there was a big gap between knowledge and the actual practices in birth rituals and customs. We assume that this is due to the adverse social-economic conditions at that time which may have restricted the actual performances of these customs. Second, there were almost no differences of the performance of these' birth customs between the urban areas and the rural areas. Third, the people who assisted the delivery were women who were mostly from the husband's family. Help from the wife's family were quite exceptional. Finally, it has been found out that only about half of the women who were interviewed performed the well-known custom of three-week after-birth confinement.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권11호
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• pp.137-151
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 크리스마스의 악몽을 중심으로 팀 버튼이 조명을 어떻게 사용하였는지를 분석하여 그의 독특한 컬러 비주얼 스토리텔링 스타일은 어떤 것인지 연구해 보았다. 분석결과 팀 버튼은 $1930{\sim}60$년대 B급 헐리우드 영화와 고전주의적 조명을 사용하였다. 그는 크리스마스의 악몽에서 조명을 이용하여 칼라를 강한 비주얼 스트럭쳐로서 사용하였고 이것은 작품의 일관된 몽환적 분위기를 유지하는데 상당한 기여를 하였음을 알 수 있었다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine changes in neighborhoods due to the development of residential districts around Jangchungdan(?忠壇) altar in Seoul from the 1920s to the 1930s. In the Joseon Dynasty, this area was a protected and sacred area to honor the spirit. The reputation of the area, however, turned into the place to play and take a rest and neighborhoods around Jangchungdan altar were developed as high-grade residential districts with the impression of suburbs during the Japanese colonial period. Residential districts were formed with the destruction of the Hanyang City Wall and the privatization of nation-owned forest, which were physical and symbolic boundaries of Seoul in the Joseon Dynasty.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2002

The studio furniture movement that expanded in the United States after the Second World War was truly American creation representing highly sophisticated individualism versus industrial anonymity. The studio furniture movement can be traced back to the 1930s in terms of its influences and emergences. Based on the ideals of Arts and Crafts movements from the earlier decades, studio furniture movement emerged in the 1950s in reaction to Bauhaus inspired industrially produced furniture. Studio furniture has represented an alternative for people who wanted individual objects in their homes rather than industrially produced products. Opposed to plastics and industrial materials, artists in studio furniture mainly focused on one natural material, emphasizing its singular beauty. There were significant roles and influences of craft education along with Scandinavian influences in terms of spreading out the movement. A historical examination of furniture from the 1930s until the 1960s illustrates how this significant movement began in the mid-century.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권34호
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• pp.197-217
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• 2014

20세기 20~30년대는 중국만화가 제일 번영된 때이고 중국 만화의 "황금시기"이다. 중국의 근대만화는 외세에 의하여 정서불안과 전쟁 등으로 풍자만화가 유행하였고 그중 많은 인기작품들 중에서 영화와 드라마로 제작된 20년대의 <왕 선생>과 30년대의 <삼모 유랑기>를 선택하여 분석하였다. II장에서 20~30년대 중국 민국시기 영화, 소설, 잡지, 패션 등의 소비문화가 확대되었지만 그 중, 통속성과 대중성으로 인기를 끌었던 만화잡지의 역사, 30년대 만화 간행물 등의 만화 "황금시기"에 대하여 역사적인 고찰을 하였다. III장에서는 5.4운동이후 사회 풍자유머만화가 유행하였고 20년대 반제반봉건주의의 내용에서 현실생활화 되었고 사회의 부정적인 면을 묘사한 작품들이 유행하였다. 그 중 작가 엽천여는 <왕 선생>을 통하여 소시민의 일상생활, 관료의 부패, 노동인민에 대한 동정 등의 상해에 대하여 묘사하였고 장락평의 <삼모 유랑기>는 힘없고 불쌍한 고아를 통하여 상해의 부르주아와 프롤레타리아의 불공평한 사회제도, 빈부격차에 대하여 묘사하였다. <왕 선생>은 도덕적인 면에서 <삼모 유랑기>는 경제적인 면에서 현실에 대하여 객관적이면서 익살스럽고 우스꽝스럽게 반영하였다는 것을 알 수 있다. 연구자가 <왕 선생>과 <삼모 유랑기>를 선택하게 된 이유는 하나의 좋은 만화, 좋은 애니메이션 심지어 좋은 영화는 우리 주변에 대한 느낌에서 오는 감정을 자극하기 때문에 친근감을 느끼게 하며 익숙한 내용을 다룬 두 작품을 선택하게 되었다.

• 복식
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• 제61권6호
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• pp.38-59
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• 2011

This study is based on the periodical discourse of women and their costumes, described in modern novels that were published from late 1890s to the 1930s. New cultural phenomena emerged among Korean women in the period of modernization. In particular, rapid increase of jobs for women and preference for western female body shape are very noticeable phenomena that can be observed in novels of the 1930s. In addition, the symbolic meanings of female costumes are variously described in modern novels according to the periodical and spatial environment and jobs for women. The symbolic meanings are organized as 'Trophysm, Expression of sexuality, Liberation from male-dominated society, Symbolic difference between rural and urban areas, Vanity, Decadence, Mechanism tending to hide and Change of values'. And women's costumes kept changing in the boundary of 'Confliction, Coexistence and Harmonization' of traditional and western costumes. 'Confliction' phenomenon got emerged in novels published between 1900 and 1910. The resistance on traditional costumes that restricted woman's life got spread. But western female costumes as a symbol of new culture could not be generalized but accepted as high fashion. 'Coexistence' phenomenon was appeared in novels of the 1920s. At that time, the modernization for traditional costumes by female students was emerged along with trendy fashion. Also, the frequency of using western fashion items was increased in the Korean society. Therefore, it shows that western costumes in the Korean society became popularized in the coexistence with traditional costumes. 'Harmonization' phenomenon was emerged in novels of the 1930s. In the novels, the emergence of western female costumes, personal preference items, and westernized hair style implies that western costumes were absorbed into the Korean society that had kept traditional costumes.

• 기계저널
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.126-131
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• 1994

이글에서는 1. 기계공정의 위상 2. 자본, 기술 및 설비에서 본 기계공업 3. 주요제품별 생산상황 등에 대하여 알아보았다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2016

The aim of this study is to analyze the organization of ithe internal space of Usonian houses that were designed by Frank Lloyd Wright between the 1930s and the 1950s. The Space Syntax Program was used to analyze spatial structure of these Usonian houses. The research range has been done on 9 case studies of Usonian house floor plans, which were designed from the 1930s to the 1950s. The shape of unit floor plans of Usonian house are usually in various L types, - types and transformed types etc.. The research results are as follows : 1) The service space(Kitchen etc.)is located at the center of house and it plays a role in separating the private space(bedroom etc.) and public space(living room etc.). 2) All of the bedrooms of Usonian houses have common characteristic : they are connected by a galley(corridor). 3) The organization of the inside space of most of these houses showed a tendency segregation space. 4) The galley inside space of Usonian house is the most integrated space in the house 5) The living room of the 1930s houses was analyzed as segregation space but it of 1940s and 1950s houses was analyzed as integration space 6) Although bedrooms are connected by galley, which is the highest integrated space of the inside space, this space is analyzed as a segregated space.